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  • 1
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The first phase of the healing process is characterized by the development of an inflammatory reaction involving migration of inflammatory cells and release of inflammatory mediators. In a previous study, we have demonstrated that the water soluble tetrachlorodecaoxygen complex (TCDO), first synthetized to promote wound healing, inhibits polymorphonuclear (PMN) migration. The aim of the present study was to investigate the activity of TCDO on the progression of an acute non-specific inflammatory reaction, on the release of 6-keto-PGF1α and PGE2 and on PMN oxidative metabolism in the rat. Injected in the pleural cavity, TCDO (15 μmoles/rat) significantly decreased the number of exudative cells while 1.5 μmoles/rat inhibited PMN oxidative metabolismex vivo (assessed by chemiluminescent assay and measurement of O 2 − generation) after stimulation of the cells by opsonized zymosan. Similar observations were madein vitro after incubation of PMNs with various concentrations of TCDO (300 to 3 μM). The effect was dose-related and highly significant up to the concentration of 3 μM. In parallel, TCDO decreased the amounts of 6-keto-PGF1α and PGE2 in exudates harvested 1 hour after the intrapleural injection of isologous serum. Effects were significantly different from control levels, from 1.5 to 0.03 μmoles/rat for 6-keto-PGF1α and from 1.5 to 0.01 μmoles/rat for PGE2. This effect was observed when TCDO was injected at the same time or 1 hour before the isologous serum but not later. TCDO also inhibited LTB4 generationin vitro after PMN stimulation by calcium ionophore A23187, at concentrations up to 150 μM. The effects of TCDOin vivo andin vitro on rat PMN functions and inflammatory mediator release mimic certain activities of anti-inflammatory drugs. These properties may be beneficial in the very early stages of the wound healing process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 39 (1983), S. 757-759 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The in vivo SCE test was used to demonstrate significant inhibition, of NMU bone marrow genotoxicity by pretreatment of Chinese hamsters with n-alkanols. Our findings exclude a loss of intracellular DNA alkylation potential through a competitive direct reaction of NMU with the weakly nucleophilic polar end of the n-alkanols, but not through methylations of nucleophilic membrane sites possibly liberated by structural modifications which the membrane-active amphiphilics induce.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-055X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter (S)-Ketamin ; Ketamin-Razemat ; Neuropsychologische Teste ; Aufwachphase ; Antagonisten ; Physostigmin ; Key words (S)-ketamine ; Racemic ketamine ; Neuropsychological testing ; Recovery ; Antagonists: physostigmine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract The anaesthetic potency of the (S)-ketamine isomer is approximately double that of racemic ketamine. The aim of this study was to compare the recovery of cerebral function after a bolus of 1,3 mg/kg racemic ketamine or 0.65 mg/kg (S)-ketamine followed by continuous application of 4 or 2 mg/kg×h over 15 minutes. Methods: With their informed consent and approval of the local ethics committee 12 healthy volunteers were enrolled in a double-blind, cross-over study. All drugs were dissolved in identical volumes. On three dates with an interval of one week at least ketamine/NaCl, (S)-ketamine/physostigmine or (S)-ketamine/NaCl was administered (table 1). The sequence was randomized. In addition, the unspecific antagonistic potential of the centrally acting, cholinergic agonist physostigmine (0.012 mg/kg) after (S)-ketamine was tested against saline-placebo. Neuropsychological tests (tests 3–5 of the syndrome-short-test [Erzigkeit, see references]) were used to quantify cerebral function before and at 45, 75, 105, 135, 165 and 195 min after anaesthesia. All data are mean values and standard deviation. Comparisons over time and between drugs were carried out using two-dimensional analysis of variance (ANOVA). Wilcoxon-tests were used post-hoc. p〈0.05 was considered signifi- cant. Results: After (S)-ketamine the subjects