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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of levorphanol on phospholipid metabolism in the giant axon of the squid (1974)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 22 (1974), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1974.tb12197.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON SYNAPTOSOMES: UPTAKE OF [N-Me-3H]CHOLINE BY SYNAPTOSOMES FROM SQUID OPTIC LOBES (1973)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 21 (1973), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract— The uptake of [N-Me-3H]choline into synaptosomes from squid optic lobes was studied using a Millipore filtration technique. When incubated in an artificial sea water medium at 26°C, but not at 0°C, the synaptosomes rapidly accumulated choline, most of which could be recovered as unchanged free choline. The accumulated choline was readily released by treatment of the synaptosomes with Triton X-100 or exposing them to hypo-osmotic conditions. The influx of choline increased with increasing concentrations of choline and could be resolved into saturable and non-saturable components. Kinetic analysis revealed the presence of two saturable components one of high affinity (Km about 2 μm) and one of lower affinity (Km〈inlineGraphic alt="geqslant R: gt-or-equal, slanted" extraInfo="nonStandardEntity" href="urn:x-wiley:00223042:JNC969:ges" location="ges.gif"/〉 25 μm). The rate of choline uptake by these synaptosomes was considerably greater than by mammalian brain synaptosomes. Both high and low affinity systems were Na+-requiring and inhibited by hemicholinium no. 3, levorphanol and dextrorphan. NaCN, 2,4-dinitrophenol and ouabain also inhibited choline uptake, the high affinity system being particularly sensitive to these agents. It is suggested that the high affinity system is specific for cholinergic terminals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1973.tb07541.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition by levorphanol of the induction of acetylcholinesterase in a mouse neuroblastoma cell line (1973)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 20 (1973), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1973.tb00297.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EFFECTS OF NARCOTICS ON THE GIANT AXON OF THE SQUID (1970)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 17 (1970), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: —Levorphanol (10-3 M) reversibly blocked conduction in the giant axon of the squid and axons from the walking legs of spider crab and lobster. Similar concentrations of levallorphan and dextrorphan blocked conduction in the squid giant axon. Under the same experimental condition morphine caused an approximately 40 per cent decrease in spike height. Levorphanol did not affect the resting potential or resistance of the squid axon. Spermidine, spermine and dinitrophenol had little or no direct effect on the action potential nor did they alter the potency of levorphanol. Concentrations of levorphanol as low as 5 × 10-5 M blocked repetitive or spontaneous activity in the squid axon induced by decreasing the divalent cations in the medium. After exposure to tritiated levorphanol, the axoplasm and envelope of the squid axon accumulated up to 500 per cent of the concentration of tritium found in the external medium, dependent on time of exposure, and other variables. At pH 6 the levels of penetration were 33-50% of those found at pH 8, which correlates with our observation that levorphanol is about 33 % as potent in blocking the action potential at pH 6. The penetrability of levorphanol was not affected by spermidine, dinitrophenol or cottonmouth moccasin venom. Levorphanol did not alter the penetration of [C14]acetylcholine nor did it render the squid axon sensitive to it. The block of axonal conduction by compounds of the morphine series is discussed both as to possible mechanisms and significance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1970.tb02241.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    METABOLISM OF POLYAMINES IN MOUSE NEUROBLASTOMA CELLS IN CULTURE: FORMATION OF GABA AND PUTREANINE (1975)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 25 (1975), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: —Polyamine metabolism of mouse neuroblastoma cells grown in culture was studied with special reference to the synthesis of GABA from putrescine and putreanine from spermidine. This study shows that neuroblastoma cells in the presence of a complete culture medium containing calf serum readily metabolized [14C]putrescine to GABA; the rate of synthesis is similar to the rate of synthesis of spermidine from putrescine. In the absence of serum the conversion of putrescine to GABA is minimal. In the presence of serum GABA formation is completely inhibited by the diamine oxidase inhibitor aminoguanidine. GABA synthesis does not occur in the absence of cells. The GABA synthesized is not readily metabolized to succinate or homocarnosine. Mouse neuroblastoma cells metabolized [14C]ornithine to putrescine, GABA, and spermidine. Spermidine was metabolized to putrescine, putreanine and spermine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1975.tb04423.