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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Organometallics 1 (1982), S. 640-644 
    ISSN: 1520-6041
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 90 (1968), S. 3234-3236 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Microbial ecology 24 (1992), S. 63-76 
    ISSN: 1432-184X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Scanning electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy after scanning with DAPI indicated that the skin mucus of the cornetfish contained large numbers of bacteria, 4 × 108 per cm3. However, viable counts yielded only 2 × 104 per cm3. Twelve bacterial strains were isolated directly from the mucus and another ten strains were obtained following enrichment on pasteurized mucus medium. Most of the isolates belonged to the genus Pseudomonas; a smaller number were classified as Micrococcaceae. Cultures of 13 of the isolates were active in reducing friction in a turbulent flow rheometer. The surface active and drag-reducing properties of three strains—JR5, JR8, and GB7—were studied further. The drag-reducing activities, which were extracellular, were concentrated by ultra-filtration. The chemical composition of the concentrated preparations consisted of 14–24% protein and 38–75% polysaccharide. The major components of the polysaccharide fraction were galacturonic acid, galactosamine, and glucosamine, with lesser amounts of glucose and galactose. The most active preparation, from strain JR8, had a specific drag-reducing activity of 77 units per mg. Strain JR5 was the most hydrophobic as measured by the DOS and BATH tests. JR8 gave intermediate values, and GB8 showed low hydrophobicity values in both tests. The hydrocarbon-in-water emulsifying ability of the concentrated polymer fractions from JR8, GB7, and JR5 were high, intermediate, and low, respectively. The emulsifying and drag-reducing activities of the polymer fraction from strain JR8 were separated from each other by extraction with hydrocarbons. The emulsifying activity was due to a carbohydrate-protein complex, whereas the drag-reducing activity was associated with a uronic acid-containing polysaccharide.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Liquid chromatography with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-APCI-MS) was applied for the determination of butyl- and phenyltin compounds. Chromatography was performed on a 30 ׶2 mm, 3 μm C18 column, enabling the separation of mono-, di- and trisubstituted butyl- and phenyltin compounds in less than 10 min using a water/1% trifluoroacetic acid/¶methanol gradient. While satisfactory retention and resolution is achieved for the di- and trisubstituted butyl- and phenyltin compounds, monobutyltin and monophenyltin cannot be resolved chromatographically. Depending on the parameter values of the interface, APCI-MS detection allows both specific detection of the molecular ion or cluster ion at low to intermediate fragmentor voltages or quasi-element specific detection of the Sn+ ion released from the organotin compounds at high fragmentor voltages. The sensitivity of MS detection is similar for butyl- and phenyltin compounds, but varies largely from mono- to trisubstituted organotin compounds with tributyl- and triphenyltin being the most sensitively detectable compounds. Detection limits are in the 20–65 pg (abs.) range in SIM mode and in the 750–2000 pg (abs.) range in the scan mode for tributyl- and triphenyltin and for dibutyl- and diphenyltin, respectively. Monobutyl- and monophenyltin can be detected with much lower sensitivity which, together with their unfavorable chromatographic behavior, accounts for the fact that they cannot be analyzed at environmentally relevant concentrations. Although LC-APCI-MS is generally less sensitive than comparable GC methods, it is applicable to the analysis of environmental samples as demonstrated by the analysis of the PACS-2 sediment certified reference material. Although the derivatization of the ionic organotin compounds, which particularly in real samples is a potential source of error, is circumvented when LC-APCI-MS is used, the extraction step is still critical and may lead to underestimation when quantitation is not done by the method of standard addition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 52 (1999), S. 154-162 
