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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CIRCULATING Na+/K+-ATPase INHIBITORS: EFFECTS OF NEUROPEPTIDES, VOLUME EXPANSION AND SALT LOADING IN CONSCIOUS RATS (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 24 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. In mammalian plasma, many different inhibitors of Na+/K+-ATPase are present, but it is not clear whether their net effect on Na+/K+-ATPase activity changes during the regulation of electrolyte and fluid balance. We studied Na+/K+-ATPase inhibition by plasma extracts in conscious rats during short-and long-term body fluid regulation.2. Male, adult, conscious, freely moving Wistar rats were subjected to one of the following protocols: (i) intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injections of angiotensin II (Angll; 1, 10 and 100 ng), the Angll receptor antagonist losartan (1μg), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP-III; 1μg) or isotonic saline (IS); (ii) intra-arterial (i.a.) injections of IS (6 or 10 mL), hypertonic saline (HS; 1.2% NaCl, 5 mL) or hypertonic plasma expander (HPS; 3.5% hetastarch in HS, 5mL); or (iii) a low salt-high salt-low salt diet sequence (0.18/1.8/0.18% NaCl chow for S days each with controls receiving 0.18% NaCl on all days). Bodyweight, the intake of food and water, urine volume and Na+ concentration and weight of faeces were determined daily. Plasma samples were withdrawn repeatedly throughout the respective protocols, extracted on C18-reversed phase columns and assayed for their effect on the activity of different Na+/K+-ATPase preparations.3. The inhibition of rat brain Na+/K+-ATPase by plasma extracts was not significantly changed by i.c.v. injection of Angll, losartan, ANP-III and IS within the observation period (30 min from respective stimuli). Similarly, no significant changes occurred after acute volume expansion by i.a. injection of IS or HS within 120 min; upon HPS, however, Na+/K+-ATPase inhibition was decreased by approximately 20% (P〈0.05), probably due to passive dilution. During the high-salt diet, fluid retention was effectively counteracted by an adaptive increase of urinary sodium excretion. Throughout the protocol, inhibition of pig brain Na+/K+-ATPase by plasma extracts did not differ significantly between groups.4. It is concluded from these results that the short- or long-term control of body fluids in conscious rats is not associated with systematic changes in Na+/K+-ATPase inhibition by plasma factors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1997.tb01795.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stability of implicit Runge-Kutta methods for nonlinear stiff differential equations (1988)
    Springer
    BIT 28 (1988), S. 884-897 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9125
    Keywords: 65L20
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Under the assumption that an implicit Runge-Kutta method satisfies a certain stability estimate for linear systems with constant coefficientsl 2-stability for nonlinear systems is proved. This assumption is weaker than algebraic stability since it is satisfied for many methods which are not evenA-stable. Some local smoothness in the right hand side of the differential equation is needed, but it may have a Jacobian and higher derivatives with large norms. The result is applied to a system derived from a strongly nonlinear parabolic equation by the “method of lines”.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01954908
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Norm bounds for rational matrix functions (1983)
    Springer
    Numerische Mathematik 42 (1983), S. 379-389 
    Details
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: AMS(MOS): 65L20 ; 15A60 ; 65M20 ; CR: 5.17
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary If the field of values of a matrixA is contained in the left complex halfplaneH and a functionf mapsH into the unit disc then ∥f(A)∥2≦1 by a theorem of J.v. Neumann. We prove a theorem of this type, only the field of values ofA is used for functions which are absolutely bounded by one in only part ofH. An extension can be used to show norm-stability of single step methods for stiff differential equations. The results are applicable among others to several subdiagonal Padé approximations which are notA-stable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01389581
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A clinical and immunological study on 92 workers occupationally exposed to anhydrides (1995)
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 67 (1995), S. 395-403 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Anhydrides ; Occupational asthma ; Specific IgE antibodies ; Skin tests ; Haemorrhagic rhinitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study aimed at investigating sensitizing and hazardous effects of a new acid anhydride, pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA), in addition to those of phthalic anhydride, maleic anhydride and trimellitic anhydride, in a group of 92 exposed workers in two German chemical plants. Of the 92 workers, 56 reported work-related complaints with a predominance of phlegm and dyspnoea in those exposed to anhydride dust for less than 1 year. Haemorrhagic rhinitis occurred only after a prolonged exposure of more than 15 years. Specific IgE antibodies to anhydride-HSA conjugates could be detected in 15 exposed subjects, 12 of whom had work-related symptoms. The IgE-positive group had significantly more impaired lung function parameters than the IgE-negative group. The proportion of IgE-positive subjects was highest in the groups with dyspnoea (5/18), cough (6/24) and rhinitis (11/44) whereas only 1 of 11 workers with haemorrhagic rhinitis had such antibodies. A follow-up study of 23 affected workers was performed after 10 months to assess clinical symptoms, lung function and IgE antibody levels. This follow-up study showed the absence of obstructive ventilation patterns in three out of six subjects in addition to cessation of symptoms in most initially affected workers who were no longer exposed. On the other hand, 14 workers under continuous exposure had comparable pathological findings on re-examination. Our results confirm that anhydrides including the lesser known PMDA, behave as respiratory irritants and as immediate-type sensitizers. They predominantly induced reversible symptoms in workers whose exposure stopped after a working period of about 0.7 years. Abnormal lung function parameters normalized in nearly 50% of these subjects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00381052
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemie der Amino-oxime, XIII. 3,6-Dihydro-2(1H)-pyrazinon-4-oxide (1981)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 114 (1981), S. 2536-2541 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The Chemistry of Amino Oximes, XIII. 3,6-Dihydro-2(1H)-pyrazinone 4-OxidesThe 3,6-Dihydro-2(1H)-pyrazinone 4-oxides 3a-c were prepared by cyclisation of anti-α-(chloroacetylamino)ketoximes 2a-c. From 3 with PCl3 the 3,6-Dihydro-2(1H)-pyrazinones 5a and b were formed. Cycloaddition of 3 with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate yields the 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-6-oxo-3aH-isoxazolo[2,3-a]pyrazines 6a-c, which tautomerise to the enols, anti-1-(Chloroacetylamino)-1-phenyl-2-propanone oxime (2d) cyclises to 5-methyl-6-phenyl-2(1H) pyrazinone (4d).
    Notes: Die 3,6-Dihydro-2(1H)-pyrazinon-4-oxide 3a-c wurden durch Ringschluß der anti-α-(Chloracetylamino)ketoxime 2a-c erhalten. Mit PCl3 entstehen aus 3 die 3,6-Dihydro-2(1H)-pyrazinone 5a und b und durch Cycloaddition mit Acetylendicarbonsäure-dimethylester die 4,5,6,7-Tetra-hydro-6-oxo-3aH-isoxazolo[2,3-a]pyrazin-Derivate 6a-c, die zum Enol tautomerisieren. anti-1-(Chloracetylamino)-1-phenyl-2-propanon-oxim (2d) cyclisiert zu 5-Methyl-6-phenyl-2(1H)-pyrazinon (4d).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19811140718
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