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of three portable suction devices (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 48 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Three portable suction devices were evaluated and compared with a wall-mounted vacuum driven suction unit. The Repro-med Res-Q-Vac, the Drager Sujector 2000 and the Laerdal suction unit were assessed by measuring the time taken to aspirate 140 ml of mock gastric contents. The respective times for each device, expressed as mean and (range) were 7.39 (4.3–10.4), 8.6 (7.8–9.4) and 11.4 (9.4–12.6) s. These compare favourably with the Ohmeda suction unit (7.27 (6.2–8.9)). Each type of device has advantages and disadvantages when factors such as size, power supply and portability are considered, and each will be the most suitable for a particular situation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1993.tb07598.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Opiate Receptors (1978)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Pharmacology 18 (1978), S. 371-394 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-1642
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Medicine , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pa.18.040178.002103
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spontaneous voltage fluctuations in retinal cones and bipolar cells (1975)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 256 (1975), S. 661-662 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Such an effect is illustrated in Fig. la, which is an intra-cellular recording from a hyperpolarising bipolar cell in the isolated eyecup of the turtle, Pseudemys scripta elegans. In darkness, the cell voltage fluctuated at low frequency in an apparently random manner over a range of about 5 mV ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/256661a0
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative studies on synaptosomes: Applicability of the rapid method for preparing synaptosomes to elasmobranch brain (1976)
    Springer
    Neurochemical research 1 (1976), S. 83-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A flotation technique for the rapid preparation of synaptosomes, originally developed for invertebrate nervous tissue, has now been successfully applied to that of an elasmobranch fish (Mustelis canis, dogfish). The technique involves submitting the supernatant, obtained after a homogenate has been centrifuged at low speed to remove nuclei and tissue debris to centrifugal fields of intermediate intensity (106 g/min), appears to separate well-sealed synaptosomes from those less well sealed as judged by the criteria of osmotic shrinkage, enzyme occlusion, and choline uptake. The sealed synaptosomes do not equilibrate with the 0.8 M sucrose used as the homogenization medium and rise to form a coherent pellicle at the top of the tube. Due to the short (1–1/1/2 hr) preparation time, such synaptosomes may well prove useful in further metabolic studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00965634
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for the presence of disulfide bridges in opioid receptors essential for ligand binding. Possible role in receptor activation (1989)
    Chicester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Molecular Recognition 2 (1989), S. 44-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 0952-3499
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The mobility of purified μ opioid binding protein in SDS-polyacrylamide gek electrophoresis is sensitive to the presence of reducing agents. In the presence of increasing concentrations of DTT the apparent molecular weight increases in a stepwise fashion from 53 kDa to 65 kDa. This reduction in mobility is attributed to the successive breakage of disulfide bridges, resulting in an increasingly asymmetric molecule. Treatment of cell membranes from various brain areas with reducing agents, such as DTT, produced a concentration-dependent inhibition of opioid binding. Sensitivity to DTT inhibition varied between receptor types, μ 〉 δ ≫ κ. For μ receptors, agonist binding was considerably more sensitive to DTT than antagonist binding. Inhibition by DTT is readily reversible and is unaffected by Na+ and/or Mg2+ ions. Reversibility may be partially prevented by the inclusion of a low concentration of a reducing reagent such as glutathione which does not inhibit binding but blocks reformation of disulfide bonds. Scatchard analysis of saturation data shows that DTT causes a pronounced decrease in binding affinity with little effect on receptor number. It is suggested that disulfide bonds are essential for ligand binding and that cleavage of one or more of these bonds may play a role in opioid receptor activation by agonists.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmr.300020107
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