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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Numerische Mathematik 39 (1982), S. 239-245 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: AMS(MOS) ; 65F35 CR ; 5.14
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary We shall in this paper consider the problem of determination a row or column scaling of a matrixA, which minimizes the condition number ofA. This problem was studied by several authors. For the cases of the maximum norm and of the sum norm the scale problem was completely solved by Bauer [1] and Sluis [5]. The condition ofA subordinate to the pair of euclidean norms is the ratio Λ/λ, where Λ and λ are the maximal and minimal eigenvalue of (A H A)1/2 respectively. The euclidean case was considered by Forsythe and Strauss [3]. Shapiro [6] proposed some approaches to a numerical solution in this case. The main result of this paper is the presentation of necessary and sufficient conditions for optimal scaling in terms of maximizing and minimizing vectors. A uniqueness proof for the solution is offered provided some normality assumption is satisfied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 429 (2004), S. 853-857 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The magnetocaloric effect is the change in temperature of a material as a result of the alignment of its magnetic spins that occurs on exposure to an external magnetic field. The phenomenon forms the basis for magnetic refrigeration, a concept purported to be more efficient and environmentally ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
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    Unknown
    Oxford : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Music and letters. 74:2 (1993:May) 215 
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mathematical programming 81 (1998), S. 301-325 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Keywords: Two-stage stochastic programming with recourse ; Monte Carlo simulation ; Likelihood ratios ; Variance reduction techniques ; Confidence intervals ; Hypotheses testing ; Validation analysis ; Nonlinear programming
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper we consider stochastic programming problems where the objective function is given as an expected value function. We discuss Monte Carlo simulation based approaches to a numerical solution of such problems. In particular, we discuss in detail and present numerical results for two-stage stochastic programming with recourse where the random data have a continuous (multivariate normal) distribution. We think that the novelty of the numerical approach developed in this paper is twofold. First, various variance reduction techniques are applied in order to enhance the rate of convergence. Successful application of those techniques is what makes the whole approach numerically feasible. Second, a statistical inference is developed and applied to estimation of the error, validation of optimality of a calculated solution and statistically based stopping criteria for an iterative alogrithm. © 1998 The Mathematical Programming Society, Inc. Published by Elsevier Science B.V.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mathematical programming 33 (1985), S. 280-299 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Keywords: Marginal Function ; Optimal Value ; Nonlinear Programming ; Sensitivity Analysis ; Parametric Programming ; Asymptotic Distribution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper we study second-order differential properties of an optimal-value functionϕ(x). It is shown that under certain conditionsϕ(x) possesses second-order directional derivatives, which can be calculated by solving corresponding quadratic programs. Also upper and lower bounds on these derivatives are introduced under weaker assumptions. In particular we show that the second-order directional derivative is infinite if the corresponding quadratic program is unbounded. Finally sensitivity results are applied to investigate asymptotics of estimators in parametrized nonlinear programs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mathematical programming 70 (1995), S. 149-157 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Keywords: Parametric optimization ; Semi-infinite programming ; Convex programming ; Optimal value function ; Directional differentiability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, directional differentiability properties of the optimal value function of a parameterized semi-infinite programming problem are studied. It is shown that if the unperturbed semi-infinite programming problem is convex, then the corresponding optimal value function is directionally differentiable under mild regularity assumptions. A max-min formula for the directional derivatives, well-known in the finite convex case, is given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mathematical programming 47 (1990), S. 107-116 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Keywords: Stochastic programming ; sensitivity analysis ; directional derivatives ; von Mises statistical functionals ; asymptotic distribution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper optimal solutions of a stochastic programming problem are considered as functions of the underlying probability distribution. Their directional derivatives, in the sense of Gâteaux, are calculated by applying some recent results from the sensitivity analysis of nonlinear programs. These derivatives are employed as a heuristic device in order to derive the asymptotic distribution of statistical estimators of the optimal solutions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mathematical programming 67 (1994), S. 99-108 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Keywords: Stochastic programming with recourse ; Quantitative stability ; Lipschitz continuity ; Law of Iterated Logarithm ; Kolmogorov—Smirnov distance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper we study stability of optimal solutions of stochastic programming problems with fixed recourse. An upper bound for the rate of convergence is given in terms of the objective functions of the associated deterministic problems. As an example it is shown how it can be applied to derivation of the Law of Iterated Logarithm for the optimal solutions. It is also shown that in the case of simple recourse this upper bound implies upper Lipschitz continuity of the optimal solutions with respect to the Kolmogorov—Smirnov distance between the corresponding cumulative probability distribution functions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied mathematics & optimization 18 (1988), S. 215-229 
    ISSN: 1432-0606
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Given a mathematical programming problem depending on a parameter vectorx, we consider the associated optimal value (marginal) functionϕ(x) and the optimal set-valued multifunctionM(x). The aim of this paper is to investigate continuity and differentiability properties ofϕ(x) andM(x) at a pointx 0 where the corresponding setM(x 0) of optimal solutions isnot asingleton. We show that under certain regularity conditions the multifunctionM(x) is upper Lipschitzian atx 0 andϕ(x) possesses second-order directional derivatives.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of operations research 30 (1991), S. 169-186 
    ISSN: 1572-9338
    Keywords: Stochastic programming ; random sampling ; optimal value function ; weak convergence ; Central Limit Theorem ; delta method ; Lagrange multipliers ; asymptotic distribution ; M-estimators
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper we discuss a general approach to studying asymptotic properties of statistical estimators in stochastic programming. The approach is based on an extended delta method and appears to be particularly suitable for deriving asymptotics of the optimal value of stochastic programs. Asymptotic analysis of the optimal value will be presented in detail. Asymptotic properties of the corresponding optimal solutions are briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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