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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Family Transactions and Relapse in Bipolar Disorder (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Family process 40 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1545-5300
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Psychology
    Notes: This study examined whether patient symptoms and relatives' affective behavior, when expressed during directly observed family interactions, are associated with the short-term course of bipolar disorder. Twenty-seven bipolar patients and their relatives participated in two 10-minute family interactions when patients were discharged after a manic episode. Results indicated that patients who showed high levels of odd and grandiose thinking during the interactions were more likely to relapse during a 9-month followup period than patients who did not show these symptoms during the family discussions. Relapse was also associated with high rates of harshly critical and directly supportive statements by relatives. Patients' odd thinking and relatives' harsh criticism were significantly more likely to be correlated when patients relapsed (r = .53) than when they did not relapse (r = .12). Results suggest that bipolar patients who show increased signs of residual symptomatology during family transactions during the post-hospital period are at increased relapse risk. The data also suggest that relatives of relapsing patients cope with these symptoms by increasing both positive and negative affective behaviors. Moreover, a bidirectional, interactional relationship between patients' symptoms and relatives' coping style seems to capture best the role of the family in predicting relapse in bipolar disorder.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1545-5300.2001.4010100005.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluating Therapist Competency and Adherence to Behavioral Family Management with Bipolar Patients (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Family process 37 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1545-5300
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Psychology
    Notes: The present study assessed fidelity to the behavioral family management (BFM) model for treating bipolar disorder patients and their families. The BFM Therapist Competency/Adherence Scale (BFM-TCAS) was developed to evaluate clinicians' competency and adherence to BFM, as outlined by Miklowitz' (1989) BFM Manual for use with bipolar patients. Therapist competency and treatment adherence was also evaluated with regard to two family characteristics: overall level of family difficulty and family expressed emotion (EE) status. The BFM-TCAS was used to code 78 videotaped sessions of 26 families with a bipolar member, selected from a larger treatment study of bipolar disorder patients. The findings suggest that, overall, clinicians adhered closely to the BFM manual. Specific areas in which there was high competency and treatment adherence were (a) skill in conveying factual information about bipolar illness, (b) establishment of a therapeutic environment, and (c) ability to take command of therapy sessions. The one area in which there was less compotency and relatively weak adherence to the manual was the use of between-session homework assignments to assist families in mastering the BFM exercises. Results of this study also suggest that, for the most part, therapist competency and adherence ratings were not related to overall level of difficulty or to family EE status.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1545-5300.1998.00107.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clinicians' Fidelity to a Manual-Based Family Treatment as a Predictor of the One-Year Course of Bipolar Disorder (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Family process 41 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1545-5300
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Psychology
    Notes: This study assessed whether therapist adherence to the family focused treatment model1 for patients with bipolar disorder and their relatives was associated with patient outcomes at one year after treatment entry. A total of 78 videotaped sessions of FFT consisting of 26 families with a member with bipolar disorder (3 sessions/family) were rated on fidelity using the Therapist Competence/Adherence Scale (TCAS; see Endnote 1, p. 130). Patients' outcomes (relapse status) were assessed using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and selected items from the Schedule of Affective Disorders and the Schizophrenia-Change (SADS-C) scale (measured at 3-month intervals for 12 months). Contrary to expectations, therapist fidelity was not related to overall outcome as assessed by the BPRS and the SADS-C. Among patients who did relapse, higher levels of cooperation among therapists predicted a later date for relapse than did lower levels of cooperation. Surprisingly, and in opposition to the study's hypotheses, patients who were hospitalized because of relapses had therapists who were rated as more competent in their ability to conduct the problem-solving module of FFT. Study implications are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1545-5300.2002.40102000123.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Difficulty in Implementing a Family Intervention for Bipolar Disorder: The Predictive Role of Patient and Family Attributes (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Family process 39 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1545-5300
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Psychology
    Notes: Family affect was examined as a predictor of difficulty implementing a 9-month, manual-based, psychoeducational family therapy for recently manic bipolar patients. Prior to therapy, family members were administered measures to assess both their expressed emotion and affective behavior during a family interaction task. Following family treatment, both therapists and independent observers rated the overall difficulty of treating the family, and therapists also rated each participant's problem behaviors during treatment, in the areas of affect, communication, and resistance. Therapists regarded affective problems among relatives and resistance among patients as central in determining the overall difficulty of treating the family. Relatives' critical behavior toward patients during the pretreatment interaction task predicted both independent observers' ratings of overall treatment difficulty and therapists' perceptions of relatives' affective problems during treatment. Moreover, patients' residual symptoms predicted independent observers' ratings of overall difficulty and therapists' perceptions of patients' resistance to the family intervention. Results suggest that difficulties in conducting a manual-based family intervention can be predicted from systematic, pretreatment family and clinical assessment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1545-5300.2000.39110.x
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  • 5
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    Sticks and Stones (1953)
    Washington, D.C. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Arts Education Policy Review. 54:7 (1953:Apr.) 154 
    Details
    ISSN: 1063-2913
    Topics: Art History
    Notes: ART AND CRAFT PROJECTS
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pao:&rft_dat=xri:pao:article:3091-1953-054-07-000002
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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