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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The spectrum of imaging in Currarino triad (1999)
    Springer
    European radiology 9 (1999), S. 1348-1353 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Currarino triad ; Ultrasonography ; MR imaging ; Constipation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The aim of this study was to evaluate the spectrum of findings and the efficacy of different imaging modalities in order to formulate recommendations for diagnostic imaging of Currarino triad (ASP syndrome), including screening of relatives. The imaging films of five female patients (age range 6 weeks to 12 months) were analysed retrospectively. The studied material consisted of US and MRI of the lower spine (5 patients each), lumbosacral plain radiography (4 patients), contrast enema (4 patients), urinary US (2 patients), genitography (1 patient) and myelo-CT (1 patient). Depiction of pathological findings with different imaging modalities was reviewed and validated with special respect to their demonstrability by US. Ultrasonography detected the sacral bony defect as well as the presacral pathology (meningocele and/or tumour) and thereby gave the basic diagnosis in all of the cases. It also depicted tethered cord and urinary tract abnormalities correctly. Magnetic resonance imaging gave a more distinct visualization of pre- and intraspinal pathology with additional demonstration of intraspinal lipoma in two cases. Regarding anorectal and genital malformations, radiographic contrast agent studies had been used in all patients. Two blind-ending retrorectal fistulas, depicted by enema, were missed by MRI. Patients with congenital or early infancy obstipation, anorectal malformations and complex urinary tract malformations should have spinal and pelvic sonography first. A plain film of the sacrum is recommended in equivocal cases. The need for MRI and contrast agent studies depends on the individual pathology, whereas presently MRI has made further radiographic imaging increasingly dispensable. A screening program with lumbosacral US or plain radiography for families with Currarino triad should be obligatory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003300050846
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Roentgenologic follow-up in primarily conservatively treated osteogenic sarcoma (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 106 (1983), S. 38-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Osteogenic sarcoma: Roentgenologic criteria for follow-up ; Roentgenologic signs for tumor involution ; Angiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Conclusions Comparing the roentgenologically estimated involution of a primarily conservatively treated osteosarcoma with the histologic regression grading, the coincidence is 72%. When including grades I to III in one group and IV to VI in an other, the accuracy of roentgenologic evaluation rises to 88%. Based on a typical roentgenologic follow-up of tumors, that react well to the medical treatment, criteria were determined to allow an estimation of the degree each osteosarcoma responds to the therapy. Difficulties still remain with some tumors, especially where no control angiography was done. Computerized tomography and nuclearmedical techniques will probably provide additional diagnostic help in these and other cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00625050
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrasonographic late results after surgically treated cryptorchidism (2000)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 30 (2000), S. 151-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background. Because uncorrected cryptorchidism is accompanied by the high risk of later disturbed testicular function and cancer, early surgery in the second year of life is recommended. Objective. To evaluate testicular morphology, the sonomorphologic testicular long-term outcome and additional complications, as well as possible differences depending on varying ages at surgery. Materials and methods. Seventy-five previously maldescended testes in 68 boys were studied with US, 2–11 years after intrascrotal orchidopexy. Nineteen had been operated on in the first or second year of life, while the other 49 boys underwent surgery at a later age (up to 7 years). Each examination utilised conventional B-mode and colour Doppler (7-MHz linear ART probe, Acuson XP 128) to examine the scrotal and inguinal regions on both sides; testicular volume and perfusion were assessed. Ultrasound changes in testicular volume, architecture and Doppler flow rates were regarded as the most valid indirect indices of testicular damage. Histopathological correlation was not obtained, for ethical reasons, in any of the probands. Results. Thirty-five of the surgically fixed testes were normal with regard to position, volume, structure and perfusion. The other 40 (53 %) showed abnormalities of one or more of these parameters without any correlation with the patient's age at surgery or the time interval between surgery and US. Additional relevant findings, which were also found on the non-operated side, were: microlithiasis (n = 6), inguinally retained testis (n = 6), hydrocoele (n = 5), hydatid (n = 5) and varicocoele (n = 1). Conclusions. Ultrasound, including colour Doppler, enables an exact morphological analysis of the late results after surgically corrected cryptorchidism. The spectrum of findings does not show any correlation with the time of surgery. Thus, the value of even early surgery has to be questioned. Pre-existent primary damage (dysplasia) seems more important for long-term outcome of the testis. Additionally, US was of high value in demonstrating additional unexpected anomalies, the majority of which needed sonographic follow-up or even surgery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002470050034
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Choroid plexus cysts: A normal finding on ultrasound (1992)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 22 (1992), S. 410-412 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Within a period of 2.5 years, cystic structures in the choroid plexus were encountered at cerebral sonography in 70 neonates and babies (45 male, 25 female; 18 premature babies). Their prevalence in patients examined during the first 4 weeks of life (n=55) was 3%. The size of the cysts ranged from 1–4 and, rarely, up to 7 mm. They were mostly solitary and unilateral. Follow-up sonograms over periods up to 13 months showed that most of the cysts perisisted unchanged. A few disappeared (n=7), while distinct increase in size was observed in 1 case. Since no additional sonographic changes were observed and none of the patients displayed any neurological abnormalities and no association existed with any other, particularly chromosomal, disease, such plexus cysts are postulated to represent a normal sonographic finding and do not require follow-up.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02013498
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spermatic venography in undescended testes (1987)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 17 (1987), S. 39-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In patients with undescended testes the demonstration of the pampiniform plexus (i.e. venous network surrounding the testis) by selective retrograde contrast filling of the internal spermatic vein gives exact information about the existence and localization of the gonadal tissue. Especially with small hypoplastic testes and/or an intraabdominal position of the gonad the results of this technique are superior to those of ultrasound and computed tomography. The venographic information often helps to reduce the extent of the surgical exploration, most of all in those cases in which after an ineffective first procedure a second operation is planned. Venography can be done on an outpatient basis in children from an age of about 6 years upwards without general anesthesia and serious complications. Personal experiences with the spermatic venography in 11 patients (age: 7–32 years) with 18 undescended testes are demonstrated. Comparing the roentgenologic and surgical findings in 7 patients with 12 explored veins the results corresponded completely in 75%. In the remaining cases roentgenologic demonstration of one of the testicular veins with its pampinifom plexus suggested important information about the localization of the contralateral testis, surgically confirmed later.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02386593
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The value of sonography in the detection of osteomyelitis (1996)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 26 (1996), S. 291-297 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Purpose. A retrospective study was carried out in order to determine the role of sonography in establishing the diagnosis in extremity osteomyelitis.Materials and methods. The imaging documents of 24 infants and children aged from 2 weeks to 13 years with osteomyelitis (acute 21, chronic 3) were reviewed. Sonograms and conventional radiographs were available in all patients. Additional skeletal scintigraphy had been performed in 13 patients and MRI in only 3. Special emphasis was put on the different ultrasound findings and their onset in the course of disease.Results. Intra-articular fluid collections (in 15 cases) and/or subperiosteal abscess formation (in 12) were the most frequent early sonographic findings, and preceded any radiographic changes by several days in 11 of these cases. Together with positive clinical signs of inflammation, they were usually sufficient to establish the correct diagnosis. In selected cases, fluid or abscess puncture for immediate microscopic and later bacteriological studies was carried out under sonographic control. In addition, sonography was also able to detect superficial cortical erosion and even an intramedullary focus in a very young patient.Conclusion. Ultrasonography is a very helpful tool for establishing the correct diagnosis in osteomyelitis and reducing the frequency of additional imaging studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01372116
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