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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microlocating lithium in the mouse embryo by use of a (n, α) nuclear reaction (1985)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 194 (1985), S. 433-435 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Developmental biology ; Mouse ; Lithium ; Teratology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The quantitative imaging of lithium distribution, in histological sections of 15-days old mouse embryos (whose mother had been submitted to Li-treatment), was performed using6Li isotope as tracer,6Li(n,α)3H nuclear reaction for detection, and dielectric track detectors. Despite the particular difficulties of cryosectioning the embryos without disturbing the lithium distribution, the Li regionalization appeared to be very clear-cut. The ectomesodermic tissues were significantly more loaded with lithium than the endodermic ones. This is probably related to the ectomesodermic tissues being also those most sensitive to the teratogenic effect of lithium. The Li-distribution in the embryo brain was almost homogeneous, instead of being heterogeneous as in adult brain. The mean Li-concentration in the embryo brain was not much below the Li concentration in the grey matter of the mother brain, but it was significantly larger than that in the white matter of the mother brain. Our results are discussed in the context of teratogenic effects observed in situ during mammalian development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00848558
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lithium Distribution in the Brain of Normal Mice and of “Quaking” Dysmyelinating Mutants (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 46 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Using nuclear reaction 6Li(n,α)3H and dielectric detectors, we have studied the distribution of Li in the brain of adult mice, following Li treatment of the animals. Two strains of animals were used in parallel: “quaking” dysmyelinating mutants and normally myelinated controls. The distribution appeared to be sharply regionalized in the brain of the normal mice (higher Li concentration in the gray rather than in the white matter, with the area postrema being particularly Li rich). In contrast, the Li distribution was practically homogeneous in the brain of the quaking dysmyelinating mutants, with a mean Li concentration comparable to that in the gray matter of the controls. The present method of Li detection has made it possible to estimate the Li equilibrium potentials (nerve cells with regard to plasma) in the different brain substructures. The results are consistent with (a) Li being actively extruded from nerve cells in all the cases and (b) myelination decreasing the relative importance of the passive component of Li transport in the nerve cells, as compared with the active component.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1986.tb00657.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calcium and the cell wall (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 7 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. From this brief review it appears that the interactions between calcium ions and cell walls play a key role in plant physiology. Calcium ions are involved in many mechnisms: for example, stabilization of cell wall structures, acidic growth, ion exchange properties, control of the activities of wall enzymes. All these properties originate from the tight binding of calcium ions to the pectins present in the cell walls. The factor most important for controlling wall behaviour is the density of non-diffusible charges and, due to its high affinity, calcium can significantly affect this factor. We also discuss the theoretical ion exchange models in relation to the specific role of calcium ions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1984.tb01434.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solute Uptake of Acer pseudoplatanus Cell Suspensions during Recovery from Gas Shock (1979)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 46 (1979), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: When the ambient atmosphere of Acer pseudoplatanus cells in suspension culture is rapidly changed by opening the culture flasks and gently stirring (‘mild gas-shock’) or by filtering and suspending in new medium (‘strong gas-shock’), drastic modifications of the rates of leucine, methionine, glucose, adenine, sulphate and phosphate uptake are observed. Following the gas-shock, rates of uptake rapidly decrease within a few minutes. Subsequently the rates increase again to the intial level within several hours. The uptake of potassium, which is known to be passively distributed between the medium and the interior of many plant cells, at least at high external concentrations, is apparently independent of gas-shock.The shock and recovery kinetics are similar for all solutes investigated (except K+), in particular for different solutes studied in double labelling experiments with the same batch of cells. At the maximum of the after-effect of shock, i.e. at minimum rates of uptake, uptake shows a highly reduced dependence on temperatures. Gas-shock probably inactivates, denatures, structurally alters or releases membrane macromolecules engaged in transport. These molecules are then re-synthesized and re-incorporated into the membrane during recovery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1979.tb02632.