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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation and Characterization of Ether Soluble Sugar-Amino Acid Interaction Products (1967)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 32 (1967), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: SUMMARY— A procedure is described for isolating compounds formed during the heating of solutions containing sugars and amino acids. It consists of solvent partition into ethyl ether, concentration of the solvent, high vacuum distillation in an isolated system and a final concentration. Model systems were employed, consisting of one sugar and one source of amino acids from the group: dextrose, lactose, glycine, lysine, valine, and casein. The flavor concentrate had a strong caramel odor.A total of 38 non-acidic and 5 acidic gas chromatographic components were observed, but none of the systems gave rise to all of these. The differences in the gas chromatographic patterns of extracts containing both sugars and amino acids and those containing sugars alone, were more quantitative than qualitative.While many of the components remain unidentified, those positively identified were largely sugar dehydration and degradation products. One nitrogen-containing component was identified as 2-acetylpyrrole.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1967.tb00818.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-frequency jet ventilation using a helium–oxygen mixture (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Pediatric anesthesia 9 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9592
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The physiological basis for the use of helium relates to the relationship described by Poiseuille. During turbulent gas flow, the factors determining the resistance to flow include the density of gas as well as the length and the radius of a tube. While it may not be possible to readily change the latter two, altering the density of the gas is possible by using helium instead of nitrogen. A helium–oxygen combination has been used most commonly to improve air exchange in patients with upper airway obstruction. Anecdotal reports also suggest the beneficial effects of helium during mechanical ventilation in patients with status asthmaticus, hyaline membrane disease, and other pulmonary parenchymal disorders. To date, the clinical reports have utilized helium only with conventional mechanical ventilation. We present a child whose progressive respiratory failure was treated by using high-frequency jet ventilation with a combination of helium and oxygen. The techniques for the delivery of helium and oxygen through the jet ventilator are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9592.1999.00355.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preoperative blood pressure management of children with catecholamine-secreting tumors: time for a change (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Pediatric anesthesia 15 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9592
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9592.2005.01649.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Argatroban for anticoagulation during cardiopulmonary bypass in an infant (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Pediatric anesthesia 15 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9592
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a rare, but potentially life-threatening complication of heparin therapy. In patients with HIT, alternative means of anticoagulation are necessary. The authors present an infant with HIT who required anticoagulation during cardiopulmonary bypass for tricuspid valve excision in the treatment of bacterial endocarditis. The direct thrombin inhibitor, argatroban, was successfully used. Previous reports regarding the use of argatroban and other nonheparin anticoagulants for anticoagulation are reviewed and suggestions regarding argatroban dosing in infants are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9592.2005.01417.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anaesthetic implications of thoracoscopic surgery in children (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Pediatric anesthesia 9 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9592
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: As the equipment and technique have improved, minimally invasive surgery is being applied to younger and younger children. With the advent of this valuable surgical technique, there are also specific modifications necessary in the anaesthetic technique. When considering the anaesthetic implications of these patients, one must account for both the patient's underlying status as well as physiological derangements induced by the surgical procedure. The following article attempts to address and review the specific anaesthetic implications of thoracoscopic procedures in neonates, infants, and children including the preoperative evaluation, intraoperative care and monitoring, and postoperative issues including analgesia. The techniques of one-lung anaesthesia, commonly required for thoracoscopy, are reviewed as well as consideration of the adverse effects which can occur during thoracoscopy including inadvertent intravascular CO2 embolism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9592.1999.9220281.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Therapeutic applications of regional anaesthesia in paediatric-aged patients (2002)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd.
    Pediatric anesthesia 12 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9592
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9592.2002.00773.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Noninvasive intraoperative monitoring of carbon dioxide in children: endtidal versus transcutaneous techniques (2002)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd.
    Pediatric anesthesia 12 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9592
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: The current study prospectively compares the accuracy of the intraoperative use of transcutaneous (Tc) and endtidal (PE) CO2 monitoring during surgical procedures in 30 paediatric patients, ranging in age from 6 months to 15 years (6.15 ± 4.35 years) and in weight from 4.7 to 73 kg (24.9 ± 18.2 kg). Methods: Following calibration and an equilibration time for the TcCO2 monitor, arterial blood gas samples were obtained as clinically indicated. A total of 64 sample sets (PaCO2, PECO2 and TcCO2) were obtained from the 30 patients. Results: The PECO2 to PaCO2 difference was 0.6–0.9 kPa (4.4 ± 7.1 mmHg) while the TcCO2 to PaCO2 difference was 0.36–0.38 kPa (2.8 ± 2.9 mmHg) (P=NS). The difference between the PaCO2 and PECO2 was 0.4 kPa (3 mmHg) or less in 37 of 64 sample sets while the difference between the PaCO2 and TcCO2 was 0.4 kPa (3 mmHg) or less in 49 of 64 sample sets (P=0.038). Linear regression analysis of PECO2 vs. PaCO2 revealed a slope of 0.434, r=0.8761, r2=0.7676. Linear regression analysis of TcCO2 vs. PaCO2 revealed a slope of 0.914, r=0.9472, r2=0.8972. Conclusions: Although in most circumstances, both noninvasive monitors of PCO2 provided a clinically acceptable estimate of PaCO2, TCCO2 provided a slightly more accurate estimate of PaCO2 during intraoperative anaesthetic care in children.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9592.2002.00766.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anaesthetic management and high frequency oscillatory ventilation (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Pediatric anesthesia 11 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9592
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In an effort to decrease morbidity and mortality, newer modes of mechanical ventilation have been introduced into the critical care arena. One such technique, high frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) relies on respiratory rates greater than 150 b·min−1, small tidal volumes, and the maintenance of a constant distending pressure thereby limiting peak inflating pressure and potentially the incidence of barotrauma. Despite the frequent application of this technique in the ICU setting, there is limited information concerning its intraoperative use. We present three infants who represent the perioperative applications of HFOV: (i) elective preoperative use to minimize lung movement and interference with surgical exposure during thoracotomy and PDA ligation; (ii) intraoperative application when progressive alterations in respiratory compliance led to ineffective intraoperative ventilation/oxygenation; and (iii) anaesthetic care for a neonate already receiving HFOV. The techniques of HFOV and previous reports of perioperative use are reviewed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9592.2001.00695.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Applications of intrathecal catheters in children (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Pediatric anesthesia 10 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9592
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Access to the intrathecal space may be required for sampling of cerebrospinal fluid for diagnostic purposes, for the administration of pharmacological agents, or for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage to lower intracranial pressure. The current report details five children in whom a percutaneously placed lumbar intrathecal catheter was used: (i) to provide intraoperative surgical anaesthesia instead of general anaesthesia (ii); to deliver intrathecal fentanyl to provide postoperative analgesia (iii); to provide chronic pain control during the terminal stages of metastatic malignancy; (iv) to allow repeated doses of intrathecal chemotherapy; and (v) to allow CSF drainage and prevent CSF leakage following frontal encephalocele repair. The indications and applications of intrathecal catheters in the paediatric aged patient are reviewed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9592.2000.00499.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spinal anaesthesia in infants and children (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Pediatric anesthesia 10 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9592
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9592.2000.00460.x
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