ISSN:
1439-0361
Source:
Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
Topics:
Biology
Description / Table of Contents:
Summary In June 1980, 82 black-headed gull chicks from two regions, the Isle of Wangerooge in the North Sea and the Federsee in southwest Germany, were sampled and examined for parasites. Salmonella spp., hematozoa and parasitic intestinal protozoa could not be found in any of the birds. Based on their stomach contents, the chicks at the Federsee had been fed almost exclusively with earthworms and insects. Eight species of helminths were found in these birds. The trematodePlagiorchis laricola, found in 30 (73%) of 41 chicks, and the cestodeParicterotaenia porosa, found in 31 (76%) of 41 chicks, were the most common helminths observed. Three species of feather mites (Analgoidea) and three species of biting lice (Mallophaga) were present. The stomach contents of the coastal chicks consisted of bivalves, snails, polychaetes, crustaceans and fishes from the Wadden Sea, as well as insects. 29 species of helminths were found, the following ones occuring in more than 40% of the chicks:Gymnophallus choledochus, Himasthla spp.,Microphallus primas, Cryptocotyle concava, C. lingua, Hymenolepis cirrosa, Contracaecum variegatum, Cosmocephalus sp. The ectoparasites consisted of one species of feather mites (Alloptes sp.) and one species of biting lice (Saemundssonia lari). In addition to these two ectoparasites, the chicks of both sites had three helminths in common: the nematodePorrocaecum ensicaudatum was found in 15 (37%) of 41 chicks from the Federsee and in 9 (22%) of 41 chicks from Wangerooge, whilePlagiorchis laricola andParicterotaenia porosa were each found in one of the Wangerooge chicks, respectively. Both,Paricterotaenia porosa andPorrocaecum ensicaudatum, use earthworms as intermediate hosts, whereasPlagiorchis laricola uses mosquito larvae. All of these intermediate hosts are readily available at both sites. About 90% of the Federsee chicks and 98% of the chicks from the coast were infected. Parasites were observed in birds as young as two days of age.
Notes:
Zusammenfassung Im Juni 1980 wurden am Federsee und auf Wangerooge je 41 Lachmöwenküken auf Parasiten untersucht. Salmonellen und Protozoen des Blutes oder der Organe konnten nicht nachgewiesen werden. Nach Analysen des Mageninhaltes der Küken am Federsee wurden dort fast nur Regenwürmer und Insekten gefüttert. Dementsprechend bestand die Endoparasitenfauna nur aus 8 Helminthenarten, von denen der TrematodePlagiorchis laricola (in 30 von 41 Küken =73%) und der CestodeParicterotaenia porosa (in 31 von 41 Küken =76%) dominierten. Federmilben (Analgoidea) und Mallophagen waren mit je drei Arten vertreten. Der Mageninhalt der Küken an der Nordseeküste setzte sich aus vielen verschiedenen Tieren des Wattes (Muscheln, Schnecken, Polychaeten, Krebse, Fische) und Insekten zusammen. Folglich wurden 29 Helminthenarten (13 Trematoden, 7 Cestoden, 6 Nematoden, 3 Acanthocephalen) gefunden. Davon traten in mehr als 40% der Küken auf:Gymnophallus choledochus, Himasthla spp.,Microphallus primas, Cryptocotyle concava, C. lingua, Hymenolepis cirrosa, Contracaecum variegatum, Cosmocephalus sp. Die Ektoparasiten bestanden aus einer Federmilbenart (Alloptes sp.) und einer Mallophagenart(Saemundssonia lari). Neben diesen beiden Ektoparasiten traten drei Helminthenarten in beiden Untersuchungsgebieten auf: Der NematodePorrocaecum ensicaudatum in 15 (37%) von 41 Küken am Federsee und in 9 (22%) von 41 Wangerooger Küken,Plagiorchis laricola undParicterotaenia porosa in je einem Küken auf Wangerooge. Die Zwischenwirte des Nematoden und des Cestoden sind Regenwürmer, die des Trematoden Mükkenlarven. In beiden Biotopen dienten diese Tiere als Nahrung. Das Ausmaß des Befalls betrug im Binnenland 90%, an der Küste 98%. Parasiten wurden bereits vom zweiten Lebenstag an festgestellt.
Type of Medium:
Electronic Resource
URL:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01644147
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