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Microorganisms synthesize a wide variety of high- and low-molecular-mass bioemulsifiers. The low-molecular-mass bioemulsifiers are generally glycolipids, such as trehalose lipids, sophorolipids and rhamnolipids, or lipopeptides, such as surfactin, gramicidin S and polymyxin. The high-molecular-mass bioemulsifiers are amphipathic polysaccharides, proteins, lipopolysaccharides, lipoproteins or complex mixtures of these biopolymers. The low-molecular-mass bioemulsifiers lower surface and interfacial tensions, whereas the higher-molecular-mass bioemulsifiers are more effective at stabilizing oil-in-water emulsions. Three natural roles for bioemulsifiers have been proposed: (i) increasing the surface area of hydrophobic water-insoluble growth substrates; (ii) increasing the bioavailability of hydrophobic substrates by increasing their apparent solubility or desorbing them from surfaces; (iii) regulating the attachment and detachment of microorganisms to and from surfaces. Bioemulsifiers have several important advantages over chemical surfactants, which should allow them to become prominent in industrial and environmental applications. The potential commercial applications of bioemulsifiers include bioremediation of oil-polluted soil and water, enhanced oil recovery, replacement of chlorinated solvents used in cleaning-up oil-contaminated pipes, vessels and machinery, use in the detergent industry, formulations of herbicides and pesticides and formation of stable oil-in-water emulsions for the food and cosmetic industries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 145 (1986), S. 40-45 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Hereditary disease ; Bone dysplasia ; Wrist ; Ulna
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract An autosomal dominant hereditary bone dysplasia was observed in three members of a Sardinian family living in Germany — the father and two sons. The guiding clinical symptom is thickening of the wrist proximal to the styloid process of the ulna. The radiologically recognizable changes — non-calcified cartilaginous islands protruding like cones into the metaphysis — begin with the onset of puberty and are not always associated with pain. Varying degrees of thickening and bowing of the relatively poorly mineralized metaphyseal region, particularly of the distal ulna, occur at the end of skeletal development. Thickening of the dorsum sellae is also characteristic. Serum calcium levels remain slightly elevated throughout life. The metatarsals, metacarpals and the distal fibula are dysplastic to varying degrees. The two boys display a coxa valga. Skeletal development is retarded. A developmental disorder of the vertebral column may form part of the condition, which defied allocation to any of the acknowledged forms of skeletal disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Experimental dermatology 9 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The etiology and pathogenesis of psoriasis – one of the most common chronic, inflammatory, hyperproliferative skin disorders of man – have long fascinated dermatologists, pathologists and biologists alike. Here, we have a model disease that offers to study neuroectodermal-mesenchymal interactions in the widest sense possible. Epithelial, endothelial, and hematopoietic cells as well as neurons projecting into the skin apparently all interact with each other to generate the characteristic psoriatic lesion. For decades, the ongoing controversy on the molecular nature, choreography and hierarchy of these complex interactions e.g. between epidermal keratinocytes, T cells, neurotrophils, endothelial cells and sensory nerves has served as a driving force propelling investigative dermatology to ever new horizons. This debate has not only been at the heart of our quest to develop more effective forms of therapy for this socially crippling disease, but it also has profoundly influenced how we view the skin as a whole: the numerous competing theories on the pathogenesis of psoriasis published so far also are reflections on the evolution of mainstream thought in skin biology over the last decades. These days, conventional wisdom – infatuated with a T-cell-centered approach to inflammatory skin diseases – portrays psoriasis as an autoimmune disease, where misguided T lymphocyte activities cause secondary epithelial abnormalities. And yet, as this CONTROVERSIES feature reminds us, some authoritative “pockets of academic resistance” are still quite alive, and interpret psoriasis e.g. as a genetically determined, abnormal epithelial response pattern to infectious and/or physicochemical skin insults. Weighing the corresponding lines of argumentation is not only an intriguing, clinically relevant intellectual exercise, but also serves as a wonderful instrument for questioning our own views of the skin universe and its patterns of deviation from a state of homeostasis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 263 (1988), S. 272-280 
    ISSN: 0003-9861
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 151 (1988), S. 466-472 
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 156 (1988), S. 1230-1236 
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Keywords: [abr] DTT; dithiothreitol ; [abr] PCMS; p-chloromercuriphenylsulfonic acid
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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