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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural immunocytochemical evidence for peptidergic neurotransmission in the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis (1984)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 238 (1984), S. 197-201 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Peptidergic neurotransmission ; Lymnaea stagnalis ; Immunocytochemistry ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Three neuronal systems of the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis were immunocytochemically investigated at the ultrastructural level with the unlabeled peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique. Preliminary electrophysiological and cell-filling investigations have shown that a cluster of neurons which reacts positively with an antiserum against the molluscan cardio-active peptide FMRFamide, sends axons to the penis retractor muscle. In this muscle anti-FMRF-amide (aFM) positive axons form neuro-muscular synapses with (smooth) muscle fibers. The morphological observations suggest the aFM immunoreactive system to be involved in peptidergic neurotransmission. In the right parietal ganglion a large neuron (LYAC) is penetrated by aFM positive axons which form synapse-like structures (SLS) with the LYAC. The assumption that the SLS represent the morphological basis for peptidergic transmission is sustained by the observation that iontophoretical application of synthetic FMRFamide depolarizes the LYAC. The axons of a group of pedal anti-vasopressin (aVP) positive cells run in close vicinity to the cerebral ovulation (neuro-)-hormone producing cell system (CDC system) Synapses or SLS between the two systems were not observed. The fact that (bath) application of arg-vasopressin induces bursting in the CDC, may indicate that the vasopressin-like substance of the aVP cells is released non-synaptically.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00215162
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoperiod-dependent neural control of the activity of the neurosecretory canopy cell in the lateral lobes of the cerebral ganglia of the freshwater pulmonate Lymnaea stagnalis (L.) (1980)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 208 (1980), S. 457-465 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Lymnaea stagnalis ; Neural control ; Neurosecretory cell ; Photoperiod ; Quantitative electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the lateral lobes of the cerebral ganglia of the pulmonate freshwater snail Lymnaea stagnalis (L.) one large neurosecretory canopy cell (CC) and two droplet cells (DC) are present. With the gangliontransplantation technique and with quantitative electron microscopy it is shown that photoperiodic stimuli control the neurosecretory activity of the CC via a stimulatory extrinsic neural pathway. The eyes do not play an important role in this regulatory process. The neurosecretory activity of the DC is not affected by differences in photoperiod. The significance of the photoperiodic control of CC activity is discussed in relation to the pathway for the endocrine control of reproduction which is known to be photoperiod-dependent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00233877
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunocytochemical identification of neural elements in the central nervous systems of a snail, some insects, a fish, and a mammal with an antiserum to the molluscan cardio-excitatory tetrapeptide FMRF-amide (1980)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 213 (1980), S. 21-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Immunocytochemistry ; FMRF-amide ; Central nervous system ; Neurohormone ; Neurotransmitter
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary With an antiserum to the molluscan cardio-excitatory tetrapeptide FMRF-amide neurons and/or nerve fibers were immunocytochemically identified in the central nervous systems of a snail (Lymnaea stagnalis), some insects (Leptinotarsa decemlineata, Periplaneta americana, Locusta migratoria, Pieris brassicae), a fish (Poecilia latipinna) and a mammal (mouse). The fact that immunoreactive material was observed in neurohaemal organs (corpora cardiaca of the insects) as well as in axon terminals ending on other neurons, seems to indicate that this peptide can function as a neurohormone and/or as a neurotransmitter. The results sustain the hypothesis that biologically active peptides have a wide distribution in the animal kingdom.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236917
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An ultrastructural study of the neurosecretory canopy cell of the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis (L.), with the use of the horseradish peroxidase tracer technique (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 204 (1979), S. 453-462 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: HRP injection ; Lymnaea Stagnalis ; Neurohaemal areas ; Neurosecretory cell ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The paired, electrotonically coupled neurosecretory Canopy Cells (CC) of the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis were microiontophoretically injected with horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Whole mount preparations and ultrathin sections of injected CC were studied to describe in detail the morphology of the CC, their axon tracts and neurohaemal areas. The CC release their secretory product at three different sites, viz. from the soma and from axon terminals in the intercerebral commissure and in the median lip nerve. Neural control over the CC occurs by few synapses found exclusively on the CC axon, not on the cell body. One type of “en passant” synapse was identified. Two morphologically distinct types of synapselike structures (SLS) are numerous. The site of electrotonic coupling between the two CC is most probably located in the cerebral commissure. Serial sectioning showed that the axons contact each other over more than 130 μm. The contact is very intimate and the axon membranes interdigitate in a complex manner. Gap junctions, which are often described as the sites of electrotonic coupling, were not found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00233656
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ACTH-Iike immunoreactivity in two electrotonically coupled giant neurons in the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 202 (1979), S. 231-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Immunocytochemistry ; ACTH ; Lymnaea stagnalis ; Neurohormone ; Neurotransmitter
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Two giant neurons (diameter 130 μm) were identified immunocytochemically by means of the unlabeled antibody enzyme technique with anti ACTH 1–39 and 1–24 in the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis. The cells are located in the visceral and the right parietal ganglion, respectively. They contain moderately electron dense elementary granules (diameter 150–160 nm). By means of the intracellular horseradish peroxidase injection technique it was shown that the cells send fibres into the neuropiles of various ganglia and into nerves. Synapses occur on the fine fibre branches in the neuropile. Synapse-like structures were found on the cell bodies and on the major fibres. The giant neurons are electrotonically coupled. With toluidine blue staining for small peptides it was demonstrated that in the central nervous system of the pond snail numerous peptidergic neurons occur in addition to those identified with the classical staining methods for neurosecretion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00232237
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Co-existence of immunoreactivity to anti-dopamine, anti-serotonin and anti-vasotocin in the cerebral giant neuron of the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis (1984)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 238 (1984), S. 411-412 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Immunocytochemistry ; Biogenic amines ; Vasotocin ; Lymnaea stagnalis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Consecutive sections of certain neurons in the central ganglia of the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis appear to be immunoreactive to anti-dopamine and anti-serotonin. The Cerebral Giant Neurons stain in addition with antivasotocin. The observations indicate the presence of two biogenic amines within the same neuron and in addition their co-existence with a biologically active peptide.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00217315
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