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  • 1
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Recurrent rectal cancer – Diagnosis – Positron emission tomography – Imaging procedures. ; Schlüsselwörter: Rectumcarcinom – Rezidiv – Diagnostik – Positronen-Emissionstomographie – bildgebende Verfahren.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Einleitung: Die Diagnose eines extraluminären Rezidivtumorgeschehens nach operativer Therapie eines Rectumcarcinoms stellt sich häufig problematisch dar. Die Symptomatik ist nicht konstant, pathognomonische Tumormarker sind nicht spezifisch und die Rezidivneoplasien entziehen sich in der Regel der klinischen Untersuchung. Hilfreich sind hier die modernen bildgebenden Verfahren wie Sonographie, Endosonographie, Endoskopie, Computertomographie (CT) und Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT). Bis zur Gewinnung eines histologischen Befundes durch CT-gesteuerte Punktion oder operative Exploration verbleibt jedoch häufig eine diagnostische Unsicherheit bei der Unterscheidung zwischen Tumor und Narbengewebe. Methoden: Im Rahmen einer prospektiven Studie wurde an der Chirurgischen Universitätsklinik der RWTH Aachen die Wertigkeit der Positronen-Emissionstomographie in der Diagnostik des Rectum-Rezidivcarcinoms evaluiert. Ziel der Studie war die Bewertung der PET im Vergleich zu den konventionellen bildgebenden Verfahren. Eine Metastasierung ist für die Prognose und weitere Therapie von entscheidender Bedeutung, so daß weiterhin die Aussagekraft der Untersuchung in Bezug auf die Ausbreitungsdiagnostik einer eingehenden Betrachtung unterzogen wurde. Ergebnisse: Insgesamt wurden bisher 23 Patienten mit dem Verdacht auf ein Tumorrezidiv einer PET-Untersuchung unterzogen. Bei 17 Patienten ist ein Lokalrezidiv nachgewiesen worden. Bei 11 Patienten zeigten sich Leberfiliae und bei 3 Patienten Lungenfiliae. In 4 Fällen bestand darüber hinaus der Verdacht auf das Vorliegen einer Peritonealcarcinose und in 5 Fällen von Lymphknotenmetastasen. Alle in der PET diagnostizierten Befunde bestätigten sich durch histologische Untersuchungen von Biopsien oder Op-Präparaten bzw. durch eine Übereinstimmung mit den Befunden anderer bildgebender Verfahren und die klinische Verlaufsbeobachtung. Schlußfolgerungen: Ein großer Vorteil der Untersuchung liegt in der Ausbreitungsdiagnostik durch den Ganzkörperscan. Der durch die Positronen-Emissionstomographie mögliche Nachweis von Stoffwechselprozessen stellt bei Rectum-Rezidivcarcinomen eine sinnvolle Ergänzung zu den etablierten, die Morphologie darstellenden, bildgebenden Untersuchungsverfahren dar.
    Notes: Summary. Introduction:Diagnosis of extraluminal recurrent rectal cancer may be difficult. Currently the diagnosis is based on routine imaging procedures. Diagnosis often remains unverified until histological proof can be acquired by transcutaneous biopsy or operative exploration. The diagnostic value of positron emission tomography (PET) in recurrent rectal cancer was evaluated in a prospective study at the Department of Surgery of the RWTH Aachen University Hospital. The aim of the study was to assess the sensitivity of PET in the detection of recurrent rectal cancer in comparison with conventional procedures. Furthermore, the valency of PET in the diagnosis of the local expansion and metastasis was evaluated. Methods: Since June 1997, PET has been performed in all patients with suspected recurrent rectal cancer. The examined area reaches from the neck to the symphysis. Visual assessment follows transversal, frontal and sagittal sector scans. Enhanced focal FDG uptake over the physiological enrichment of the environment (e.g., urinary tract) was defined as a criterion of malignancy. The findings were compared with the results of routine diagnosis and histological examinations. Results: Up to now, 23 patients have been subjected to a PET examination. In 17 cases, a local recurrence could be proved. An intrahepatic metastasis was found in 11 patients, pulmonary metastasis in 3 patients, lymph-node metastasis in 5 patients, and a peritoneal carcinomatosis was found in 4 patients. All these findings were confirmed by histological examinations after biopsy and operation or by other imaging procedures and the clinical follow-up. Conclusions: The controlled results show that PET can detect recurrent rectal cancer and its metastasis with great precision. PET seems to be a useful additional examination in the diagnosis of extraluminal recurrent rectal cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 27 (1985), S. 507-513 
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Neutrino bursts from supernova explosions would offer a novel opportunity to study the masses and mixings of neutrinos. In this paper we would like to examine, on the basis of a definite supernova model, the various effects which might exist and how they could be observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Key words: Dual-head gamma camera ; Positron emission tomography ; Attenuation correction ; Oncological patients
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a dual head coincidence gamma camera (DH-PET) equipped with single-photon transmission for 2-[fluorine-18]-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG) imaging in oncological patients. Forty-five patients with known or suspected malignancies, scheduled for a positron emission tomography (PET) scan, were first studied with a dedicated ring PET and subsequently with DH-PET. All patients underwent measured attenuation correction using germanium-68 rod sources for ring PET and caesium-137 sources for DH-PET. Ring PET emission scan was started 64±17 min after intravenous administration of 235±42 MBq FDG. DH-PET emission followed 160±32 min after i.v. FDG. Attenuation-corrected and non-attenuation-corrected images were reconstructed for ring PET and DH-PET. The image sets were evaluated independently by three observers blinded to clinical data and to results of conventional imaging. Attenuation-corrected ring PET as the standard of reference depicted 118 lesions, non-attenuation-corrected ring PET 113 (96%) lesions, and attenuation-corrected DH-PET and non-attenuation-corrected DH-PET, 101 (86%) and 84 (71%) lesions, respectively (P〈0.05). The lesion detection rate of attenuation-corrected and non-attenuation-corrected DH-PET was almost similar for lesions 〉20 mm, whereas attenuation correction increased the detection rate from 60% to 80% for lesions ≤20 mm (P〈0.01). A patient-based analysis revealed concordant results relative to attenuation-corrected ring PET for non-attenuation-corrected ring PET, attenuation-corrected DH-PET and non-attenuation-corrected DH-PET in 42 (93%), 36 (80%) and 31 (69%) patients, respectively. Differences might have influenced patient management in two (4%), six (13%) and ten (22%) patients, respectively. In conclusion, measured attenuation correction markedly improves the lesion detection capability of DH-PET. With measured attenuation correction the diagnostic performance of DH-PET is closer to that of dedicated ring PET.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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