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  • 1
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 105 (1983), S. 2980-2984 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of organic chemistry 47 (1982), S. 1979-1980 
    ISSN: 1520-6904
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 16 (1987), S. 607-611 
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Hip, ultrasonography studies ; Hip, arthritis ; Ultrasound, comparative studies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In order to evaluate ultrasonography in patients with suspected hip joint effusions, 123 consecutive patients were examined prospectively. Twenty healthy subjects were used as a control group. The normal sonoanatomy, the recommended scanning approach, and the diagnostic features of intra-articular joint effusions are presented. Even minor fluid collections of 1 or 2 ml could be accurately detected. Transient synovitis and fresh hemorrhagic effusions proved to be echofree, whereas clotted hemorrhagic collections or septic arthritis showed non-echofree effusions. Based on intraoperative and computed tomography (CT) data, ultrasonography is clearly superior to X-ray films in detecting joint effusions. A negative sonogram will exclude a fluid collection; the depiction of an echofree effusion with virtually rule out septic arthritis. The use of additional imaging techniques can be reduced greatly, as ultrasonography seems to be an improved method for the early diagnosis of septic arthritis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal for general philosophy of science 30 (1999), S. 365-378 
    ISSN: 1572-8587
    Keywords: Kant ; theory and experiment ; hermeneutics ; realism/anti-realism debate ; Bezugnahme
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Philosophy , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract Representing and Reconstructing: A Hermeneutical Reply to Ian Hacking. Hacking published in 1983 Representing and Intervening which has provoked, particularly in the US, the so called realism/anti-realism debate which is still alive today. He lays claim to anti-realism for theory and to realism for the experiment. Following him, only that which can be used for manipulating something (e.g., the path of an electon) is realistic. H. Putnam is a severe critic of this dualism. In my paper I am going to take the Hacking-Putnam controversy as a starting-point for the problem about the determination of the relation between theory and experiment in the natural sciences. I shall then follow M. Schlick's discussion of this problem and the current solution to the problem as offered by H. Pietschmann. The differing interpretation of Kant according to the three perspectives shall be the guideline for the argumentation. The goal of my argumentation is that theory and experiment do not live their own lives, that in experimenting one always continues traditional chains of action, and that natural science cannot be regarded independently of the life world it takes place in. This insight into the representing and reconstructing overturns in natural science, due to the necessity of human decisions, opens up their hermeneutical dimension.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 176 (1979), S. 411-415 
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The role of mitochondrial protein synthesis, electron transport, and four specific mitochondrial gene products on sporulation were studied in respiratory deficient mit - mutants. These mutants were isolated in an op1 strain and localized on the mitochondrial genome by petite deletion mapping. All 153 mutations studied could be assigned to the four mitochondrial regions OXI1, OXI2, OXI3 and COB, known to affect cytochrome c oxidase and cytochrome b. The specific loss of one mitochondrially translated polypeptide was found in some mutants of each locus: OXI1—cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2, OXI2 — subunit 3, OXI3 — subunit 1, and COB — cytochrome b. The ability of diploid mit - mutants to sporulate was systematically investigated. About one third of the mutants, representing three loci, were incapable of forming spores. All other cultures produced either respiratory competent mit + tetrads, both mit + and mit - tetrads, or only mit - tetrads. Mutants forming mit - tetrads mapped in all four loci. These results demonstrate that in contrast to petite mutants some mit - mutants have retained the ability to perform meiosis and sporulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biologie in unserer Zeit 14 (1984), S. 13-19 
    ISSN: 0045-205X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 96 (1984), S. 494-495 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1616-7228
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Submarine cables are to be laid in the Baltic Sea and North Sea for the transmission over great distances of megawatts of electric power (in this case about 600 MW) by means of direct current (about 1300 A). The electric current in such cables causes large deflections of the magnetic compasses on nearby ships. The deflection depends on the current intensity, the water depth, the height of the compass on board ship, the lateral distance between the ship and the cable, the direction of the cable route relative to the horizontal component of the geomagnetic field and that component's strength. The deflection was calculated for various points along the projected cable route. The results show that deflection values up to 70° occur. These values rapidly decrease with increasing lateral distance from the cable (typically to 1° at a lateral distance of 100 m). The ship's track is calculated for situations when a helmsman—in thick weather and forced to rely solely on the magnetic compass — steers a set course and the ship comes into the cable's disturbance range. It was found that on a set course and the ship comes about a right angle to the cable, the ship crosses the cable and proceeds on its original course parallel to its original track with a shift of about 40 m or more. If the set course is in an angular range that is