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  • 1
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) autoantibodies (PV-IgG) have been found in 40–70% of sera of first-degree relatives of pemphigus patients.  Objectives To determine the possible role of PV-IgG subclasses in the pathogenesis of the disease.  Patients and methods Study groups comprised 25 PV patients, 55 unaffected family members and 56 sera of healthy individuals. Indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) staining and Western immunoblotting (WB) techniques were used to determine total PV-IgG and PV-IgG subclasses and their reactivity to desmoglein (Dsg) 1 and 3.  Results By IIF staining, circulating PV-IgG were found in 64% of the patients, in 15% of the relatives and in none of the controls (P ≤ 0·001); by WB the results were 91%, 49% and 12%, respectively (P ≤ 0·001). The distribution of PV-IgG subclasses 1–3 was similar among patients and their relatives. PV-IgG4 was found in 62% of the patients but in only one relative and was absent in the controls (P ≤ 0·001). PV-IgG1, 2 and 4 were found to react mainly with Dsg3 and PV-IgG3 mainly with Dsg1 and 3.  Conclusions These results support the concept of a genetic predisposition in pemphigus. The non-complement-fixing PV-IgG4 and at least one complement-fixing PV-IgG subclass appear to be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. The absence of PV-IgG4 among relatives who were PV-IgG carriers seems to be linked to the fact that they do not develop pemphigus. The exact nature of this linkage is still unclear.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Social Science & Medicine 33 (1991), S. 1391-1397 
    ISSN: 0277-9536
    Keywords: duration of breast feeding ; education ; ethnicity ; maternal employment ; onset of breast feeding ; religiosity ; smoking ; type of delivery
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Aortic bifurcation ; Vena cava confluence ; Computed tomography ; Ageing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The object of this retrospective study was to determine the sites of abdominal aortic bifurcation and inferior vena cava confluence in relation to age and sex. The study group comprised 180 subjects (90 males and 90 females) divided into 9 groups by age (in decades). The positions of the aortic bifurcation and the inferior vena cava confluence were evaluated by CT, and linear regression models were fitted to the data. The positions of the aortic bifurcation and venous confluence showed a highly significant downward shift with increasing age (p=0.0001). The shift was more pronounced in women. The mean site of the aortic bifurcation for the whole group was at lower L4 (range, upper L3 to upper S1); in males, it was at upper L4 (range, upper L3 to upper L5), and in females at lower L4 (range, upper L3 to upper S1). The mean site of the venous confluence for the whole group was at disc L4-L5 (range, lower L3 to upper S1); in males, it was at disc L4-L5 (range, upper L4 to disc L5-S1), and in females at disc L4-L5 (range, lower L3 to upper S1). Thus, the aorta and the inferior vena cava can extend as low as the level of S1. These data are of relevance in laparoscopic procedures, especially in laparoscopic lumbar discectomy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Aortic bifurcation ; Vena cava confluence ; Computed tomography ; Ageing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Le but de cette étude rétrospective était de déterminer la topographie de la bifurcation de l'aorte abdominale et de la confluence cave caudale en fonction de l'âge et du sexe. Le groupe étudié comprenait 180 sujets (90 de sexe masculin et 90 de sexe féminin) divisés en 9 groupes d'âge (9 décennies). Les positions de la bifurcation aortique et de la confluence veineuse cave caudale ont été évaluées par tomodensitométrie, et des modèles de régression linéaire ont été appliqués aux données recueillies. Un déplacement caudal des positions de la bifurcation aortique et de la confluence cave caudale était hautement corrélé à l'âge (p=0.0001). Le déplacement était plus prononcé chez les femmes. La position moyenne de la bifurcation aortique pour le groupe entier était la partie caudale de L4 (extrémités : partie supérieure de L3, partie supérieure de S1) ; chez les sujets de sexe masculin, elle se situait à la partie supérieure de L4 (extrémités : partie supérieure de L3, partie supérieure de L5), et dans le sexe féminin à la partie caudale de L4 (extrémités : partie supérieure de L3, partie supérieure de S1). La situation moyenne de la confluence cave caudale pour le groupe entier était au niveau du disque L4–L5 (extrémités : partie caudale de L3, partie craniale de S1) ; dans le sexe masculin elle se situait en regard du disque L4–L5 (extrémités : partie craniale de L4, disque L5–S1) et dans le sexe féminin au niveau du disque L4–L5 (extrémités : partie caudale de L3, partie craniale de S1). Ainsi, l'aorte et la veine cave caudale peuvent s'étendre aussi bas qu'au niveau de S1. Ces données trouvent leur application dans les procédures laparoscopiques, en particulier dans la discectomie lombaire.
