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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gibberellic Acid and the Physiological Genetics of Flowering in Peas (1958)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 182 (1958), S. 1321-1322 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Brian and Hemming2 have shown that segregation at the Le locus affects some aspect of the metabolism of the gibberellins. In view of the over-lapping pleiotropic effects of segregation at the Le and Sn loci, we have made an investigation of the effect of gibberellic acid on flowering in the four ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/1821321a0
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endogenous ion currents traverse growing roots and root hairs of Trifolium repens (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 9 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The patterns of naturally growing ion currents associated with horizontally growing roots of Trifolium repens L. seedlings were measured in a simple low-salt bathing medium using a highly sensitive vibrating electrode. Current consistently enters the main elongation zone of the root and leaves from mature, elongated tissue. This current enters and leaves with densities of ca. 4.0–11.0 mA m−2 and 4.0 mA m−2, respectively. Current was also delected entering the zone of emerging root hairs and also the root-hair tips themselves.These results are a further example of the involvement of self-generated electrical fields in plant developmental processes. Possible, secondary rhizosphere-associated effects of the extracellular loop of the developmental current are also suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-3040.ep11614353
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    AZOSPIRILLUM II (Book). (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Plant, cell & environment 7 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-3040.ep11592207
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Water balance of N2-fixing root nodules: Can phloem and xylem transport explain it? (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Analysis of nodule inputs via the phloem and outputs via the xylem leads to the conclusion that water fluxes along those conduits alone would give a xylem sap osmolality in excess of that of sieve tubes and would thus plasmolyse the latter unless N2 fixation involved a very high respiratory consumption of organic C entering in the phloem, or there is significant water influx from soil through the nodule surface. Whether N2 fixation by attached nodules not in contact with an external water supply is energetically inefficient (and hence also, at a whole plant level, inefficient in terms of water-use) is as yet untested. However, the hypothesis which we prefer involves the shortfall in water entry via the phloem being made up the parenchymatic water flux from the root to the nodule.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1989.tb01628.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogen nutrition of seedling grain legumes: some taxonomic, morphological and physiological constraints (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 7 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The growth of young plants of the epigeal species Phaseolus vulgaris and Glycine max is compared with that of the hypogeal species Pisum sativum and Vicia faba, with particular reference to synchronization between the exhuastion of seed reserves of N and the availability of fixed N. It is argued that the N stress symptoms which occur when these two processes are not synchronized are more common and obvious in Phaseolus or Glycine than in Pisum or Vicia. This is primarily because in these species (a) the first fixed N is used for nodule growth rather than being exported to the shoot system and (b) the first foliage leaves have a much greater area and contain a larger proportion of N reserves from the seed.It is further suggested that Phaseolus and Glycine may show the greater response to nitrogen fertilizer applied at sowing since (a) most of the applied nitrate is passed directly to the shoots (rather than being reduced in the roots as in Pisum or Vicia) and (b) in addition to being used for growth (following reduction), it may also be used prior to reduction as part of the osmotic force driving cell expansion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-3040.ep11571523
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Root nodule anatomy, type of export product and evolutionary origin in some Leguminosae (1980)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 3 (1980), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. The tribe Phaseoleae, of the sub-family Papi-lionoideae of the Leguminosae shows distinct differences from the tribes Vicieae and Trifolieae in nodule morphology and anatomy. Nodules of the Phaseoleae have determinate growth as, at maturity, the vascular strands fuse at the apex forming, effectively, a closed loop of the root stele. Nodules of the Vicieae and Trifolieae have an apical meristem, hence indeterminate growth; one or more branches of the root stele enter and dichotomise within the nodule, new elements are differentiated in relation to nodule growth, and the fine branches are free at the apical end of the nodule. Nodules of the Vicieae and Trifolieae additionally have vascular transfer cells and vacuolate infected cells, and the rhizobial bacteroids are pleomorphic.The principal export products of nitrogen fixing nodules of the Phaseoleae are the ureides allantoin and allantoic acid, whilst those of the Vicieae and Trifolieae are amides and amino acids, especially glutamine and asparagine. The advantages and disadvantages of these export products are discussed in the light of nodular vascular anatomy and in respect of the tropical/subtropical origin of the Phaseoleae and the temperate origin of the Vicieae and Trifolieae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-3040.ep11580516
