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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fatty acid dietary intake and the risk of ischaemic stroke: a multicentre case-control study (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 244 (1997), S. 360-364 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Key words Fatty acids ; Ischaemic stroke ; Case-control study ; Risk factors ; Diet ; Stroke
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A low dietary intake of unsaturated fatty acids has been found in male patients with stroke as compared with controls in Italy, and a high consumption of meat has been associated with an increased risk of stroke in Australia. We present a case-control study, comparing the unsaturated and saturated fatty acids content of red cell membranes (which reflects the dietary intake of saturated and unsaturated fats) in 89 patients with ischaemic stroke and 89 controls matched for age and sex. In univariate analysis, besides hypertension, atrial fibrillation, ischaemic changes in ECG and hypercholesterolaemia, stroke patients showed a lower level of oleic acid (P = 0.000), but a higher level of eicosatrienoic acid (P = 0.009). Conditional logistic regression (dependent variable: being a case) showed that the best model included atrial fibrillation, hypertension, oleic acid and eicosatrienoic acids. These results confirm a possible protective role of unsaturated fatty acids against vascular diseases; however, we did not find any difference in the content of omega3 acids, which have been considered in the past to protect against coronary heart disease. We conclude that the preceding diet of patients with ischaemic stroke may be poor in unsaturated fatty acids (namely, oleic acid), and this defect is independent of other vascular risk factors. Only further studies will show whether changes in diet and/or supplement of unsaturated fatty acids might reduce the incidence of ischaemic stroke.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004150050102
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Piracetam in acute stroke: a systematic review (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 247 (2000), S. 263-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Key words Piracetam ; Ischemic stroke ; Overview ; Meta-analysis ; Clinical trials
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We studied whether the administration of piracetam in acute, presumed ischemic stroke affects case fatality and functional outcome. The Cochrane Stroke Group strategy was used to evaluate all randomized controlled trials of patients with presumed ischemic stroke examined within 48 h; death and (when available) functional outcome were used as end points. Three studies were included; the most recent one contributed more than 97% of the data. There were 501 patients treated with piracetam and 501 controls. Piracetam was associated with a nonsignificant 31% increase in the odds of death (95% CI –5% to 81%). This result was due almost completely to the effect of the larger trial, which, however, reported that the difference in case fatality rate between piracetam and control disappeared after correcting for the imbalance in stroke severity between the two groups. Data on functional outcome were available only for the largest study, and no difference was reported. Data obtained from the manufacturer suggested a nonsignificant trend (–10%) towards reduction in dependency with piracetam (CI –33% to 20%); the proportions of patients dead or dependent in the two groups were the same. Relevant adverse effects were not reported. The evidence from this review does not support routine administration of piracetam in patients with acute ischemic stroke; however, since a possible beneficial effect cannot completely be ruled out, further controlled trials are warranted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004150050581
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation by polymerase chain reaction of cytomegalovirus reactivation in intensive care patients under mechanical ventilation (1996)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 22 (1996), S. 1244-1249 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Cytomegalovirus ; Polymerase chain reaction ; Reactivation ; Critically ill patients
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: The study was undertaken to determine if critically ill patients under mechanical ventilation could reactivate latent cytomegalovirus (CMV) in either lung or blood. Design: Prospective study in critically ill patients. Setting: The study was performed in a multidisciplinary intensive care unit in a university hospital. Patients: 23 non-immunocompromised, mechanically ventilated patients who were anti-CMV immunoglobulin G-positive. Ten immunocompromised patients with active CMV infection and 16 asymptomatic CMV seropositive non-immunocompromised patients constituted the positive and negative control groups. Measurements and results: The presence of CMV in blood and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was evaluated by both viral cultures and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Thirty-seven blood and 22 BAL samples were investigated. Sequential samples were evaluated in 8 patients. For PCR, a 290 bp fragment in the first exon of the immediate early 1 gene was amplified. In order to exclude inhibitors of PCR amplification, a 268 bp fragment of the β-globin gene was concurrently amplified in all samples. Viral cultures of blood and BAL were negative in all 23 non-immunocompromised, mechanically ventilated patients. Moreover, no CMV DNA could be amplified in blood or BAL samples, whereas a β-globin amplification was observed in all samples. Conclusion: In a series of 23 critically ill patients under mechanical ventilation who were seropositive for CMV, no reactivation of CMV in blood or lung was demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01709343
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation by polymerase chain reaction of cytomegalovirus reactivation in intensive care patients under mechanical ventilation (1996)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 22 (1996), S. 1244-1249 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Cytomegalovirus ; Polymerase chain reaction ; Reactivation ; Critically ill patients
