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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Visualisation of micropore structure in human dental enamel (1974)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 252 (1974), S. 584-585 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 1 Transmission electron micrograph of longitudinal section of ion beam thinned human dental enamel showing the long lath structure of apatite crystals with electron lucent channels or pores between them. Ion beam thinning may remove organic material faster than the mineral phase but because it ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/252584a0
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural changes in the translucent and dark zones of early enamel caries (1980)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 9 (1980), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Selected areas of early enamel caries (‘White spot’ lesion) in human teeth were argon-ion-beam thinned and examined by transmission electron microscopy. A systematic examination of areas which were histologically defined as the translucent zone and the dark zone showed that the pattern of early caries was consistent with that of demineralization of the tissue commencing with a widening of the micropores and of the inter-rod spaces and gradually progressing to a severe destruction of the original enamel crystals, with possibly some remineralization. Observations indicate that the intercrystalline micropores and inter-rod spaces are the pathways by which acidic agents reach the crystals causing carious dissolution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0714.1980.tb01387.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laminated zones in carious human dental enamel (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 15 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Laminated zones within the body of carious lesions were studied by polarized light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Areas from within and surrounding the laminated zones, precisely selected using light microscopy, were argon-ion-beam thinned and examined by transmission electron microscopy. Laminated zones were present in ∼7% of the samples studied. Polarized light microscopy showed variation in mineralization from zone to zone and the enamel surrounding the zones in the body of the lesion. Laminated zones whose central region showed ∼1% of space when examined in air and whose boundaries showed ∼2–4% of space when imbibed in quinoline were selected for ultrastructural studies. Electron microscopy showed the laminated zone to be less demineralized than the surrounding enamel in the body of the lesion. The ultrastructure of their central regions was similar to healthy enamel but their boundaries showed demineralization which increased into the body of the lesion. Within the central region of lamination there was greater evidence of resistance to demineralization rather than the presence of remineralization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0714.1986.tb00587.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure of the intact surface zone of white spot and brown spot carious lesions in human enamel (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 15 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Electron microscopy of the intact surface zone of white spot and brown spot carious lesions showed that in general their ultrastructure was similar. Their outermost crystalline surface consisted of small crystals similar to those in healthy enamel, crystals with central core dissolution, and rounded crystals. Below this, surface demineralization of enamel was observed as the enlargement of micropores, the central core dissolution of crystals, the formation of channels and the enlargement of spaces at prism boundaries. Remineralization of enamel was observed as the partial occlusion of voids, the rounding and enlargement of crystals, and some new needle-shaped crystals. Some other features indicated combined demineralization and remineralization. The occlusion of spaces at prism boundaries was a more common feature in brown spot lesions, whereas the pockets of rounded crystals were more common in white spot lesions. A relatively uniform distribution of needle-shaped crystals throughout the intact surface zone was a feature of some brown spot lesions only.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0714.1986.tb00560.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    X-Ray Diffraction Rings from Deformed Solid Metal and Metal Powders (1948)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 161 (1948), S. 93-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE changes in crystalline texture of metals subjected to plastic deformation can be studied by following the increase in diffusion of the X-ray reflexions from the atomic planes. The correct procedure should be always to obtain the reflexions direct from the metal in the normal solid state. ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/161093b0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Strength of Metals (1948)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 162 (1948), S. 891-892 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] IT has been shown previously that progressive deformation of an annealed metal breaks down the grains into smaller units, or crystallites, which have a minimum size characteristic of the metal1,2. The lower limiting size for metals so far examined lies in the range ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/162891a0
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anomalous X-ray reflexions from copper crystals (1950)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 3 (1950), S. 312-313 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-5520
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0365110X50000781
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Planar faults in dental hydroxy-apatite (1982)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 34 (1982), S. 209-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Enamel ; crystallographic fault ; caries
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary There is a range of experimental evidence consistent with the existence of planar defects in the apatite crystals which constitute dental enamel. The evidence includes the appearance of crystals in the electron microscope both before and after attack by caries or caries-simulating etchants, the cross-sectional shape of the crystals and their long lath-like morphology. It is suggested here that the defects are twin planes in the apatite structure and it is further shown that such twin faults can form with only minor disturbance to the structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02411235
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A microscopic investigation of enamel in wombat (Vombatus ursinus) (1985)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 242 (1985), S. 349-355 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Teeth (Vombatus ursinus) ; Enamel (regions) ; Ultrastructure ; Enamel (mature and developing)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A study of the enamel of continuously growing Vombatus ursinus molars was carried out using the techniques of light microscopy, hardness testing, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. From the erupted end to within 8 mm of the growing end, mature enamel was observed and it was found that between comparable areas there were no significant ultrastructural differences in enamel; however, small (∼12nm diameter), loosely packed needle-like crystals characteristic of developing enamel were observed near the growing end. Mature enamel was found to consist of three optically-translucent regions interleaved with two opaque regions. Opaque enamel was softer than translucent enamel. The opacity and relative softness characteristic of two of the enamel regions was not related to prism pattern or orientation; it was, however, related to the presence of voids (∼28 nm diameter) in these regions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00214547
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron-microscope study of the dentine-enamel junction of kangaroo (Macropus giganteus) teeth using selected-area argon-ion-beam thinning (1981)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 221 (1981), S. 405-419 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Teeth (Marsupials) ; Enamel ; Dentine ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Transmission electron microscopy of selected-area argon-ion-beam thinned kangaroo (Macropus giganteus) enamel revealed a complex ultrastructure in the region of the dentine-enamel junction (DEJ). Characteristic features were multiple branching of dentinal tubules, rejoining of enamel tubules, elongated defects, extended protrusions of dentine into enamel, two types (A and B) of hypomineralized enamel and a continuity between dentinal and enamel tubules. In the intertubular regions of the DEJ a complex intermingling of finer enamel and dentine crystals, similar to that found in human enamel, was observed. The varicosities observed in the light microscope were a combined optical effect caused by the hypomineralized (type A) enamel and the branching and rejoining of the enamel tubules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00216744
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