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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histologic prognostic factors in ependymoma (1991)
    Springer
    Child's nervous system 7 (1991), S. 177-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Keywords: Ependymomas ; Prognostic factors ; Pediatric ; Brain tumor ; Ependymoblastoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The prognostic value of a series of histologic signs and clinical features was studied in a series of 298 ependymomas, collected from different institutions. The distribution of tumor sites varied in relation to patient age, with infratentorial cases prevailing under 4 years. Life table univariate analysis demonstrated as highly significant prognostic factors: (1) the number of mitoses; (2) endothelial hyperplasia; (3) necrosis; (4) intracranial site; (5) age 〈4 years. Multivariate analysis by tumor site revealed mitoses cell density, age 〉16 years in supratentorial cases, and subependymoma in infratentorial cases to be prognostically important. Comparison of the anaplastic variant with the other tumor types in intracranial cases did not show a significant difference in survival even though the median survival time of anaplastic cases was shorter. The main conclusion is that the histological criteria employed to diagnose anaplasia in gliomas are not useful for recognizing anaplasia in ependymomas. The number of mitoses is a very important prognostic factor in supratentorial cases, whereas endothelial proliferations and necroses are much less important as prognostic factors than in gliomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00249392
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lack of apoptosis in mice with ALS (1999)
    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature medicine 5 (1999), S. 966-967 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] The role of apoptosis in neurodegenerative disorders remains controversial. Most of the uncertainty derives from the fact that (i) since these diseases progress over years, the possibility of finding a single dying cell in vivo is extremely remote, (ii) tissues are from end-stage patients and ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/12381
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tumor cell proliferation and apoptosis in medulloblastoma (1994)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 87 (1994), S. 362-370 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) ; Ki-67 ; Medulloblastoma ; Apoptosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The distribution of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-(clone PC 10)- and Ki-67- (clone MIB-1)-positive nuclei was investigated in 60 medulloblastomas of childhood. Although the labeling index of the two markers did not coincide, both showed a wide range of parallel variations. The percentage of positive nuclei was similar in both classic and desmoplastic tumors. A variable proliferation capacity was found in the different tumor structures. Areas with neuronal and glial differentiation showed very few positive nuclei; these were very abundant in the infiltration areas, and along penetrating vessels from subarachnoidal growths. Pale islands were negative or positive only in their peripheral part. Large-cell areas were richer in positive nuclei than classic ones, accounting for their more malignant character. Hyperchromatic round nuclei, not belonging to necrotic foci and called lymphocyte-like nuclei, differently interpreted in the past, were vairiably found in every case. They are known, from previous experience, to stain orange with Acridine Orange fluorochroming, like single-stranded DNA. They were not easily distinguishable from mitoses and were stained by in situ end-labeling of DNA strand breaks, as demonstrated by incorporation of labeled nucleotides. They were regarded as possible apoptotic nuclei, representing either a peculiar type of cell death or the preservation of the cell deletion capacity, typical of the embryonal tissue of origin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00313605
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histochemical study of TPPase and NDPase in the human nervous tissue, with particular reference to glia cells (1972)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 33 (1972), S. 53-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary TPPase and IDPase activities were investigated in normal and reactive human nervous tissue with three divalent ions as activators at different concentrations. Enzyme distribution in neuronal Golgi apparatus, vessels and glia cells is described. In glia cells IDP was hydrolyzed almost equally with the different ions at the concentration of 0.005 M, while TPP was only weakly hydrolyzed with Ca++ and Mg++. Small positive structures in the cells remained positive and for these a correspondence with the Golgi apparatus is suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00304226
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histochemical observations on some enzyme activities in the process of calcification of nervous tissue (1964)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 3 (1964), S. 399-407 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Ein Fall von epileptogener umschriebener Meningoencephalitis mit Verkalkung wird mitgeteilt. Außer histologischen und histochemischen Studien wurden folgende Enzymaktivitäten untersucht: DPN- und TPN-Diaphorase, Bernsteinsäure-, Milchsäure-, Glucose-6-Phosphat-, DPN- und TPN-gebundene Isocitronensäure-Dehydrogenase, alkalische und saure Phosphatase sowie ATP-ase. Die Beziehung zwischen den Enzymaktivitäten und der Verkalkung wurde untersucht. ATP-ase fand sich vermehrt in Gefäßen mit Konkrementen und um Ablagerungen. Keine andere Enzymaktivität zeigte eine positive Beziehung zur Verkalkung. Trotzdem kann nicht ausgeschlossen werden, daß die alkalische Phosphatase am Verkalkungsprozeß teilnimmt. Die reaktiven Astrocyten zeigen das Bild der Tetrazoliumreduktion, ähnlich wie man es unter anderen pathologischen Bedingungen findet. Eine Insuffizienz der oxydativen Aktivität der Oligodendroglia wurde nicht beobachtet.
