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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Disturbed smooth pursuit and saccadic eye movements in schizophrenia (1982)
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 232 (1982), S. 381-389 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Eye movements ; Schizophrenia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Smooth pursuit and saccadic eye movements of schizophrenic patients were examined. In a pendulum (0.5 Hz) tracking task schizophrenic inpatients had a slightly lower smooth pursuit gain than outpatients and controls, who showed no significant differences. The number of saccades, counter-saccades and velocity arrests occuring in a 20 s tracking epoque was the same in patients and controls, but patients made larger saccades. When tracking a stepping target by saccadic eye movements, schizophrenic inpatients, and to a lesser extent outpatients, exhibited longer reaction times than controls and had a higher incidence of “non-fixation” (saccades away from the target while the target is stationary). Schizophrenic patients also showed a significantly larger proportion of dysmetric saccades (undershooting the target). While similar changes of reaction time and non-fixation score were observed in manic-depressives and alcoholics, dysmetria was more often found in schizophrenics and possibly constitutes the expression of a specific impairment of attention.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00345594
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of amitriptyline on serum glutamate and free tryptophan in rats (1982)
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 232 (1982), S. 391-394 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Serum glutamate ; Free tryptophan ; Amitriptyline ; Depression ; Serum-Glutamat ; freies Tryptophan ; Amitriptylin ; Depression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die chronische Gabe von Amitriptylin (2 Wochen, 10 mg/ kg, i.p.) führte zu einer signifikanten Zunahme von Glutamat und freiem Tryptophan im Serum von Ratten. Dagegen hatte Amitriptylin eine Wirkung weder auf das Gesamttryptophan im Serum noch auf den Glutamatgehalt des Liquors. Diese Ergebnisse bestätigen die Hypothese, daß Antidepressiva für die Zunahme des Serumglutamats bei Depressiven verantwortlich sind.
    Notes: Summary In rats, chronic amitriptyline (14 days, 10 mg/kg, IP) administration resulted in a significant increase in the serum glutamate concentration and concomitant increase in the serum free tryptophan. In contrast, amitriptyline had no effect on the total serum tryptophan or CSF glutamate level. The data confirmed that antidepressant drugs may induce an increase of the serum glutamate concentration in depressive patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00345595
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reduction of cerebrospinal fluid glutamic acid in huntington's chorea and in schizophrenic patients (1980)
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 228 (1980), S. 7-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Huntington's chorea ; Schizophrenia ; Glutamic acid ; Cerebrospinal fluid ; Neuroleptic therapy ; Huntington-Chorea ; Schizophrenie ; Glutaminsäure ; Liquor ; Neuroleptische Behandlung
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Im Liquor von drei Patienten-Gruppen mit Huntington-Chorea, Schizophrenie und Bandscheibenvorfällen wurde der Glutaminsäuregehalt bestimmt. Im Liquor der Huntington-Patienten und der Schizophrenen war die Glutaminsäure fast auf die Hälfte erniedrigt im Vergleich zu den Kontrollen mit Bandscheibenvorfällen. Der Glutaminsäuregehalt des Blutserums war bei allen drei Gruppen gleich hoch. Die meisten Huntington- und Schizophrenie-Patienten standen unter neuroleptischer Behandlung, nur eine Tochter eines Huntington-Patienten, bei der die Krankheit noch nicht manifest war, zeigte ebenfalls eine Glutaminsäureverminderung im Liquor. Da diese Patientin keine neuroleptischen Medikamente erhielt, ist es wahrscheinlicher, daß die Glutaminsäureverminderung durch die Erkrankung und nicht durch die neuroleptische Behandlung verursacht ist.