were able to carry out the tasks more rapidly than after racemic ketamine (p〈0.05). Mean time to reach preoperative test performance +10% was 117.5 min for (S)-ketamine/physostigmine, 121.3 min for (S)-ketamine/NaCl and 141.6 min for racemic ketamine (p〈0.05 between (S)-ketamine and racemic ketamine). No differences were found between physostigmine and placebo. The incidence of side effects (mainly nausea, vomiting) was not different. Discussion: (S)-ketamine offers a shorter recovery time after short anaesthesia compared to racemic ketamine. The investigated dose of physostigmine was probably too low to produce antagonism of (S)-ketamine. An increased dosage of physostigmine has yet to be studied, but is likely to cause a higher rate of side effects such as nausea, vomiting, bradycardia and possibly even tonic-clonic seizures.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In einer doppelblinden, randomisierten, cross-over Studie wurde bei 12 gesunden Probanden eine Narkose entweder mit (S)-Ketamin oder Ketamin-Razemat in äquipotenten Dosen durchgeführt. Nach einem Bolus von 0,65 mg/kg (S)-Ketamin oder 1,3 mg/kg Ketamin-Razemat wurde für 15 min 2 mg/kg×h (S)-Ketamin oder 4 mg/kg×h Ketamin kontinuierlich verabreicht. Das zentral wirksame indirekte Parasympathomimetikum Physostigmin wurde in früheren Arbeiten als unspezifischer Antagonist nach Ketamin-Razemat empfohlen. Daher wurde nach (S)-Ketamin der antagonistische Effekt von 0,012 mg/kg Physostigmin gegen Plazebo (NaCl) untersucht. Um die Aufwachzeit quantitativ zu erfassen, wurden vor und 45, 75, 105, 135, 165 und 195 min nach der Narkose die Subteste 3–5 aus dem Syndrom-Kurztest (SKT) und visuelle Analogskalen zur Befindlichkeit durchgeführt. Daneben wurde das Bewußtsein von den Untersuchern eingeschätzt. Die Aufwachzeit nach (S)-Ketamin war kürzer als nach Ketamin-Razemat (Summe der SKT-Subteste 3–5 und Bewußtseinsfremdbeurteilung, p〈0,05). Hinsichtlich Trauminzidenz oder -inhalten, unerwünschten Ereignissen, Einfluß auf die Hämodynamik oder subjektiver Akzeptanz der Narkose fanden sich keine Unterschiede zwischen (S)-Ketamin und Ketamin-Razemat. Mit der untersuchten, niedrigen Dosis Physostigmin kann (S)-Ketamin nicht antagonisiert werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Regional Science and Urban Economics 15 (1985), S. 143-147 
    ISSN: 0166-0462
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography , Sociology , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Regional Science and Urban Economics 15 (1985), S. 229-243 
    ISSN: 0166-0462
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography , Sociology , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 46 (1990), S. 478-485 
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: A single crystal of stoichiometric lithium niobate has been studied, using high-resolution synchrotron X- rays, under an electric field applied along the polar crystallographic c direction. A crystalline plate, 0.2 mm thick along the c direction, was polarized by a ±900 V square wave of frequency 50 and 230 Hz. Electronic gating ensured that the scattered intensities were recorded only during the central 50% of the square-wave duration. The results show that the stoichiometric crystals have surface layers under the Al electrodes that differ in the c cell dimension from the bulk by about Δc/c = 6 × 10-4, The resulting c lattice vector is close in length to that of congruent Li0.941Nbl.012O3, although the composition of the surface layer may only be inferred; modification by Al in-diffusion may also be possible. The surface-layer thickness is estimated to be of the order of 0.01 mm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Public Economics 44 (1991), S. 265-297 
    ISSN: 0047-2727
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Regional Science and Urban Economics 19 (1989), S. 1-4 
    ISSN: 0166-0462
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography , Sociology , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Regional Science and Urban Economics 20 (1990), S. 1-4 
    ISSN: 0166-0462
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography , Sociology , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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