    Notes: Summary One case of epileptogenic circumscribed meningo-encephalitis with calcification is presented. Histological and histochemical investigations have been performed and the following enzyme activities were studied: DPN and TPN Diaphorases, succinic, lactic-, glucose-6-phosphate- and DPN and TPN linked isocitric-dehydrogenase, alkaline and acid phosphatases and ATP-phosphatase. A relation between enzyme activities and calcification was investigated. ATP-ase was found to be increased in the vessels with concrements and around concretions. No other enzyme activity showed a positive relation to calcification, but it can not be excluded that alkaline phosphatase participates in the process. Reactive astrocytes and oligodendrocytes showed a pattern of Tetrazolium reduction similar to that observed in other pathological conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688450
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contribution to the histochemical demonstration of some dehydrogenase activities in the human nervous tissue (1962)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 2 (1962), S. 103-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Autoren führten histochemische Untersuchungen über die Verteilung von Succino-, Glucose-6-phosphat- und 6-Phosphogluconat-Dehydrogenase-Aktivität im Nervengewebe des Menschen durch. Untersucht wurden: normale Rinde und weiße Substanz, Nervengewebe aus der Umgebung von Tumoren und Abscessen sowie gliöse Tumoren bei 20 neurochirurgischen Fällen. Im Cytoplasma der Neurone und der normalen und pathologischen Gliazellens wurden verschiedene Intensitätsgrade dieser Enzymreaktionen beobachtet. Beträchtliche Glucose-6-Phosphat-Dehydrogenase-Aktivität konnte in den Oligodendrocyten nachgewiesen werden. Die von den Autoren gewonnenen Resultate werden im Verhältnis zu den bisher in der Literatur mitgeteilten Ergebnissen diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary The authors have performed a histochemical investigation on the distribution of Succinic, Glucose-6-phosphate and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase activities in the human nervous tissue. Normal cortex and white matter, peritumoral and periabscessual nervous tissue and glial tumors of neurosurgical source (20 cases) have been examined. A variable degree of these enzymatic activities has been demonstrated in all the cytoplasms of neurons and normal or pathological glial cells. Considerably higher level of Glucose-6-Phosphate dehydrogenase activity has been evidenced in the oligodendrocytes. A discussion of the results in relation to prior investigations reported in the literature is given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00685169
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histochemical observations on NDPase and TPPase in cerebral tumours (1973)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 23 (1973), S. 112-117 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: NDPase, TPPase ; Histochemistry ; Cerebral Tumours
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary TPPase and NDPase were studied in 24 cerebral tumours. Gliomas show intense parenchymal staining both with IDP and TPP. Dissociated responses are observed using different divalent ions. With IDP the intensity and distribution of the reaction do not vary when Mn++ is substituted by Ca++ and Mg++. With TPP the staining of tumor cells is greatly reduced when Ca++ and Mg++ are used instead of Mn++. Small structures can thus be observed in the cytoplasm, especially in areas of protoplasmic and large astrocytes, which resemble the Golgi apparatus. The significance of the findings are discussed in relation to the present knowledge of hydrolytic enzymes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00685765
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis among the migrant population to Piemonte, northwestern Italy (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 246 (1999), S. 175-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Key words Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ; Incidence ; Migration ; Risk factor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Recent surveys indicate a decreasing north-to-south gradient in the mortality and incidence rates of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in Italy, possibly indicating a different susceptibility to ALS in these populations. Piemonte, a region of northwestern Italy, experienced a considerable migration from other regions in Italy between 1940 and 1975; we therefore analyzed the effects of place of birth and migration upon the risk of developing ALS. Data on all ALS cases occurring in Piemonte during the period 1971–1990 were collected. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for patients born outside Piemonte were calculated, using the Piemonte-born population as reference. A total of 962 ALS cases were identified during the study period, corresponding to a mean annual crude incidence rate of 1.37/100,000 population (95% confidence interval, 1.29–1.46). The SIRs of patients born in three southern Italian regions and of foreign-born persons were significantly higher than those of persons born in Piemonte and or other regions in Italy, and increased with age. This observation may be explained by an interaction between environmental and genetic factors or by selective migration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004150050330
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and cancer do not differ clinically from patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 247 (2000), S. 778-782 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Key words Motor neuron disease ; Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ; Cancer ; Paraneoplastic disease ; Therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We examined whether patients with both amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and cancer differ from classical ALS patients, and whether motor neuron disease responds to oncological therapy. We analyzed clinical and immunological features of 14 patients (9 men, 5 women; mean age 65.3 years) with pure/definite ALS and cancer. Patients with solid tumor cancer and definite ALS were selected according to the El Escorial criteria; cases with ALS plus were excluded. Four patients had breast cancer, three lung adenocarcinoma, and three bowel tumor; hepatocarcinoma, kidney cancer, and mesothelioma were observed in one case each, and in one patient the primary tumor was unidentified. Patients' sera were examined for antinervous system antibodies by means of immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. Of five patients who underwent surgical therapy, two worsened during the procedure, while the other three had no benefit. The remaining two patients did not improve after chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In none of our cases did the oncological disease progress. Death was a consequence of ALS in all eight patients who died. Median survival was 18 months and did not differ from that of 28 ALS patients matched for age, sex, and onset features (bulbar or spinal). Anti-nervous system antibodies were never detected. We conclude that our group of pure ALS patients with cancer do not significantly differ from patients with classical ALS. They usually die as a consequence of the motor neuron syndrome in the absence of cancer progression. To date we have not observed any response of ALS to antitumor therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004150070092
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mucopolisaccaridi nel sistema nervoso di individui senili (1957)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 15 (1957), S. 25-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Riassunto L'Autore esamina il problema dell'esistenza di materiali mucopolisaccaridi nel sistema nervoso centrale. Dopo esame con metodi istochimici adeguati di cervelli provenienti da individui adulti, feti e senili, afferma un aumento delle sostanze a tipo mucopolisiccaride nel sistema nervoso centrale dei senili ed espone il comportamento delle placche senili.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Der Autor beschäftigt sich mit dem Nachweis von Mucopolysacchariden im Zentralnervensystem. Mit entsprechenden histochemischen Methoden, die in Gehirnen von Erwachsenen, Feten und alten Individuen durchgeführt wurden, zeigt sich eine Vermehrung der Mucopolysaccharide im Zentralnervensystem alter Leute. Dabei wird das Verhalten der senilen Plaques besprochen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01235944
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