more or less parallel to the cable (i. e. if the angle between the set course and the cable is less than the maximum deflection angle), the ship is “captured” by the cable, i. e. it deviates from its original course and “follows” the cable. It is evident that such deviations do not only occur while the vessel crosses the cable and then disappear but that they also have lasting effects in the form of shift or “capture”. To investigate the extent to which ship dynamics influence these values, which were first calculated quasi-statically, the parallel shift and the conditions causing “capture” were investigated for various set courses, ship speeds and ship time constants using equipment simulating the ship's movement at sea. To this end, use was made of simulation equipment that is normally employed in autopilot testing in the Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency (BSH). It was found that the quasi-statically calculated values were obtained in the simulation for speeds up to 10 kn and ship time constants up to 10 s (these are approximately the values of the RVGauss). A noticeable reduction in the values of the parallel shift and the set course range in which the ship is “captured” is found only in the case of greater ship speeds and/or larger ships. Measurements at sea south of Gothenburg in the vicinity of a cable already in operation confirmed the accuracy of the calculations and simulations. Track deviations can be the cause of collisions. It is therefore essential that shipping should be adequately informed about the risks, for instance through pilot books, Notices to Mariners and conspicuous entries in nautical charts. Such deflections can be greatly reduced if two cables are laid: one conducting the outgoing, the other the returning current. They should be laid a short distance apart (e. g. 3 m). For economic reasons, it is planned to lay two cables only along a short part of the projected route.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Zur Übertragung hoher elektrischer Leistungen (z. B. 600 MW) über große Entfernungen mit Hilfe von Gleichstrom (über 1300 A) sollen Kabel auf dem Meeresboden der Ostsee und der Nordsee verlegt werden. Der elektrische Strom ruft in der Nähe des Kabels erhebliche Ablenkungen des Magnetkompasses hervor. Diese hängen ab von der Stromstärke, der Wassertiefe, der Höhe des Kompasses im Schiff, dem seitlichen Abstand des Schiffes vom Kabel, der Richtung der Kabeltrasse im Erdfeld und der Erdfeldstärke. Die Ablenkungen wurden für verschiedene Punkte einer geplanten Kabeltrasse berechnet. Dabei ergaben sich Werte bis zu 70°, die mit seitlichem Abstand vom Kabel schnell abnehmen, bei 100 m (typisch) etwa auf 1°. Es wurden die Bahnen berechnet, auf denen ein Schiff fährt, wenn der Rudergänger — bei unsichtigem Wetter und nur auf den Magnetkompaß angewiesen—einen vorgegebenen Sollkurs steuert und in den Störbereich des Kabels gerät. Dabei ergab sich, daß bei Sollkursen in einem Winkelbereich etwa senkrecht zum Kabel das Schiff das Kabel kreuzt und anschließend auf dem Sollkurs mit einem Querversatz von typisch 40 m (und mehr) gegenüber der ursprünglichen Bahn weiterfährt. Liegt der Sollkurs in einem Winkelbereich etwa parallel zum Kabel (Abweichung des Sollkurses von der Kabelrichtung bis zu einem Winkel, der dem maximalen Ablenkungswinkel gleich ist), dann wird das Schiff vom Kabel „eingefangen”, d.h. es verläßt seinen ursprünglichen Kurs und „folgt” dem Kabel. Man erkennt daraus, daß diese Abweichungen nicht nur während des Überquerens auftreten und dann wieder verschwinden, sondern durch Querversatz und Einfangen auch nachhaltige Wirkungen haben. Zur Untersuchung der Frage, inwieweit die Schiffsdynamik diese zunächst quasistatisch berechneten Werte ändert, wurden mit einer im Selbststeuerlabor des Bundesamtes für Seeschiffahrt und Hydrographie vorhandenen Simulationsanlage die Querversatzwerte und das Einfangverhalten für verschiedene Sollkurse, Schiffsgeschwindigkeiten und Schiffszeitkonstanten untersucht. Dabei ergab sich, daß man bei Schiffsgeschwindigkeiten bis zu 10 kn und Schiffszeitkonstanten bis zu 10 s die quasistatisch berechneten Werte erhält. Erst bei größeren Schiffsgeschwindigkeiten und/oder größeren Schiffen ergibt sich eine merkliche Verringerung der Werte für den Querversatz und den Sollkursbereich, aus dem heraus das Schiff „eingefangen” wird. Messungen südlich von Göteborg, im Bereich eines bereits in Betrieb befindlichen Kabels, bestätigten die Richtigkeit der Rechnungen und Simulationen. Die Bahnabweichungen können zu Schiffskollisionen führen. Daher ist eine eingehende Information der Schiffahrt erforderlich, z.B. durch Seehandbücher, Nachrichten für Seefahrer und auffällige Einträge in die Seekarten. Bei gemeinsamer Verlegung von Hin- und Rückleiter in geringem Abstand (z. B. 3 m) werden diese Ablenkungen wesentlich geringer. Aus wirtschaftlichen Gründen ist diese Doppelkabelverlegung jedoch nur auf einem kleinen Teil der geplanten Trasse vorgesehen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 55 (1983), S. 846-850 
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Filtration problems under extreme conditions. Filtering separators belong to the high-performance separators and their significance in dust extraction techniques is increasing. They are distinguished by offering almost any desired efficiency of separation which property, on use of appropriate filter media, is also preserved under fluctuating working conditions with regard to dust content in the crude gas, size of the dust particles to be separated, and the rate of gas flow. In order to exploit these advantages also under extreme conditions of gas and dust attempts were made in recent years to extend the operating range by the development of new filter media. Among the applications deserving mention are the fly-ash collection in coal-fired power plants and the dust separation under high temperatures for new power technologies. The present state of the art and experience gained so far are presented.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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