    Notes: Summary Glutamic acid levels were investigated in the cerebrospinal fluid and blood serum of patients with schizophrenia, Huntington's chorea, and sciatic nerve compression by lumbar disc protrusion. In the serum the glutamic acid levels were equal in all three groups; in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of schizophrenic and Huntington's patients, however, the glutamic acid was decreased to almost half that of the lumbar disc group which served as control. Most of the patients were treated with neuroleptic drugs. However, since in one case (the daughter of a Huntington's patient) the CSF glutamic acid was decreased although this woman had had no neuroleptic treatment, it seems more likely that the glutamic acid decrease is due to the disease rather than to the neuroleptic treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00365738
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interactions of moclobemide with concomitantly administered medication: evidence from pharmacological and clinical studies (1992)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 106 (1992), S. S24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Moclobemide ; Interactions ; Pharmacokinetics ; Pharmacological data
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Interactions may occur on pharmacological or pharmacokinetic grounds. Both types of interactions are discussed in relationship with the pharmacological and pharmacokinetic data of moclobemide, a reversible MAO-inhibitor. A variety of interaction studies either designed more specifically as kinetic or as dynamic studies have been performed with moclobemide. The results of these studies are presented. In view of these results as well as in view of data stemming from clinical trials it can be concluded that apart from interactions with cimetidine and pethidine, moclobemide has been shown to be devoid of relevant interactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02246229
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased serum glutamate in depressed patients (1982)
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 232 (1982), S. 299-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Serum glutamate ; Endogenous depression ; Neurotic depression ; Antidepressants ; Serum-Glutamat ; endogene Depression ; neurotische Depression ; Antidepressiva
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Der Serum-Glutamatgehalt wurde bei endogen depressiven, neurotisch depressiven, schizophrenen und schizoaffektiven Patienten sowie gesunden Kontrollpersonen bestimmt. Hierbei zeigte sich, daß die Serumglutamatspiegel bei endogen und neurotisch Depressiven signifikant höher waren als bei den anderen Gruppen. Zwischen schizophrenen und schizoaffektiven Patienten sowie Kontrollen zeigten sich dagegen keine signifikanten Unterschiede. Die weitere Analyse der Daten erbrachte die Hypothese, daß die erhöhten Serum-Glutamat-Konzentrationen bei endogen und neurotisch Depressiven eine Folge der antidepressiven Medikation sind. Diese Ergebnisse werden im Hinblick auf die Wirkung der Antidepressiva auf das Serum-Glutamat bei affektiven Störungen diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary Glutamate concentration was determined in serum from endogenous and neurotic depressive patients, in persons with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, and in normal subjects. The mean serum glutamate level in the endogenous and neurotic depressive patients was found to be significantly higher than in any of the other groups. No other statistically significant differences were found. Statistical analysis revealed that the elevated serum glutamate concentration in the endogenous and neurotic depressive patients was probably caused by medication. These results are discussed in view of the effect of antidepressants upon the serum glutamate in the affective disorders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00345492
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Levels of total and free tryptophan in the plasma of endogenous and neurotic depressives (1981)
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 231 (1981), S. 35-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Total tryptophan ; Free tryptophan ; Endogenous depression ; Neurotic depression ; Gesamt- und freies Tryptophan ; Endogene Depression ; Neurotische Depression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Gesamt- und freies Tryptophan wurde im Plasma von 34 endogen Depressiven, 20 neurotisch Depressiven und 25 gesunden Kontrollpersonen bestimmt. Während beim Gesamttryptophan kein Unterschied zwischen den drei Gruppen festgestellt werden konnte, war das freie Tryptophan bei endogen Depressiven und neurotisch Depressiven signifikant erniedrigt. Zwischen endogen und neurotisch Depressiven fand sich kein Unterschied.
    Notes: Summary The levels of total and free tryptophan were determined in the plasma of 34 endogenous depressives, 20 neurotic depressives and 25 healthy volunteers. Whilst the levels of total tryptophan were not different in the three groups, the level of free tryptophan was reduced in both endogenous and neurotic depressives. No difference could be found between endogenous and neurotic depressives.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00342828
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