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nodule growth and activity may be regulated by a feedback mechanism involving phloem nitrogen (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 16 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: We present a mechanism of regulation of growth and activity of legume root nodules which is consistent with published experimental observations. The concentration of reduced nitrogen compounds, probably amino acids, flowing into the nodules from the phloem, is sensed by the nodules; growth and activity of the nodules is adjusted accordingly. In many legumes this response may involve changes in the oxygen diffusion resistance of the nodule cortex. A straightforward feedback mechanism in which nodule activity is lowered when reduced N in the phloem is high and increased when it is low is envisaged. Almost all import into nodules is via the phloem sap originating in the lower leaves. As a plant develops, these mature leaves no longer utilize nitrogen delivered in the xylem and so export it in the phloem. In plants with an adequate nitrogen supply (from nodules or combined nitrogen in soil), a high concentration of nitrogen containing compounds in the phloem from the lower leaves may inhibit nodule growth as well as activity. This suggestion is an alternative to the hypotheses of carbohydrate deprivation or nitrate inhibition which are commonly used to explain the effects of combined nitrogen on nodule growth and activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1993.tb00854.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intercellular location of glycoprotein in soybean nodules: effect of altered rhizosphere oxygen concentration (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 14 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. A glycoprotein which occludes intercellular spaces in the inner cortex of legume nodules may be involved in controlling oxygen diffusion into rhizobial-infected cells. Here we investigated this possibility by localizing the glycoprotein using monoclonal antibodies and immunogold labelling in nodulated roots of soybean cv. Clarke inoculated with Bradyrhizobium japonicum strain RCR3442 exposed to atmospheres with either 10, 21 (control) or 40% oxygen for 28d. Infected cells showed evidence of premature senescence when grown in above or below ambient pO2 particularly at 10% oxygen, although cortical cells appeared to be little altered by oxygen treatment. In the inner cortical cells, more glycoprotein was seen to be occluding intercellular spaces of those nodules subjected to 40% oxygen and less in those nodules exposed to 10% oxygen, when compared to controls. This observation, made at the light microscope level (using silver enhancement) was confirmed under the TEM using immunogold labelling. Therefore, it is suggested that intercellular space glycoprotein is one of the structural components of the diffusion resistance in the cortex of legume nodules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1991.tb01516.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detopping causes production of intercellular space occlusions in both the cortex and infected region of soybean nodules (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 23 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A structural analysis was conducted to determine whether glycoprotein-containing intercellular space occlusions are involved in medium-term regulation of O2 diffusion in soybean (Glycine max) nodules. Alterations in O2 diffusion were induced by a 3 h detopping treatment, and glycoprotein was immunolocalized with the monoclonal antibodies MAC236 and MAC265. Western blots of unstressed nodules revealed that these antibodies recognize antigens with two different molecular weights in soybean nodules. Tissue printing of halved nodules showed that both antigens were present in fresh nodules from control and 3 h detopped plants. The main localization appeared to be the inner cortex, but some immunolabelling also occurred in the infected region. ELISAs demonstrated a significant increase in total nodule concentration of intercellular glycoprotein following detopping, and cryosections of fresh nodules from this treatment also showed localization of antigens within the intercellular spaces of the infected region. The production of intercellular space occlusions in both the mid-cortex and infected regions after 3 h detopping was confirmed by light microscopy and silver-enhanced immunolabelling; cortical changes were quantified by image analysis techniques. Electron microscopy revealed that the occlusions within the infected region were less dense and less heavily labelled than those in the cortex. These results are discussed in relation to O2 diffusion regulation in soybean nodules
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.2000.00549.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrification in Antarctic soils (1997)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 385 (1997), S. 404-404 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Marshall1 found pollen from trees (Nothofagus spp. and Podocarpus spp.) and the spores of several fungi not normally native to Antarctica in air samples collected at Signy Island in the maritime Antarctic. Their presence was associated with a specific weather pattern, occurring with an estimated ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/385404a0
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