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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of clinical periodontology 27 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: To evaluate a modified tooth stain index and determine the effect of dietary factors on stain formation.Methods: At baseline, 182 adult volunteers were given a full oral prophylaxis followed by stain assessment using a modification of the Lobene index. This involved assigning separate scores to the mesial (M) and distal (D) sites of each tooth, in addition to the standard gingival area (G) and tooth body (B). For each site, stain intensity and areas were scored. The sum of (intensity×area) scores was calculated for all sites (GBMD-value) and for the gingival and body sites only (GB-value). The subjects used a standard abrasive dentifrice and a soft toothbrush for 6 weeks.Results: Stain was reassessed and the average increase in GBMD-value was 20.9 (sd=9.9) (buccal aspect) and 29.9 (sd=18.0) (lingual aspect). The corresponding GB-values were 4.4 (sd=4.8) and 12.5 (sd=10.2). The coefficients of variation of the GBMD index values were consistently lower than those of the GB values. Smoking and tea-drinking were found to be the only significant (p〈0.001) factors investigated for stain formation.Conclusions: It is concluded that the modified index may well be advantageous to its conventional counterpart because sites with most visible stain are assessed separately and because it may also offer higher discriminatory power due to a lower coefficient of variation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 7 (1980), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: An acoustic method has been used to compare the setting behaviours of three chemical and three u.v. activated sealants. The setting rates of the u.v. sealants were found to have similar sub-linear dependences on the applied u.v. intensity. However, considerable differences in the rates of set of these materials were noted when the same u.v. intensities were applied. Adjusting the composition of one of the sealants (Alphaseal) increased the penetration of the u.v. radiation, resulting in a ten-fold improvement in the setting rate. Suitable exposure times and the intensities of radiation necessary to satisfactorily set these u.v. sealants are recommended.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 13 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Measurements were made, using an acoustic transmission method, of the setting times of three visible-light curing sealants (two filled, one unfilled). Five commercially available visible-light polymerizing sources were tested with each material. Only three of the light sources gave setting times not significantly different from the manufacturers' recommended times for all three materials tested.The variation in microhardness with depth of sealant was measured to study the depth of polymerization of the sealants, all of which were adequate. The filled sealants had microhardness values greater than the unfilled sealant, at all depths studied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 10 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Three laboratory studies were carried out with the aim of improving or streamlining enamel surface treatment procedures in fissure sealing.In Study 1, the effect of reducing acid etch time from 60 s to 10 s was assessed by SEM and tensile bond strength measurements. Reduction in etch time produced a finer etch pattern, gave a reduced but still high, bond-strength, albeit with slightly poorer long-term adhesion.Study 2 showed that a conventional acid etch treatment could completely remove acquired pellicle, without prior prophylaxis. SEM studies and bond-strength measurements corroborated this view.In Study 3, compressed air and chemical drying agents were compared for drying speed and efficiency. Compressed air gave more rapid, thorough drying, and greater resultant bond strengths.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 5 (1978), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Since the ability of u.v. setting pit and fissure sealants to set in depth is dependent on the penetration of the u.v. radiation, the absorption coefficients of Nuva-seal and Alphaseal were determined at 365 nm, the wavelength of radiation used to polymerise both materials. Nuva-seal and Alphaseal had absorption coefficients of 0·165 mm −1 and 6·25 mm −1, respectively. The u.v. fluorescent dye present in Alphaseal contributed 2·5 mm −1 to its absorption coefficient and the remaining absorption was due to the 5% w/w catalyst concentration present, since the basic resin had no significant absorption. Therefore Nuva-seal may set adequately to the depths required of fissure sealants, but Alphaseal may not, unless a very high intensity u.v. source is used. A reduction in the catalyst concentration and the removal of the u.v. fluorescent dye might improve the setting characteristics of Alphaseal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 4 (1977), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The performances of ultraviolet (uv) lights used to initiate polymerization in fissure sealant systems were studied with a view to establishing recommendations for improving clinical results. The relationship between the setting time of an uv polymerized sealant (Nuva-seal) and the intensity of radiation applied was first established. This was compared with the intensity and distribution of radiation from seven Nuva-lites and one Quartzlite. It was found that some of the Nuva-lites did not produce an average intensity of uv radiation sufficient to completely polymerize Nuva-seal within the manufacturer's recommended exposure times. It is suggested that this may be a factor contributing to the large variation in sealant retention found in the different clinical trials with Nuva-seal. Finally, a number of recommendations are made to ensure that sufficient uv radiation is applied to all sealant surfaces when Nuva-seal system is used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 10 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The performance of six dental ultraviolet (u.v.) sources was assessed to establish minimum output requirements and possible u.v. hazards. Exposure criteria for u.v.-cured materials (Nuva-seal P.A., Nuva-cote P.A., Nuva-fil P.A., Lee-seal, u.v.-Dentoseal, Uviobond, Visiobond) were assessed by determining setting time-intensity characteristics, u.v. transmission and microhardness as a function of u.v. intensity and depth. A minimum intensity of 10 mW cm−2 was required for adequate curing and both Nuva-seal P.A. and Nuva-cote P.A. set well in depth with realistic exposures. Total u.v. outputs, average intensities and spatial distributions were assessed for the u.v. sources, most of which were well above minimum requirements. Ultraviolet spectra and maximum permissible exposure measurements indicated that all of the sources were safe in normal use.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 13 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Measurements were made of the spectral distribution of light emitted from five commercially available visible-light polymerization units. All emissions peaked between 400 and 500 nm but the ‘functional’ irradiance varied by a factor of 20 for the sources investigated. Timer checks revealed errors of up to 20%. Light output was plotted as a function of time and, after 60 s, varied from −15% to +38% of the initial level. The decrease in irradiance with distance from the end of the guide was such that irradiance at 20 mm was between 20% and 40% of that at 2 mm. The light distribution across the face of each light guide was investigated and significant inhomogeneities discovered. An ultraviolet light (UV) hazard assessment was performed and it was concluded that none of the light sources presented a hazard to the operator in normal use.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 8 (1981), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The effect of accidental salivary contamination on the retention of fissure sealants is investigated via in Vitro bond tests and scanning electron microscopy. The strength of the bond between sealant and saliva contaminated and washed enamel (168 ± 14 kg cm−2) is not found to be significantly different from the bond strength to uncontaminated enamel (174 ± 17 kg cm−2). Unwashed contaminated enamel gives significantly reduced bond strength (68 ± 11 kg cm−2).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 13 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: As part of a laboratory evaluation, measurements of abrasion loss and tensile enamel–sealant bond strengths have been made on three visible light cured sealants (two filled, one unfilled), two chemically cured sealants (one filled and one unfilled) and an experimental sealant with alumina filler particles. A UV-cured filled sealant was used as a control. The unfilled sealants had abrasion loss approximately twice that of the filled commercial sealants. The experimental sealant, with filler content above 50%, had an abrasion loss approximately half that of the filled commercial sealants. The chemical cured sealants had bond strengths lower than the UV-cured control, while the bond strengths of the two visible light-cured filled sealants and the experimental sealant were not statistically different from either the unfilled visible light-cured sealant or from the UV-cured filled sealant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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