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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 50 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Simulated swards of reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea L) and ryegrass received applications of separated cow slurry liquor in winter, at rates up to the equivalent of 500 m3ha−1. Subsequent measurement of oxidized nitrogen in the soil under the different species indicated that lower levels of soluble forms of nitrogen were found under the reed canary grass than were under the ryegrass sward. At the first harvest after liquor application, the dry weight yield of reed canary grass responded positively to increasing applications of slurry liquor, but the ryegrass sward appeared to be damaged by very high rates of application. At later harvests, yields of the two species were similar, but over the season, apparent recovery of the nitrogen applied to the swards was greater in the reed canary grass than in ryegrass, suggesting that this species could be of value in the control of losses of nutrients from livestock wastes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 13 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract. Cell wall particles were prepared from the semi-aquatic plants Regnellidium diphyllum and Nymphoides peltata with minimum disruption to the integrity of the cell wall. The behaviour of freshly-prepared and frozen-thawed particles in a D.C. electric field was monitored with a microscope attached to video recording apparatus. From the respective particles mobility in a well-defined electric field. it was possible to determine their electrostatic potential and consequently estimate the corresponding surface charge density. Experiments were performed in media of different pH and cation concentration (ie, K+ Ca2+). A significant electronegative potential was found in cell wall preparations of both plants. Freezing and thawing further reduced the electrostatic potential for both plant species in all the media utilized for electrophoresis. A reduction of pH or an increase of the cation concentration was found to neutralize the electrostatic potential in a sigmoidal fashion. Ca2+ was more than 10 times more effective than K+ at neutralizing the apparent electrostatic potential of the cell wall preparations. Regnellidium was found to have a lower electrostatic potential than Nymphoides, although both responded in a similar manner to the various treatments. The possible relevance of the cell wall electrostatic potential, pH and [Ca2+] and particularly their inter-relationship is discussed for the two species of plants in terms of their differing growth responses to the ionic environment of the plant.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 12 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract. Auxin and ethylene both enhance cell elongation in intact petioles of the semi-aquatic plants Regnellidium diphyllum and Nymphoides peltata. The authors now show that auxin but not ethylene increases the in vitro extensibility of cell walls. No response to ethylene occurs in auxin-depleted tissue. Neither hormone regulates cell expansion by direct control of internal osmolality (OS). During growth of segments, OS (and hence turgor) declines rapidly over the first 5–6 h with a net loss of osmotic solutes. Thereafter, an apparent threshold OS is maintained with net gains in osmostic solutes (Nymphoides) or further net losses (Regnellidium). Although wall extensibility determines initial rates of hormone-induced cell expansion, the primary control of wall loosening appears to differ in the two species. Nymphoides shows typical ‘acid growth’, and fusicoccin, auxin and ethylene (with auxin) all enhance proton secretion. In Regnellidium, neither low pH nor fusicoccin (FC) alters the rate of cell expansion, although proton secretion is stimulated by FC. Stress relaxation studies using low pH treatment of living or frozen-thawed segments show increases in the extensibility of walls in vitro for Nymphoides but not for Regnellidium. The authors propose that extensibility may be controlled by wall pH in Nymphoides but the availability of effective wall-loosening sites determines extensibility in Regnellidium.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of applied phycology 2 (1990), S. 231-239 
    ISSN: 1573-5176
    Schlagwort(e): straw ; algal inhibition ; Cladophora glomerata
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The presence of rotting barley straw in a dis used canal reduced the amount of filamentous algae. No effect on algae was observed during the first season after the introduction of straw but algae were decreased in three subsequent years. Algal growth on microscope slides suspended in the water downstream of the straw was reduced by 90%, compared with slides upstream of the straw. A similar result was obtained forCladophora glomerata grown in chambers in the canal. Phosphate, nitrate and ammonium concentrations were not altered significantly by the presence of straw, but nitrite concentrations were increased during summer months. Neither the nitrite increase, nor the possibility of pesticides being washed off the straw were considered likely causes of algal growth inhibition. Growth ofC. glomerata was inhibited in cages from which macro-invertebrate grazers were excluded. No obvious deleterious environmental effects were noted and the technique shows promise as a long-term method of controlling algae.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of applied phycology 2 (1990), S. 241-248 
    ISSN: 1573-5176
    Schlagwort(e): straw ; algal inhibition
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The presence of rotting barley straw in water inhibited the growth of several planktonic and filamentous algae in laboratory culture. The inhibitory effect was produced progressively during decomposition of the straw at 20 °C and reached a maximum after six months. When the straw was autoclaved, all inhibitory activity was lost. Algae recovered and continued to grow normally when transferred from cultures containing rotting straw to sterile culture medium. Addition of liquor from rotting straw also inhibited algal growth. The capacity to inhibit growth remained in the liquor after passage through a 0.2 ,μm filter but was removed by activated carbon. The inhibitory effect of straw shows promise as a practical means of limiting the growth of a range of algae which can cause problems in aquatic systems.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 21 (1995), S. 1113-1125 
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Antialgal compounds ; brown-rotted wood ; white-rotted wood ; lignin ; macromolecular analysis ; pyrolysis GC-MS ; Chlorella ; Microcystis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Brown-rotted wood has been used as a source of lignin to investigate further the antialgal effects of lignocellulosic materials such as decomposing barley straw. The antialgal activity of brown-rotted and white-rotted wood has been determined in a laboratory bioassay. Using pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, the lignin of the rotted wood samples has been compared and the significance of the structure of the lignin in antialgal activity is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 20 (1994), S. 1557-1569 
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Algal inhibition ; phenolics ; oxidized phenolics ; quinones ; barley straw ; Microcystis ; Chlorella
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Barley straw decomposing in well-aerated water releases a substance(s) that inhibits algal growth. Phenolic compounds are toxic to algae but are unlikely to be present in sufficient quantities to account for the extended antialgal action of straw. However, straw is antialgal under conditions that may promote oxidation of phenolic hydroxyl groups to quinones; tannins are antialgal under similar conditions. The toxicity of authentic quinones towardsMicrocystis is confirmed; the quinones are some 103 times more antialgal than phenolic acids. The possibility that oxidized lignin derivatives may be involved in straw toxicity towards algae is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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