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VARIATION IN ADIRONDACK, NEW YORK, LAKEWATER CHEMISTRY AS FUNCTION OF SURFACE AREA (1990)

Sullivan, T J. ; Kugler, D. L. ; Small, M. J. ; [et al.]

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Journal of the American Water Resources Association 26 (1990), S. 0

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ISSN: 1752-1688

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography

Notes: : Data from a recent survey conducted by the Adirondack Lake Survey Corporation were used to evaluate the influence of lake surface area on the acid-base status of lakes in Adirondack State Park, New York. Acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) in the small lakes (〈 4 ha) occurred more frequently at extreme values (〉 200, 〈 0 μeq L−1), whereas larger lakes tended to be intermediate in ANC. Consequently, acidic (ANC ≤ 0) and low-pH lakes were typically small. The small lakes also exhibited lower Ca2+ concentration and higher dissolved organic carbon than did larger lakes. Lakes ≥ 4 ha were only half as likely to be acidic as were lakes ≥ 1 ha in area. These data illustrate the dependence of lake chemistry on lake surface area and the importance of the lower lake area limit for a statistical survey of lake water chemistry.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1990.tb01361.x

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Reduced-Form Modelling of Surface Water and Soil Chemistry for the Tracking and Analysis Framework (1998)

Sinha, R. ; Small, M. J. ; Ryan, P. F. ; [et al.]

Springer

Water, air & soil pollution 105 (1998), S. 617-642

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ISSN: 1573-2932

Keywords: acid deposition ; Adirondacks ; integrated assessment ; lake acidification ; mathematical model ; reduced-form modelling ; soil acidification

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering

Notes: Abstract A reduced-from modelling approach is used to predict soil and lake acidification as part of an integrated assessment of acid deposition effects and control strategies. The reduced-form model is based upon the mechanistic, lumped parameter watershed chemistry model, MAGIC (Model of Acidification of Groundwater in Catchments). Recent improvements to MAGIC are described, and its reduced-form representation in the Tracking and Analysis Framework (TAF), an integrated assessment model for decision and uncertainty analysis, is presented. Reduced-form models are developed for lake acid neutralising capacity (ANC), calcium, pH, and aluminium; and for soil base saturation. The model for lake ANC incorporates long-term depletion of the watershed acid neutralisation fraction, as is predicted to occur with MAGIC. In test calibrations for 33 representative watersheds in the Adirondacks, the resulting reduced-form model provides a close approximation to MAGIC, with average root mean square errors of 0.79 μeq l-1 for ANC, 1.09 μeq l-1 for calcium, 0.16 for pH, 2.52 μeq l-1 for aluminium, and 0.09% for soil base saturation. In addition, improved fish viability models are incorporated in the integrated assessment model, and predictions are demonstrated for a future deposition reduction scenario for the Adirondack region.