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  • 1
    ISSN: 1520-4804
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 2880-2904 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Mechanism of the Decomposition of Perhetero-substituted Ethanes. Hexakis(alkylthio)- and Tetrakis(methylthio)bis(trimethylsilyl)ethanesThe perhetero-substituted ethanes 1, 2, 6, and 7 as well as the 2H- and 13C-labelled derivatives 1b, 1′a, 1′d, and 2′ are prepared. The methyl radicals 8, expected to be formed by a C — C dissociation of these ethanes, are generated by hydrogen abstraction from the corresponding methanes with di-tert-butyl diperoxyoxalate and recorded e.s.r. spectroscopically. The methyls 8 are observed upon pyrolysis of 1c, 1d, and 2, but not of the methylthio derivative 1a. These radicals could be formed either by C — C homolysis according to (a) in scheme 1 or through a primary S — C dissociation following route (b)/(b2). To distinguish between these possibilities, crossing experiments and pyrolysis reactions were carried out. The results described are compatible with a mechanism which does not involve primary C — C dissociations in the ethanes 1 and 2 [route (a) of scheme 1] but cleavage of these bonds at the stage of the ethyl radicals formed in step (b).
    Notes: Die perheterosubstituierten Ethane 1, 2, 6 und 7 sowie die 2H- und 13C-markierten Derivate 1b, 1′a, 1′d und 2′ werden dargestellt. Die bei einer C — C-Dissoziation dieser Ethane zu erwartenden Methyl-Radikale 8 werden durch H-Abstraktion aus den entsprechenden Methanen mit Di-tert-butyl-diperoxyoxalat erzeugt und ESR-spektroskopisch vermessen. Beim Erhitzen von 1c, 1d und 2, nicht aber vom Methylderivat 1a, treten die Signale der zugehörigen Methyle 8 auf. Um zu entscheiden, ob diese Radikale durch C — C-Dissoziation nach (a) in Schema 1 oder über eine primäre S — C-Dissoziation nach (b)/(b2) entstehen, wurden Kreuzungsversuche und Pyrolysen durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, daß C — C-Spaltungen bei der Thermolyse der Ethane 1 und 2 nicht direkt [Weg (a) von Schema 1], sondern auf der Stufe der nach (b) entstandenen Ethyl-Radikale eintreten.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 113 (1980), S. 289-301 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The Oxidation of Hexathioethanes to Tetrathioethene Radical CationsThe oxidation of hexakis(alkylthio)ethanes (RS)3C — C(SR)3 by AlCl3/H2CCl2, NOBF4, or I2 yields tetrakis(alkylthio)ethene radical cations (RS)2Ċ=⊕C(SR)2. The dark violet tetrahydrotetrathiafulvalenium triiodide 1 · I3 (n = 2) has been obtained as a crystalline solid. Other derivatives such as the dibenzotetrathiafulvalene (2) and the quinodimethane (4) radical cations have been characterized by ESR spectroscopy in solution: The coupling constants and the g values reveal that the spin density accumulates preferentially at the S centers. The alkyl proton coupling is rationalized advantageously by angle-independent spin polarization. For tetrathiafulvalene, geometry-optimized MNDO calculations predict a lengthening of the central C = C bond on oxidation and the positive charge centered predominantly at sulfur.
    Notes: Die Oxidation von Hexakis(alkylthio)ethanen (RS)3C — C(SR)3 mit AlCl3/H2CCl2, NOBF4 oder I2 führt zu Tetrakis(alkylthio)ethen-Radikalionen (RS)2Ċ=⊕C(SR)2. Das schwarzviolette Tetrahydrotetrathiafulvalenium-triiodid 1 · I3 (n = 2) konnte in Substanz isoliert werden. Weitere Derivate wie das Dibenzotetrathiafulvalen- (2) und das Chinodimethan-(4)-Radikalion werden in Lösung ESR-spektroskopisch charakterisiert: Aus den Kopplungskonstanten und g-Faktoren folgt, daß sich die Spindichte überwiegend an den S-Zentren befindet. Die Alkylprotonen-Kopplungen lassen sich vorteilhaft mit winkelunabhängiger Spinpolarisation beschreiben. Für Tetrathiafulvalen ergeben geometrieoptimierte open-shell-MNDO-Berechnungen, daß sich die zentrale C = C-Bindung bei Oxidation verlängern, und daß die positive Ladung überwiegend am Schwefel zentriert sein sollte.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1980 (1980), S. 1507-1511 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis of 2,6,7,11b-Tetrahydro-1 H-dibenzo[c,d,h]azulene and Some DerivativesHerrn Prof. Dr. M. Seefelder zum 60. Geburtstag gewidmet.The title compound 10 is obtained by reduction of the ketone 9. Compound 10 is deprotonated by butyllithium and reacted with halogenoalkylamines to yield compounds 5, which may possess CNS-activity.