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of lithium and potassium on recovery of solute uptake capacity of Acer pseudoplatanus cells after gas-shock (1980)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 49 (1980), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: At concentrations of 10-−3M, Li+ inhibits the recovery of solute uptake capacity of Acer pseudoplatanus L. cell suspension cultures after gas-shock (i.e. after rapid exchange of the atmosphere in the culture flasks for ambient air). It also reduces solute uptake capacity of cells having already attained high rates of uptake during recovery from gas-shock. The effects of Li+ are much greater in cells which have been cultivated in 7 mM K+ solution than in cells cultivated with higher K+ levels (19 mM). Increasing K+ concentration during recovery reverses the effect of 10–3M Li+ and, with sufficiently high concentrations of K+ (≥ 10-−2M) during recovery, the solute uptake capacity of the fully recovered cells can even become greater than that of the control, at least for the low values of substrate concentration (here sulphate 10-−5M). Since Li+ does not affect the time course of solute uptake measured over 15–20 min, it is thought that it interacts with the synthesis and turnover of the solute uptake machinery of the Acer pseudoplatanus cells. Thermodynamic analysis of the flux data also supports the hypothesis that Li+ inhibits the biosynthesis of specific sites of solute permeation, but it does not rule out the possibility that K+ interferes rather on the forces acting on the transport of the considered solutes than on the catalytic structures of permeation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1980.tb08654.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of temperature and inhibitors of protein biosynthesis on the recovery from gas-shock of Acer pseudoplatanus cell cultures (1980)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 48 (1980), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The resumption of solute uptake capacity lost after gas-shock of Acer pseudoplatanus L. cell suspension cultures is severely inhibited by low temperatures (1°C) and by inhibitors of transcription and translation of protein synthesis such as 2-mercapto-1 (β-4-pyridethyl) benzimidazole (MPB, 40 μg ml−1), puromycin (around 100 μg ml−1) and actinomycin (100 μg ml−1). Cells that have already attained maximum uptake capacity loose it again after less than 1 h in 40 μg ml−1 MPB. Gel-electrophoresis of the external media of the cells shows that the release of proteins into the solution is affected by shock. The results demonstrate that proteins are involved in the mechanism of solute uptake by the cells, so that these proteins are among the factors altered during shock and recovery, and are important for the understanding of the after-effects of shock.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1980.tb03237.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transmission of a traumatic signal via a wave of electric depolarization, and induction of correlations between the cotyledonary buds in Bidens pilosus (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 64 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Pricking one cotyledon of decapitated plantlets of Bidens pilosus L. induces, i) the induction of a wave of electric depolarization progressing towards the bud at the axil of this cotyledon, and ii) the inhibition of the growth of this bud. The electrophysiologic and morphogenetic responses are dependent on the number of pricks and on the location of these pricks on the cotyledon midribs. When a prick is delivered on the hypocotyl prior to those on the cotyledons, then it prevents the effect of the latter pricks. When it is delivered after those on the cotyledons, it does not change the effects of cotyledon pricking. Our experiments suggest that there is a causal relationship between the electrophysiological and morphogenetic responses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1985.tb01211.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The mapping of natural boron in histological sections of mouse tissues by the use of neutron-capture radiography (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular histology 24 (1992), S. 939-950 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6865
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Neutron-capture radiography has been applied to the mapping of natural boron in mouse histological sections. The method is based on the fact that the stable isotope boron-10 has an extremely large cross-section for the thermal-neutron reaction10B(n, α)7Li. The local tissue boron concentrations were evaluated from the corresponding track densities of the nuclear reaction using an equation derived from a theoretical model of the system. The adjustable parameters of this equation were determined in two separate calibration experiments using standardized samples prepared by the addition of known amounts of boron. Interference from other nuclides engaged in nuclear reactions with thermal neutrons was also estimated. In the present experimental conditions the natural boron lower detection limit was 0.03 p.p.m. (fresh weight), and the spatial resolution was of the order of a few micrometers. Boron concentrations in mouse serum and urine were close to 0.22 and 0.57 μg ml−1, respectively. In the solid mouse tissues-liver, heart, brain, muscle and spleen-the concentration was usually low, ranging from 0.12 to 0.16 p.p.m. (fresh weight). They were significantly higher in the kidney, especially in the papilla (6.2 p.p.m. fresh weight). Apart from the kidney papilla, where boron was particularly concentrated in wall tubules, the boron distribution in most tissues appeared to be practically homogeneous. Natural boron, and even more so its enriched stable isotope10B, appear as good candidates for molecular labelling using non-radioactive tracers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01046499
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