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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variability in the phloem restricted plant trypanosomes (Phytomonas spp) associated with wilts of cultivated crops (1994)
    Springer
    European journal of plant pathology 100 (1994), S. 425-434 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8469
    Keywords: Alpinia purpurata ; Hartrot of coconut ; isoenzyme analysis ; lower trypanosomatids ; Marchitez sorpresiva of oil palm ; Phytomonas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Plant trypanosomatids (Phytomonas spp) have been isolated from the crude sap of coconut tress and oil palm trees affected with Hartrot or Marchitex diseases in South America andAlpinia purpurata affected with wilt in the Caribbean. They are also commonly isolated from the fruits and latex of Euphorbiaceae or Asclepiadaceae. Thirty-fourPhytomonas stocks were studied by isoenzyme electrophoresis (11 loci) in order to investigate genetic variability in the intraphloemic group. Our results showed that variability in phloem restrictedPhytomonas is very high, and that Marchitez or Hartrot associated trypanosomatids are not readily separated into two distinct groups. Moreover, the two isolates fromAlpinia are very close to the other intraphloemic isolates. The results confirm the existence of several distinct groups, comprising of at least 2 groups of phloem restricted trypanosomatids, not related to the host species, 3 groups of latex trypanosomatids, and one group of fruit trypanosomatids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01874809
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Malolactic fermentation by engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae as compared with engineered Schizosaccharomyces pombe (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 12 (1996), S. 215-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe ; Lactococcus lactis ; malolactic enzyme ; malolactic fermentation ; heterologous expression ; NMR ; Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The ability of yeast strains to perform both alcoholic and malolactic fermentation in winemaking was studied with a view to achieving a better control of malolactic fermentation in enology. The malolactic gene of Lactococcus lactis (mleS) was expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe. The heterologous protein is expressed at a high level in cell extracts of a S. cerevisiae strain expressing the gene mleS under the control of the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH1) promoter on a multicopy plasmid. Malolactic enzyme specific activity is three times higher than in L. lactis extracts. Saccharomyces cerevisiae expressing the malolactic enzyme produces significant amounts of l-lactate during fermentation on glucose-rich medium in the presence of malic acid. Isotopic filiation was used to demonstrate that 75% of the l-lactate produced originates from endogenous l-malate and 25% from exogenous l-malate. Moreover, although a small amount of exogenous l-malate was degraded by S. cerevisiae transformed or not by mleS, all the exogenous degraded l-malate was converted into l-lactate via a malolactic reaction in the recombinant strain, providing evidence for very efficient competition of malolactic enzyme with the endogenous malic acid pathways. These results indicate that the sole limiting step for S. cerevisiae in achieving malolactic fermentation is in malate transport. This was confirmed using a different model, S. pombe, which efficiently degrades l-malate. Total malolactic fermentation was obtained in this strain, with most of the l-malate converted into l-lactate and CO2. Moreover, l-malate was used preferentially by the malolactic enzyme in this strain also.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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