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective The study was undertaken to determine if critically ill patients under mechanical ventilation could reactivate latent cytomegalovirus (CMV) in either lung or blood. Design Prospective study in critically ill patients. Setting The study was performed in a multidisciplinary intensive care unit in a university hospital. Patients 23 non-immunocompromised, mechanically ventilated patients who were anti-CMV immunoglobulin G-positive. Ten immunocompromised patients with active CMV infection and 16 asymptomatic CMV seropositive non-immunocompromised patients constituted the positive and negative control groups. Measurements and results The presence of CMV in blood and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was evaluated by both viral cultures and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Thirty-seven blood and 22 BAL samples were investigated. Sequential samples were evaluated in 8 patients. For PCR, a 290 bp fragment in the first exon of the immediate early 1 gene was amplified. In order to exclude inhibitors of PCR amplification, a 268 bp fragment of the β-globin gene was concurrently amplified in all samples. Viral cultures of blood and BAL were negative in all 23 non-immunocompromised, mechanically ventilated patients. Moreover, no CMV DNA could be amplified in blood or BAL samples, whereas a β-globin amplification was observed in all samples. Conclusion In a series of 23 critically ill patients under mechanical ventilation who were seropositive for CMV, no reactivation of CMV in blood or lung was demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01709343
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radio-frequency thermal ablation of liver metastases with a cooled-tip electrode needle: results of a pilot clinical trial (1998)
    Springer
    European radiology 8 (1998), S. 1205-1211 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Liver ; Interventional procedure ; Liver neoplasms ; Therapy ; Radio-frequency ablation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The aim of this study was to evaluate feasibility, safety, and effectiveness of radio-frequency (RF) thermal ablation, performed by using a cooled-tip electrode needle, in the treatment of liver metastases. Twenty-nine patients (20 males and 9 females; age range 43–77 years) with one to four hepatic metastases 1.1–4.8 cm in diameter (mean 2.9 ± 0.8 cm) from previously resected intra-abdominal primary malignancies were treated. All patients were excluded from surgery and had partial or no response to chemotherapy. Radio-frequency ablation was performed by using a 100-W generator and 17-gauge, dual-lumen, cooled-tip electrode needles with a 2- to 3-cm exposed tip. Exposure time was 12 min for each needle insertion. Findings at spiral CT were used to assess the therapeutic response. A total of 127 insertions were performed (mean 2.4 ± 1.7 insertions/lesion) during 84 treatment sessions (mean 1.6 ± 0.7 sessions/lesion) in absence of major complications. Complete tumor response (i. e., unenhancing area of thermal necrosis larger than the treated tumor) was seen in 41 (77 %) of 53 lesions, including 33 (87 %) of 38 lesions 3 cm or less in diameter. After a mean follow-up period of 6.5 ± 2.1 months (range 3–9 months), recurrence of the treated lesion was seen in 5 (12 %) of the 41 cases. New metastatic lesions appeared in 7 patients. Two patients died after 6 and 8 months, respectively. Of the 27 patients still in follow-up, 14 are currently free of disease. Radio-frequency thermal ablation with a cooled-tip electrode needle is a safe and effective local treatment for hepatic metastases 3 cm or less in greatest dimension.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003300050536
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Benign infantile familial convulsions (1992)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 151 (1992), S. 608-612 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Epilepsy ; Infantile seizures ; Familial convulsions ; Benign epilepsy ; Epileptic syndromes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Five infants, three girls and two boys, first had convulsions between the ages of 4 and 6 months. Although the aetiology of the attacks was unknown, all the infants had a family history of similar convulsions occurring at the same age and having a benign outcome. The attacks, which always occurred in a cluster, were promptly controlled, in four cases with phenobarbital and in one case with valproate. Seizures were partial with secondary generalization and were characterized by head and eye deviation (not always the same side in each attack) diffuse hypertonia and then bilateral limb jerks. The interictal EEG was normal. The ictal EEG showed diffuse discharge with onset in the central-occipital region. Laboratory, radiological and neurological findings were normal. A history in at least one paternal relative (the father in four cases) of similar seizures, occurring at the same age suggested a genetic predisposition. No seizures or EEG anomalies were observed during the follow up.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01957732
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative clinical anatomy of the pancreatic arteries studied by selective celiac angiography (1988)
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 10 (1988), S. 53-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Pancreas ; Pancreatic arteries ; Angiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Une étude angiographique a permis d'étudier les variations du nombre, de l'origine, du trajet et des anastomoses des artères du pancréas ainsi que leur diamètre moyen en fonction des groupes d'âges (20–40, 40–60 et plus de 60 ans); cette étude quantitative a été effectuée par artériographie cœliaque sélective chez 72 patients ne présentant aucune lésion pancréatique. Les différentes artères du pancréas ont bien été visualisées dans la majorité des cas, excepté l'arcade pancréatico-duodénale inférieure qui est mal explorée par l'angiographie cœliaque. Ce travail confirme les grandes variations d'origine et d'anastomoses des artères pancréatiques transverse (artère pancréatique inférieure) et dorsale et permet de proposer des explications embryologiques et des applications cliniques. De plus, un pourcentage important d'artères multiples (4 ou plus) et d'artères de la queue du pancréas a été noté, permettant d'évoquer le rôle fonctionnel de cette distribution particulière. Enfin il n'a pas été trouvé de différence significative du diamètre des artères en fonction de l'âge, ce qui est probablement dû au maintien d'un contrôle nerveux périvasculaire réflexe des vaisseaux pancréatiques chez les sujets âgés. La méthode angiographique a une sensibilité satisfaisante qui permet une bonne visualisation des artères du pancréas et de leurs anastomoses in vivo.
