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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of organic chemistry 60 (1995), S. 4978-4979 
    ISSN: 1520-6904
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 9 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: An important step in the processing of visual patterns is the segmentation of the retinal image. Neuronal responses evoked by the contours of individual objects need to be identified and associated for further joint processing. These grouping operations are based on a number of Gestalt criteria. Here we report that connections in the visual cortex of the cat exhibit a highly significant anisotropy, preferentially linking neurons activated by contours that have similar orientation and are aligned colinearly. These anatomical data suggest a close relation between the perceptual grouping criterion of colinearity and the topology of tangential intracortical connections. We propose that tangential intracortical connections support perceptual grouping by modulating the saliency of distributed cortical responses in a context-dependent way. The present data are compatible with the hypothesis that the criteria for this grouping operation are determined by the architecture of the tangential connections.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In the primary visual cortex of strabismic cats, the elimination of correlated activity between the two eyes enhances the segregation of the geniculocortical afferents into alternating ocular dominance domains. In addition, both tangential intracortical fibres and neuronal synchronization are severely reduced between neurons activated by different eyes. Consequently, ocular dominance columns belonging to different eyes are functionally rather independent. We wondered whether this would also affect the organization of orientation preference maps. To this end, we visualized the functional architecture of area 17 of strabismic cats with both optical imaging based on intrinsic signals and double labelling of orientation and ocular dominance columns with [14C]2-deoxyglucose and [3H]proline. As expected, monocular iso-orientation domains had a patchy appearance and differed for the two eyes, leading to a clear segregation of the ocular dominance domains. Comparison of ‘angle maps' revealed that orientation domains exhibit a pinwheel organization as in normally reared cats. Interestingly, the map of orientation preferences did not show any breaks at the borders between ocular dominance columns: iso-orientation domains were continuous across these borders. In addition, iso-orientation contours tended to cross the borders of adjacent ocular dominance columns at right angles. These data suggest that the basic relations between the layout of orientation maps and ocular dominance columns are not disturbed by artificial decorrelation of binocular input. Therefore in cat area 17, the orientation map does not seem to be modified by experience-dependent changes of thalamic input connections. This suggests the possibility that use-dependent rearrangement of geniculocortical afferents into ocular dominance columns is due to Hebbian modifications whereby postsynaptic responsivity is constrained by the scaffold of the orientation map.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter: Juvenile Dermatomyositis – Steroidresistente Myopathie – Hochdosierte Gammaglobulintherapie ; Key words: Juvenile dermatomyositis – Steroid-resistant myopathy – High-dose therapy with gammaglobulin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract. In the last few years high-dose intravenous therapy with gammaglobulin in juvenile dermatomyositis with steroid resistant myopathy has been discussed as an alternative to cytostatic therapy. The 12-year-old Filipinogirl suffered from dermatomyositis with pronounced weakness of the limbs and masticatory muscles; creatinine-kinase was increased 22-fold. After 5 weeks of therapy with prednisolone (1.5 mg/kg body weight/daily), the creatinine kinase decreased to sixfold of its standard value; the muscular weakness, however, progressed to almost complete paralysis of the scapular abductors and rotators and the coxofemoral flectors and rotators. Additional therapy with gammaglobulin at a dose of 1 g/kg body weight on two consecutive days at 4-week intervals led to complete restoration of muscular strength, normalization of muscle enzymes, and stabilization of these results after 12 courses of gammaglobulin and discontinuation of the steroid medication after 8 courses. This observation suggests that high-dose intravenous application of gammaglobulin represents an efficient therapy with minimal side effects in steroid-resistant juvenile dermatomyositis.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung. Bei der juvenilen Dermatomyositis mit steroidresistenter Myopathie wird in jüngster Zeit als Alternative zur Zytostatikatherapie die hochdosierte, intravenöse Stoßtherapie mit Gammaglobulinen diskutiert. Bei einer 12jährigen Philippinin bestand eine Dermatomyositis mit ausgeprägter Schwäche von Extremitäten- und Kaumuskulatur sowie einer 22fachen CK-Erhöhung. Nach fünfwöchiger Prednisolontherapie (1,5 mg/kg KG/d) Abfall der Kreatininkinase auf das sechsfache der Norm, jedoch Progredienz der Muskelschwäche mit fast vollständiger Parese der Schulterabduktoren, Schulterrotatoren, Hüftbeuger und Hüftrotatoren. Unter der zusätzlichen Gammaglobulintherapie in einer Dosierung von 1 g/kg KG an je zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Tagen in vierwöchentlichen Intervallen Wiedererlangen der vollen Muskelkraft, Normalisierung der Muskelenzyme und Stabilität dieses Befundes nach insgesamt 12 Zyklen Gammaglobulin und Absetzen der Steroidmedikation nach dem 8. Zyklus. Möglicherweise stellt der hochdosierte intravenöse Einsatz von Gammaglobulinen eine nebenwirkungsarme und effiziente Therapie der steroidresistenten, juvenilen Dermatomyositis dar.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) and the Angelman syndrome (AS) are distinct genetic disorders that are caused by a deletion of chromosome region 15q11-13 or by uniparental disomy for chromosome 15. Whereas PWS results from the absence of a paternal copy of 15q11-13, the absence of a maternal copy of 15q11-13 leads to AS. We have found that an MspI/HpaII restriction site at the D15S63 locus in 15q11-13 is methylated on the maternally derived chromosome, but unmethylated on the paternally derived chromosome. Based on this difference, we have devised a rapid diagnostic test for patients suspected of having PWS and AS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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