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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Human Follicular Dendritic Cells: Isolation and Characteristics in Situ and in Suspension (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 33 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Follicular dendritic cells (FDC) in human tonsils, either in situ in follicular germinal centres or isolated from tissue, were characterized by immunohistochemical. enzyme cytochemical and electron microscopical methods. Using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies, expression of DRC-1. Ki-M4, HLA-DR, CRI, Clq antigens, a macrophage marker, and surface IgG and IgM were found on isolated FDC and on FDC in situ. None of these reagents proved to be specific for FDC. e.g. the FDC-directed antibodies DRC-1 and Ki-M4 labelled B lymphocytes in cytofluorography.Enzyme cytochemical staining revealed activities of non-specific esterase, acid α-naphthylacetate esterase and ATPase in germinal centres and in freshly isolated FDC.Immunohistochemistry demonstrated a weak expression of CD4 by a fraction of isolated FDC, which was confirmed by two-colour immuno-staining and immuno-electron microscopy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1991.tb01793.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immature complex odontoma: a light and electron microscopic study with reference to eosinophilic material and epithelio-mesenchymal interaction (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 12 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A case of immature complex odontoma was examined by light and electron microscopy, looking for additional information on odontogenic, tissue-associated eosinophilic material (EM). Moreover, the ultrastructural morphology of the lesion was related to normal odontogenesis. Firstly, EM appeared to represent two different kinds of material, both being akin to predentin. Secondly, it is supposed that heterotypic epithelio-mesenchymal cellular contacts have to be interpreted in terms of ultimateodontoblastic differentiation and have nothing to do with stimulation of the transformation of pre-ameloblasts into enamel producing ameloblasts. In the third place, it is supposed that aberrant histogenetic differentiation in the odontomas is due to a failure of the mesenchymal component to respond normally to epithelial inductive influences.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0714.1983.tb00323.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dark and light zones of germinal centres of the human tonsil: an ultrastructural study with emphasis on heterogeneity of follicular dendritic cells (1992)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 269 (1992), S. 359-368 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Tonsil ; Germinal centre ; Dark zone ; Eight zone ; Follicular dendritic cells ; Man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The cellular composition of the dark and light zones of germinal centres in human tonsils was quantitatively determined by electron microscopy. In addition to the well known germinal-centre B-cells, we defined the cleaved blast as a new distinct cell type in the germinal centre. The dark and the light zones clearly differed in their content of lymphoid and non-lymphoid germinal-centre cells. The dark zone was characterized by higher frequencies of cleaved blasts and small centroblasts, a higher blast-centrocyte ratio and a higher incidence of mitotic figures. In contrast, the light zone had higher frequencies of centrocytes, centroplasmacytoid cells, lymphocytes and follicular dendritic cells (FDC) and an inverted blast-centrocyte ratio. Seven distinct appearances of FDC (FDC.1-FDC.7) could be recognized on the basis of their ultrastructure. The distribution pattern of these subtypes differed between the dark and light zone. The undifferentiated subtypes FDC.2 and FDC.3 predominated in the dark zone. In contrast, the highly differentiated subtypes FDC.4 and FDC.5 were present at a much higher density in the light zone. These findings suggest that the dark and light zones are different compartments with regard to proliferation and differentiation of germinal-centre B-cells and that both compartments have a specific microenvironment influenced by FDC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00319629
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural cytochemistry of non-specific esterase in murine peritoneal macrophages (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular histology 21 (1989), S. 301-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6865
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Non-specific esterase (NSE) activity was demonstrated in glutaraldehyde-fixed monolayers of murine peritoneal macrophages. Using 2-naphthylthiol acetate (NTA) as substrate and Fast Blue BB as coupling agent a strong osmiophilic reaction product was obtained. The reaction product was observed as electron-dense dots covering cisterns of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi saccules and vesicles, or as large aggregates in lysosomes. Using α-naphthyl butyrate (ANB) as substrate and hexazotized pararosaniline as coupling agent the osmiophilic reaction product was observed extracellularly on the plasma membrane as an electron-dense continuous layer, whereas intracytoplasmic staining of lysosomes was rare. Substitution of the coupling agents in the respective media resulted in a slight reaction with the ANB medium whereas with the NTA medium reaction product was observed only in lysosomal structures. The substrate specificity of the different types of esterases was confirmed after isoelectric focusing on thin-layer polyacrylamide gels. The results indicate that in murine peritoneal macrophages different types on NSE are detected with NTA and ANB, having distinct ultrastructural localizations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01757184