    Notes: Summary The object of this retrospective study was to determine the sites of abdominal aortic bifurcation and inferior vena cava confluence in relation to age and sex. The study group comprised 180 subjects (90 males and 90 females) divided into 9 groups by age (in decades). The positions of the aortic bifurcation and the inferior vena cava confluence were evaluated by CT, and linear regression models were fitted to the data. The positions of the aortic bifurcation and venous confluence showed a highly significant downward shift with increasing age (p=0.0001). The shift was more pronounced in women. The mean site of the aortic bifurcation for the whole group was at lower L4 (range, upper L3 to upper S1); in males, it was at upper L4 (range, upper L3 to upper L5), and in females at lower L4 (range, upper L3 to upper S1). The mean site of the venous confluence for the whole group was at disc L4–L5 (range, lower L3 to upper S1); in males, it was at disc L4–L5 (range, upper L4 to disc L5–S1), and in females at disc L4–L5 (range, lower L3 to upper S1). Thus, the aorta and the inferior vena cava can extend as low as the level of S1. These data are of relevance in laparoscopic procedures, especially in laparoscopic lumbar discectomy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Central venous pressure ; Superior vena cava ; Inferior vena cava ; Common iliac vein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To determine the accuracy of mean continuous central venous pressure (CVP) measurements in the abdominal vena cava. Design: We simultaneously measured the CVP at the superior vena cava or right atrium and at the abdominal vena cava or common iliac vein. The study was conducted at the pediatric intensive care unit of a major university-affiliated medical center. Patients: Nine patients, aged 6 months to 14 years, were included in our study. Measurements and results: Eleven continuous recordings of 12 to 68 min were taken, eight of them while the children were mechanically ventilated. Mean overall CVP ranged from 3 to 30 mmHg. A total of 519 simultaneous recordings were made, of which 515 (99.2%) were within the accepted limits of agreement of ±2 mmHg: 301 (58%) with ΔCVP of ±0 mmHg, 189 (36,4%) with ΔCVP of ±1 mmHg, and 25 (4.8%) with ΔCVP of ±2 mmHg. The mean pressure difference was –0.22±1.52 mmHg. Accuracy was maintained within all ranges of CVP (3–10, 11–20, and 21–30 mmHg) and was not influenced by mechanical ventilation or abdominal fluid collection. Conclusion: In children with no obstruction of blood flow from the abdominal vena cava to the right atrium, the pressure in the abdominal vena cava or common iliac vein accurately reflects the pressure in the right atrium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Central venous pressure ; Superior vena cava ; Inferior vena cava ; Common iliac vein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective To determine the accuracy of meancontinuous central venous pressure (CVP) measurements in the abdominal vena cava. Design We simultaneously measured the CVP at the superior vena cava or right atrium and at the abdominal vena cava or common iliac vein. The study was conducted at the pediatric intensive care unit of a major university-affiliated medical center. Patients Nine patients, aged 6 months to 14 years, were included in our study. Measurements and results Elevencontinuous recordings of 12 to 68 min were taken, eight of them while the children were mechanically ventilated. Mean overall CVP ranged from 3 to 30 mmHg. A total of 519 simultaneous recordings were made, of which 515 (99.2%) were within the accepted limits of agreement of ±2 mmHg: 301 (58%) with ΔCVP of ±mmHg, 189 (36,4%) with ΔCVP of ±1 mmHg, and 25 (4.8%) with ΔCVP of ±2 mmHg. The mean pressure difference was −0.22±1.52 mmHg. Accuracy was maintained within all ranges of CVP (3–10, 11–20, and 21–30 mmHg) and was not influenced by mechanical ventilation or abdominal fluid colection. Conclusion In children with no obstruction of blood flow from the abdominal vena cava to the right atrium, the pressure in the abdominal vena cava or common iliac vein accurately reflects the pressure in the right atrium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of biometeorology 40 (1997), S. 113-116 
    ISSN: 1432-1254
    Keywords: Key words Proton flux ; Ischemic heart disease ; Stroke ; Myocardial infarction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Abstract  The influence of solar activity (SA) and geomagnetic activity (GMA) on human homeostasis has long been investigated. The aim of the present study was to analyse the relationship between monthly proton flux (〉90 MeV) and other SA and GMA parameters and between proton flux and temporal (monthly) distribution of total and cardiovascular-related deaths. The data from 180 months (1974–1989) of distribution in the Beilinson Campus of the Rabin Medical Centre, Israel, and of 108 months (1983–1991) from the Kaunas Medical Academy, were analysed and compared with SA, GMA and space proton flux (〉90 MeV). It was concluded: (1) monthly levels of SA, GMA and radiowave propagation (Fof2) are significantly and adversely correlated with monthly space proton flux (〉90 MeV); (2) medical-biological phenomena that increase during periods of low solar and/or geomagnetic activity may be stimulated by physical processes provoked by the concomitant increase in proton flux; (3) the monthly number of deaths related (positively or negatively) to SA are significantly and adversely related to the space proton flux (〉90 MeV).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of epidemiology 16 (2000), S. 337-341 
    ISSN: 1573-7284
    Keywords: Direct ; Indirect ; Mortality ; Path analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: The purpose of this work is to clarify by path analysis which of the predictor factors of mortality in a cohort of 423 singletons VLBW infants born at Beilinson Medical Center during the years 1980–1990 (pre-surfactant era) exert direct or indirect effect on mortality. A direct risk factor was defined as a factor having an immediate effect on the outcome without working through an intermediate variable. By contrast, an indirect risk factor was defined as a factor that does not have a direct effect on the risk of mortality but instead works through an intermediate variable. Evaluation of mortality was done at three points over time (pre-delivery, at birth and post-delivery). Results: In the pre-delivery model, gestational age, appropriateness for gestational age, mother's age and fetal distress work directly on mortality in VLBW infants. At birth, mother's age, birth weight and Apgar score at the fifth minute work directly on the risk of mortality. When the assessment of the risk of death was done post-delivery, mother's age, birth weight, Apgar score at the fifth minute and seizures influence directly on mortality risk, and fetal distress, gestational age and pre-natal induced hypertension (PIH) operate indirectly on the risk of mortality. Conclusion: The methodology we have used can be adopted in other investigations to distinguish and measure the effect of prognostic factors on the risk of an outcome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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