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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Generation of test gases from volatile and semivolatile organic compounds (VOC/SVOC) (1999)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 364 (1999), S. 709-713 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract An apparatus for the continuous generation of test gases from organic compounds of the VOC (Volatile Organic Compounds) and SVOC (Semivolatile Organic Compounds) categories has been developed. The use of a new test gas generator together with a system of heated transfer lines enabled the dynamic generation of test gases also of components with relatively low vapour pressures. With the help of an on-line coupled gas chromatograph the actual test gas concentrations were monitored. The apparatus has been evaluated for the compounds n-decane and pyrene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160051419
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    FTIR-screening of carbonyl compounds in metal working fluid aerosols (1998)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 362 (1998), S. 409-414 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Due to the complex composition of metal working fluids (MWF) the determination of all individual compounds is sometimes difficult and very expensive. Today the widely used method for the quantification of airborne MWFs consists of a non specific IR analysis of their C-H valence bands. With a new design of sample cell this inexpensive technique was extended to a more detailed screening of the MWF composition, especially the detection of carbonyl compounds in MWFs and their aerosols and vapors. The screening method was evaluated for the determination of concentrations of the aldehyde nonanal and the ketone diacetone alcohol in air in laboratory experiments. In preliminary workplace studies the applicability of this method to the (semi-)quantitative determination of carbonyl compounds in airborne MWFs is shown. The screening method was found to be very useful, specially to detect alterations in the composition of the MWF due to industrial use.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160051095
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Total Volatile Organic Compounds (TVOC) in Indoor Air Quality Investigations (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Indoor air 7 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0668
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The amount of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in indoor air, usually called TVOC (total volatile organic compounds), has been measured using different definitions and techniques which yield different results. This report recommends a definition of TVOC referring to a specified range of VOCs and it proposes a method for the measurement of this TVOC entity. Within the specified range, the measured concentrations of identified VOCs (including 64 target compounds) are summed up, concentrations of non-identified compounds in toluene equivalents are added and, together with the identified VOCs, they give the TVOC value.The report reviews the TVOC concept with respect to its usefulness for exposure assessment and control and for the prediction of health or comfort effects. Although the report concludes that at present it is not possible to use TVOC as an effect predictor, it affirms the usefulness of TVOC for characterizing indoor pollution and for improving source control as required from the points of view of health, comfort, energy efficiency and sustainability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0668.1997.00002.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Certification of contents of aromatic hydrocarbons in charcoal tubes – CRM 562 (1999)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 363 (1999), S. 33-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A Certified Reference Material (CRM) for determination of aromatic hydrocarbons in air was developed. The CRM 562 consists of aromatic hydrocarbons sorbed on charcoal in glass tubes. Initial feasibility studies established that a homogeneous and stable batch could be prepared. Three intercomparisons prior to the certification allowed the identification of various sources of error. Then, a batch of about 3000 tubes was charged and certified on the basis of analyses carried out in 15 European laboratories. The preparation of the reference material and the results of the certification exercise is described. An overview on the analytical techniques used and the quality control guidelines are also presented. The certified values are 15.0 ± 0.4 μg benzene, 147.3 ± 3.8 μg toluene, 96.4 ± 2.5 μg m-xylene and 93.0 ± 2.9 μg o-xylene per tube. This reference material is recommended for quality control of measurements in the field of occupational hygiene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160051134
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of the feasibility of preparing a reference material: Active charcoal tubes charged with benzene, toluene and m-xylene (1993)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 347 (1993), S. 230-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Volatile organic compounds in air are mostly determined after enrichment by adsorption on active charcoal. A batch of three hundred active charcoal tubes was charged with benzene, toluene and m-xylene by drawing a volume of air with known composition through the tubes in such a manner as to charge each tube of the batch with exactly the same amounts. From this batch every tenth tube was analyzed gas-chromatographically. Further 60 charged tubes were stored under different conditions and analyzed within one year. It appeared that the charging was homogeneous and that no significant alteration was found within one year.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00323963
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of aromatic hydrocarbons in air using diffusion denuders (1996)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 356 (1996), S. 390-395 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The results of a study to evaluate a recently developed denuder sampling system for the determination of aromatic hydrocarbons in air are presented. Denuders of different lengths were tested in laboratory experiments by means of dynamically generated test gases at conditions similar to those at workplaces. Uptake rates, adsorption capacities as well as desorption efficiencies were measured at different sampling parameters. The influence of air humidity on the adsorption behaviour was determined. Finally, the suitability of the system for outdoor air investigations was checked. The denuders were very suitable for the determination of aromatic hydrocarbons in workplace air; the general feasibility to investigate outdoor air samples was demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s0021663560390
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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