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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 24 (1976), S. 536-539 
    ISSN: 1520-5118
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 23 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Synopsis N-Nitrosamines as carcinogens in general pose a potential health risk. Since 1992, legal guidelines that restrict the occurrence of N-nitrosamines in cosmetics have been operational in the European Union. Problem issues are NDELA (N-nitrosodiethanolamine) and NMPABAO (2-ethylhexyl 4-(N-nitroso-N-methylamino)benzoate). Data available on the NDELA content of Dutch samples date back to the early 1980s and those for NMPABAO are lacking. For the determination of NDELA in cosmetics, a method based on capillary gas chromatography (GC) without derivatization and online chemiluminescence detection with a Thermal Energy Analyser (TEA) has been developed and validated.The sample is diluted with water, adsorbed onto a kieselgur column and eluted with n-butanol. The extract is transferred to a silica gel column which is eluted with acetone. The eluate is dried and re-dissolved in dichloromethane. The final extract is analysed for NDELA by GC-TEA. The average recovery for NDELA is 99%, range 86–112% (n = 4) and the limit of quantification is 5.3 μg kg−1.The GC-TEA method was used to determine the NDELA content of 48 cosmetics including gels, shampoos, cremes, milks, conditioners and foams. All determinations were done in duplicate, and for every 10 cosmetics a recovery experiment and a blank determination were performed. The results of these quality assurance experiments were within the performance characteristics of the method developed.In 1996, a content of NDELA above the limit of quantification of 5.3 μg kg−1 was measured in four out of the 48 cosmetics. Based on these results, a more selective survey was carried out. Now a NDELA content above the limit of quantification was measured in seven out of 25 sampled and analysed cosmetics. Résumé En tant que molécules cancérogènes, les N-nitrosamines représentent un danger potentiel pour la santé humaine. Depuis 1992, il existe une législation dans l’Union Européenne pour limiter la présence des N-nitrosamines dans les produits cosmétiques. Cependant, les molécules de NDELA (N-nitrosodiethanolamine) et de NMPABAO (2-ethylhexyl 4-(N-nitroso-N-methylamino)benzoate) posent problème. Les données disponibles sur la teneur en NDELA dans les produits néerlandais datent du début des années 80 et quant au NMPABAO les données sont manquantes. Une méthode de détermination de la NDELA dans les produits cosmétiques par chromatographie en phase gazeuse capillaire sans dérivation et détection en ligne par chimiluminescence à l’aide d’un ‘Thermal Energy Analyser’ (TEA) a été mise au point et validée.L’échantillon est dilué dans de l’eau, adsorbé sur une colonne kieselgur et l’élution est effectuée avec du n-butanol. L’extrait est ensuite déposé sur une colonne de gel de silice et l’élution s’effectue avec de l’acétone. L’éluat est évaporéà s puis repris dans du dichlorométhane. Finalement, l’extrait final est analysé pour la recherche de la NDELA par GC-TEA. Le taux moyen de récupération pour la NDELA est de 99%, compris entre 86 et 112% (N = 4), et la limite de quantification etait de 5,3 μg kg−1. La méthode par GC-TEA a été utilisée pour déterminer la teneur en NDELA dans 48 produits cosmétiques tels que gels, shampoings, crèmes, laits, agents de conditionnement et agents moussants. Tous les essais ont été réalisés en double et, tous les 10 échantillons, un essai pour vérifier le taux de récupération et un blanc ont été analysés. Les résultats obtenus à la suite de ces contrôles qualité tombent dans la fourchette des valeurs des critères de performance de la méthode étudiée.Quatre échantillons sur les 48 analysés renferment une teneur en NDELA supérieure à la limite de quantification de 5,3 μg kg−1. En conséquence, une enquête plus serrée a été entreprise et sur 25 échantillons de produits cosmétiques, sept échantillons présentent une teneur supérieure à la limite de quantification.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 45-47 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 13C chemical shifts and 1J(14N—13C) coupling constants as well as stretching frequencies of the isocyano group are reported for some representative aliphatic, unsaturated and aromatic isocyanides and for two copper(I) isocyanide complexes. The results are discussed in terms of the inductive and mesomeric substituent effects on the polarisation and charge density of the C—N≡C bonds. The marked solvent effect on the chemical shifts of the isocyano carbon hampers comparison of our data with previously reported data. The hydrogen bonding shift of this carbon in water or methanol is much smaller than previous data suggest.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A method has been described for the quantification of diethylstilboestrol (DES) in bovine urine. The determining step is based on isotope dilution mass spectrometry (IDMS). The chemical work-up consisted of enzymatic deconjugation, Sep-Pak® clean-up and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The labelled compound synthesized for IDMS is hexadeutero DES (DES-2H6). The labelled compound is not only used to quantify DES, but also to check the recovery of the chemical work-up procedure, in order to avoid false negative results. At the 1-5 μg I-1 level of urinary DES, the average recovery of 2 μg I-1 DES-2H6 is 70±20% (s.d.).
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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