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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care 5 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1476-4431
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV) was surgiclly induced in 10 dogs. Five of the dogs were pretreated with 50 mg/kg PO of allopurinol to determine the effect of xanthine oxidase inhibition on the pathophysiology of GDV. After 150 minutes, the GDV was corrected, and lactated Ringer's solution was administered intravenoulsy (resuscitation). Two hundred forty minutes after relief fo GDV, the dogs were euthanatized without recovery from anesthesia. Administration of allopurinol was associated with a reduced (P〈0.01) incidence of hepatic necrosis and a lower (P〈0.045) serum phosphorus level than observed in the control group at the end of the experiment. The increase in base deficit in the allopurinol-treated group after resuscitation was also less(P〈0.045) than the control group. In conclusion, this study suggests that inhibition of xanthine oxidase-derived oxygen free radicals protects against hepatic necrosis in dogs with GDV. Resuscitation appears to be a time of profound physiologic stress for dogs with GDV.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care 14 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1476-4431
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Our laboratory developed a customized solution containing various free-radical scavengers, energy sources, and vasodilators in an attempt to attenuate intestinal injury following an ischemic insult. This solution has been evaluated with beneficial effects following low flow ischemia and reperfusion using in vitro and in vivo models using intra-arterial and intraluminal administration. In both investigations, the solution minimized morphologic injury and decreased transmucosal leakage of albumin.Objective: To determine if the systemic administration of the solution (GI Boost) had any clinical effect on normal horses, and to summarize the outcome of horses undergoing colic surgery that received the solution intravenously and intraluminally.Animals: 5 healthy adult horses and at the time of submission the outcomes of 10 horses undergoing abdominal surgery for colic.Methods: 2 L of GI Boost was administered at concentrations of 25%, 50%, and 75% intravenously (IV) to 5 normal horses. Parameters evaluated included CBC, chemistry panel, blood pressure, and physical examination. In 10 clinical cases, GI Boost was administered IV (intra-op and post-op) and intraluminally via the enterotomy.Results: The administration of GI Boost did not produce any clinical or hematologic abnormalities in normal cases. None of the clinical cases developed any complications associated with the use of the solution. The majority of horses were discharged from the hospital and 1 died following large colon rupture.Clinical Relevance: The administration of GI Boost may have a beneficial effect in horses presented for colic. Additional cases continue to be acquired to determine if this solution has a beneficial effect relative to traditional methods of treatment.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care 14 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1476-4431
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: While potent analgesic agents, opioids reduce intestinal transport in the intestine, thereby increasing transit times and the potential for impaction colic. Methylnaltrexone is an opioid receptor antagonist which does not cross the blood-brain barrier, does not reverse the analgesic effects of morphine, and directly stimulates isolated smooth muscle strips in humans.Objective: To determine if N-methynaltrexone has an effect on contractile activity of the equine jejunum and pelvic flexure.Study Design: In vitro investigation using isolated circular smooth muscle strips.Animals: 8 adult horses (n=200 muscle strips).Methods: Increasing concentrations of N-methylnaltrexone were added to tissue baths in the range of 1×10−9 M to 1×10−5 M, and contractile responses were recorded for 3 minutes. Data was analyzed using a repeated measures ANOVA with statistical significance as P〈0.05.Results: The administration of N-methylnaltrexone significantly increased the contractile frequency and amplitude at all concentrations relative to baseline (P 〈0.0001) for the jejunum. The response was greatest at 1×10−7 M (P=0.0005) with a mean difference from baseline of 0.341 mg/cm2. The highest concentration evaluated (1×10−5 M) had a mean contractile strength of 0.206 mg/cm2 which was significantly greater than baseline activity (P=0.04). A significant increase in contractile activity for the colon was detected at 3×10−6 M (P=0.027) and 1×10−5 M (P=0.002).Clinical Relevance: Potentially, this agent could be used in conjunction with morphine to provide more potent and effective analgesia without compromising intestinal function.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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