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  • 1
    ISSN: 1573-4994
    Keywords: Pyridoxal ; pyridoxal-5′-phosphate ; Schiff base ; l-isoleucine ; fluorescence ; fast protonation in the excited state
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The present study reports on the absorption and emission properties of the Schiff bases formed by pyridoxal and pyridoxal 5′-phosphate withl-isoleucine in aqueous solutions. Species protonated at the imine and ring nitrogen are the most fluorescent in both Schiff bases with a quantum yield of 0.02, i.e., 20-fold the value found for species in alkaline solutions. In agreement with other studies, species protonated at the imine nitrogen shows an emission around 500 nm upon excitation at 415 nm. In contrast to previous observations on other PLP Schiff bases, emissions at 560 nm (PL-Ile) and 540 nm (PLP-Ile) are observed upon excitation at 365 and 415 nm, respectively. The emission at 470 nm found in PLP-Ile Schiff base upon excitation at 355 nm is ascribed to a multipolar monoprotonated species. An estimation for the pK a of the imine in the excited state ( ≈ 8.5) for both Schiff bases is also reached. Our results suggest that fast protonation reactions on the excited state are responsible for the observed fluorescence. These effects, in which the hydrogen bond and the phosphate group seem to play a role, could be extended to understanding coenzyme environments in proteins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The enol-keto tautomerism of the Schiff bases formed by pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) with ethylenediamine (Etd) and ethylamine (Et) was studied by electrochemical and spectrophotometric methods. The spectroscopic results revealed differences between the two reactions, i.e. the enolimine/ketoenamine ratio observed in PLP-Etd mixture is higher than that of PLP-Et. The differences observed in the electroreduction mechanism and stability of the Schiff bases formed provide additional evidence for an unusually high concentration of enolimine in PLP-Etd in buffered aqueous solutions.The results are consistent with a cyclic structure such as that previously proposed by Robitaille et al. [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 111, 3034-3047 (1989)] on the basis of spectroscopic data. Protonation of the terminal amino group of the Etd moiety in the Schiff base involves the formation of the cyclic species. The low basicity of ethylenediamine favours the formation of similar concentrations of the enol and keto tautomers of the Schiff base at neutral pH. This behaviour, also observed in the Schiff base formed by PLP and polylysine, may be involved in coenzyme-protein linkages.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Electrochemical and spectrophotometric studies of the pyridoxal-5′ -phosphate hexylamine Schiff base (PHSB) in strongly basic media were carried out. The equilibrium constant and rate constants of the formation and hydrolysis of the unprotonated imine from the unprotonated pyridoxal-5′ -phosphate and free amine were determined by linearscan cyclic voltammetry. The acid-base dissociation constant of the imine group was obtained by spectrophotometric measurements. Absorption bands for the free imine and the conjugate acid are characterized by a log-normal distribution. These studies are for general application to the quantitative characterization of non-enzymatic model compounds.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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