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pancreatic endocrine cells of Barbus conchonius (Teleostei, Cyprinidae), and their relation to the enteroendocrine cells (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 203 (1979), S. 9-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Pancreatic endocrine cells ; Enteroendocrine cells ; Ultrastructure ; Cyprinidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pancreatic endocrine cells of Barbus conchonius are concentrated in a large (principal) islet, located near the gall bladder, and in a number of smaller islets. Five types of endocrine cells can be distinguished in these pancreatic islets: B cells, A1 (or D cells), 2 types of A2 cells (A2r cells with round granules; and A2fl cells with flocculent granules) and a scarce 5th cell type. The hormones produced by B and A2fl cells are probably insulin and glucagon respectively. The A2r cell contains granules with the same diameter as the granules of the enteroendocrine type III cell of the gut. Both cell types may resemble the enteroglucagon-producing EG cell of mammals. The function of the A1 cells, which are frequently found without secretory granules, and of the 5th cell type, will be discussed. The pancreatic islets of B. conchonius are strongly innervated, which suggests the presence of a direct nervous control system. Some intermediate or mixed cells containing exocrine and endocrine A2r granules are found contiguous with the principal islet. The origin of pancreatic endocrine cells is also the subject of discussion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00234325
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in the secretory activity of the glandular lobe of the corpus cardiacum of Locusta migratoria induced by flight (1977)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 180 (1977), S. 155-171 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Insect flight ; Locusta migratoria ; Adipokinetic hormone ; Corpus cardiacum ; Quantitative electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The glandular lobe of the corpus cardiacum of Locusta migratoria is characterized by the presence of one type of secretory cells containing secretory granules with a diameter of 2000–3000 Å, and of axons with small granules (diameter 950 Å). The axons form synaptic contacts with the cells. The secretory products of the glandular cells are released by exocytosis in the gland proper. In the axon terminals, release is indicated by the presence of synaptic vesicles and omega-shaped indentations. In order to study possible changes in the secretory activity of the gland during flight, three groups of locusts were studied with quantitative electron microscopical methods, i.e., resting insects, insects having flown for 5 min (short flight, SF), and insects after prolonged flight (PF, 60 min). After flight, greater secretory activity of the glandular cells is indicated by a marked increase in the number of exocytotic pits in SF and PF insects, by an enlarged nuclear volume as well as an increased amount of secretory products in the Golgi cisterns of PF animals. Flight also causes greater release activity in the axon terminals. From these results it is concluded that an intrinsic hormone, apparently the adipokinetic hormone, is released from the glandular lobe and regulates the substrate supply from the fat body during flight. It is suggested that the secretory activity of the glandular cells is controlled by the axon terminals on these cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00231949
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of isolation and transplantation of the corpus cardiacum on hormone release from its glandular cells after flight in Locusta migratoria (1977)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 184 (1977), S. 213-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Corpus cardiacum ; Locusta migratoria ; Insect flight ; Regulatory input ; Quantitative electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The glandular lobe of the corpus cardiacum (CC) of Locusta migratoria contains secretory cells and axon terminals. It is generally accepted that the glandular cells produce an adipokinetic hormone which stimulates the release of diglycerides from the fat body. The axon terminals are supposed to be involved in the regulation of the secretory activity of these cells. CC were transplanted into locust hosts. The secretory activity of the glandular cells and axons was studied in the transplants as well as the intact host CC. Quantitative electron microscopical examination of the glandular cells of the CC in animals both at rest and after flight shows that only in the host CC the secretory activity of the glandular cells is stimulated by flight, as indicated by an increase in the activity of the Golgi zones and in the number of exocytotic pits. In the axon terminals release of secretory products, indicated by synaptic vesicles and membrane indentations, is reduced as a result of the transplantation. It is concluded that the glandular cells need excitatory input from outside the CC for stimulation of their secretory activity. Furthermore, it is proposed that the transplanted glandular cells decrease the level of activity of the intact host cells by way of a negative feedback mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223069
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of a secretomotor centre in the brain of Locusta migratoria, controlling the secretory activity of the adipokinetic hormone producing cells of the corpus cardiacum (1977)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 184 (1977), S. 381-395 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Locusta migratoria ; Neuroendocrine system ; Regulatory input ; Insect flight ; Cobalt diffusion technique
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary After retrograde filling of axons terminating in the glandular lobe of the corpus cardiacum (CC) of Locusta migratoria with cobalt chloride, a paired group of about 15 cobalt containing cells was demonstrated in the lateral area of the protocerebrum. The axons of these cells run via the NCC II into the glandular lobe of the CC. These small neurons have the characteristics of secretory cells; they contain secretory granules of about 1000 Å in diameter. The axon terminals in the glandular lobe, making synaptic contacts with the glandular cells, contain secretory granules of the same size. It is therefore concluded that the cell groups in the protocerebrum control the activity of the glandular cells which produce an adipokinetic hormone. Arborizations of fibers of the lateral secretomotor cells are present in the dorsal neuropile of the protocerebrum, ventral of the mushroom bodies and along the tracts of the NCC I within the brain. It is proposed that these arborizations are sites of synaptic input. It is discussed that the axons of these cells might receive additional synaptic input in the storage lobe of the CC. The localization of cell bodies, the axons of which enter the storage part of the CC is described. The course of the axon tracts of the various cell groups in the protocerebrum and their connections with the NCC I and NCC II are demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00219898
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