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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of season and cutting frequency on root and shoot competition between Festuca pratensis and Dactylis glomerata (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Grass and forage science 57 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Plant competition strongly affects the species composition of managed grassland. To identify relevant processes, Festuca pratensis (Huds.) and Dactylis glomerata (L.) were grown as monocultures or mixtures in boxes placed in the field for two seasons and subjected to two cutting frequencies. Root and shoot competition effects were separated using soil and aerial partitions. Shoot competition was analysed by measuring the vertical distribution of the leaf area and root competition by analysing the absorption of tracers. Values of relative yield indicated that the two grasses fully competed for the same limiting resources under the experimental conditions. The competitive ability of F. pratensis was lower during both years relative to D. glomerata. This was mainly related to its consistently lower shoot competitive ability, which was associated with less leaf area in the upper layers of the canopy and shorter leaves. Root competitive ability of F. pratensis changed with season. It was similar to that of D. glomerata during spring and autumn, but less during summer. The lower root competitive ability in summer might be due to the lower root activity of F. pratensis, measured as rubidium (Rb) and strontium (Sr) absorption in July, 0·1 and 0·2 m below the ground. Cutting frequency did not greatly influence the relative importance of root and shoot competition during the first growing season. However, under infrequent defoliation, the competitive ability of F. pratensis decreased markedly in full competition during the second growing season. These results suggest that distinct differences in the canopy structure and root activity of different plant species can affect the relative importance of root and shoot competition during the season.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2494.2002.00323.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic variability of forage grass cultivars: A comparison of Festuca pratensis Huds., Lolium perenne L., and Dactylis glomerata L. (1999)
    Springer
    Euphytica 106 (1999), S. 261-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Dactylis glomerata L. ; Festuca pratensis Huds. ; genetic variability ; Lolium perenne L. ; RAPD markers ; vegetative growth traits
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Three widely used cultivars of each of the species Festuca pratensis Huds., Lolium perenne L., and Dactylis glomerata L. were investigated by means of randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers and vegetative growth traits in order to investigate genetic variability within each cultivar and to compare the level of diversity among cultivars and species. RAPD markers allowed a clear separation of the three species. Genetic variability based on RAPD markers was considerably lower for F. pratensis cultivars than for L. perenne and D. glomerata cultivars which showed similar levels of variability. The proportion of variability due to variation within cultivars, determined by an analysis of molecular variance, was lower in F. pratensis (64.6%) than in L. perenne (82.4%) and D. glomerata (85.1%). A comparison of F. pratensis and L. perenne, based on vegetative growth traits, confirmed the differences in genetic variability within cultivars. F. pratensis showed lower coefficients of genetic variation for eight of ten traits when compared to L. perenne. This study demonstrates considerable differences in genetic variability which may have consequences for the adaptability and persistency of individual cultivars.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003598705582
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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