    Notes: Durch Reduktion des Ketons 9 wird die Titelverbindung 10 erhalten. Diese wird mit Butyllithium zu 11 deprotoniert und mit Halogenalkylaminen zu potentiell ZNS-aktiven Derivaten 5 umgesetzt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: CH-Acidity in α-position to the N-Atom of N, N-Dialkylamides with Sterically Protected Carbonyl Groups Contribution to the Nucleophilic Amino AlkylationSterically protected amides 1 such as the 2,4,6-triisopropyl-benzoic acid derivatives 3, 8b and 10 undergo readily H/Li-exchange with s-butyllithium at the CH3N- or CH2N-groups. The resulting organolithium compounds (cf. 9, 11) are alkylated and hydroxyalkylated with primary haloalkanes, aldehydes, and ketones under chain elongation in the amine position of the amides. The (E/Z)-rotamers of the dialkylamides 7 and 8are separated by chromatography; the amides 4-6, 12, and 13 formally derived from β-hydroxyamines are obtained in the (Z)-form only. The configurational (E/Z)-assignments follow from NMR. and IR. data. The erythro and threo configuration of the two diastereomeric amides 12a and 12b are tentatively concluded from Eu(fod)3-1H-NMR.-shift experiments. The results strongly suggest that the H/Li-exchange takes place regioselectively at the CH—N group which is in cis-position to the C=O double bond (→14). The methyl 2,4,6-tri(t-butyl)benzoate (18) can also be deprotonated to the lithium acyloxymethanide 19 which is trapped by alkylation with 1-iodooctane (→20). - The steric protection of the carbonyl groups in the products 4-8, 10, 12, 13, and 20 prevents their ready hydrolysis to amines and alcohols, respectively. Therefore, triphenylacetic acid derivatives 21 rather than 2,4,6-triisopropylbenzoic acid derivatives for use in the electrophilic substitution of equation (1) are recommended. The trityl group in 21 may be considered a C-leaving-group (C—C protective group, cf. 22, 23). The acetamide 25 reacts readily (→26) and then with electrophiles to give products 27a-c. As shown in the Table, the amides 27 are cleaved under a variety of conditions with formation of triphenylmethane. LiAlH4 produces a tertiary amine, CH3Li a secondary amine, and dissolving alkali metals/naphthalene under aprotic conditions mixtures of secondary amine and its formamide (hydrolysed by acid treatment). Thus the overall process (2) is feasible.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 60 (1977), S. 1459-1471 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Of the isoelectronic 6-electron systems 1a, 1b, 1c (Table 1) the deprotonated amides 2 might be useful derivatives for amine acidification (eq. (1)) if the carbonyl group is sterically protected as shown in 3. The tetrasubstituted succinimides 4, 5, 7, 8 and 9 (diacylamines) undergo the reactions (b), (c) and (d) of Scheme 1 with various bases. Besides deprotonation, the ‘self addition’ to give dimers 4b, 5b, 8b and 9b is the most prominent transformation (Table 2). Only in 9 is the steric hindrance to carbonyl addition large enough to get the lithiomethyl-succinimides 9c in 80% yield (sec.BuLi/THF/HMPT/-100°) as evidenced by derivatization with alkyl halides, aldehyde, ketones, methyl benzoate, and chloro trimethylsilane (→9d - 9j, Table 3). The possible structures and bonding descriptions for 9c which ‘decomposes’ above -40° are discussed; the acidity of the precursor 9 is shown by equilibration studies to be comparable with that of diphenylmethane.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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