    Notes: Summary The angiographic visualization of the pancreatic arteries, their numerical variations, origins, course and anastomoses, as well as their mean diameter by age-group (20–40, 41–60, 〉60 years) have been quantitatively investigated by selective celiac angiography in 72 patients without pancreatic disease. Visualization of the various arteries was achieved in a high percentage of cases except for the inferior pancreaticoduodenal arches, due to undervaluation of this vessel by celiac angiography. Confirmation of the great variability of the origin and anastomoses of the dorsal and transverse pancreatic arteries was obtained and possible embryologic reasons and clinical implications of this fact are discussed. Furthermore, a high percentage of multiple (quadruple or more) pancreatica magna and caudae pancreatis arteries has been observed and a functional role of this peculiar arrangement is suggested, Finally, no statistically significant differences were found in the diameter of any artery due to increasing age probably reflecting maintained neural perivascular control of the pancreatic vessels in the elderly. Satisfactory sensitivity of the angiographic method has been found with respect to the evaluation of visualization and anastomoses of the pancreatic arteries in vivo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02094071
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anatomie clinique quantitative des artères du pancréas étudiées par angiographie cœliaque sélective (1988)
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 10 (1988), S. 19-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02345733
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clinical anatomy of the suprarenal arteries: a quantitative approach by aortography (1988)
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 10 (1988), S. 297-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Adrenal gland ; Suprarenal arteries ; Angiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Une étude angiographique quantitative de l'origine et du diamètre moyen des artères de la surrénale a été réalisée à partir de 100 aortographies effectuées chez des sujets indemnes de lésions surrénaliennes, séparés en 2 tranches d'âge: 20–40 et 41–60 ans. La mise en évidence des différentes artères a été obtenue avec un pourcentage sensiblement comparable aux données de la littérature anatomique classique, en tenant compte cependant d'une visualisation moyenne des a. surrénales moyennes. Les variations d'origine concernent tout particulièrement les a. surrénales supérieures et moyennes, amenant à discuter les explications embryologiques et les implications cliniques de ces variations. Des différences statistiquement significatives du diamètre moyen de chaque artère ont été notées sur l'ensemble des sujets examinés confirmant le concept de territoires vasculaires d'origine diverse; des variations liées à l'âge ont été observées au niveau de l'a. surrénale moyenne, suggérant le rôle principal que jouerait ce vaisseau dans les adaptations physiologiques de la vascularisation de la glande surrénale au vieillissement.
    Notes: Summary The angiographic visualization, arterial origin and mean diameter per age group (20–40, 41–60 years) of the suprarenal arterial vessels have been quantitatively investigated by aortography in 100 patients without suprarenal disease. Visualization of the various arteries was achieved in a percentage substantially comparable to the anatomic data of the literature, though with lower detection of the superior suprarenal vessels. A variable site of origin was present particularly for the superior and middle suprarenal vessels compared to the inferior suprarenal arteries and possible embryological reasons and clinical implications are discussed. Statistically significant differences were found in the mean diameter of each arterial vessel in all the subjects examined, thus substantiating the concept of differential arterial supply to various portions of the gland. Age-related changes were demonstrated in the right middle suprarenal artery, suggesting a predominant role of this vessel in the physiological adaptation of the blood supply to the gland with increasing age.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02107902
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anatomie clinique des artères de la surrénale: approche quantitative par aortographie (1988)
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 10 (1988), S. 12-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02116451
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