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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of E-cadherin in nevogenesis: an experimental study using epidermal reconstructs (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Experimental dermatology 13 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: In the development of congenital nevi, how nevus cells migrate in the dermis remains unclear. As shown in an earlier study designed to investigate Unna's Abtropfung hypothesis, dermal invasion does not occur when nevus cells are seeded on epidermal reconstructs. In melanoma, the decrease of E-cadherin expression is associated with the dermal invasion of melanoma cells. Objective: To study the expression of E-cadherin in dermal-cultured nevus cells from congenital nevi and its relevance to explain the absence of dermal invasion noted in epidermis reconstructed with cultured nevus cells. Methods: Comparison of the immunohistochemical expression pattern of E-cadherin in congenital nevi in vivo and after culture in monolayers and in a three-dimensional system. Results: E-cadherin was not expressed in vivo by dermal nevus cells, either isolated or in nests. However, in monolayer cultures, dermal nevus cells expressed E-cadherin. When these cells were used in reconstructed epidermis, nevus cells did not invade the dermis and they expressed E-cadherin when isolated and just weakly or not when grouped in junctional nests. Conclusions: The absence of dermal invasion of nevus cells could be due to the expression of E-cadherin in these cells in reconstructed epidermis. Our experiments suggest, a restoration of the control of keratinocytes, that nevus cells escape in the dermal compartment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0906-6705.2004.00155.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polyunsaturated fatty acids partially reproduce the role of melanocytes in the epidermal melanin unit (2005)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Experimental dermatology 14 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract:  The incidence rate of melanoma is higher in fair-skinned than in dark-skinned individuals. In negroid skin there is more eumelanin which is present in all skin layers and fewer polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) than in caucasoid skin. The western diet, which is rich in omega–6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, is associated with more proneness to cancer including cutaneous melanoma. To study the respective influence of omega-6 PUFA and low phototype melanocytes on redox status -basal and following UV irradiation-, we used epidermal reconstructs. The addition of polyunsaturated fatty acids as well as the presence of low phototype melanocytes affected basal status similarly except for catalase activity, which decreased significantly in polyunsaturated fatty acid-supplemented reconstructs. Following UV, polyunsaturated fatty acids and low phototype melanocytes increased lipid and protein oxidative damage without affecting direct DNA damage. However, polyunsaturated fatty acids increased epidermal apoptosis whereas low phototype melanocytes decreased it. Since our data suggest that an omega-6 PUFA rich-diet may increase oxidative damage in melanocytes without inducing apoptosis, the long-term net outcome could be cumulated mutations and an increased risk of skin cancer, especially melanoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0906-6705.2005.00273.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Perilesional vs. lesional skin changes in senile lentigo (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of cutaneous pathology 31 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0560
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  Senile lentigo (SL) is a common component of photoaged skin. It is characterized by hyperpigmented macules which affect chronically irradiated skin mostly after 50 years of age. This study was undertaken to assess the basic morphology of SL on dorsum of hands.Methods:  A systematic comparison between lesional vs. perilesional skin using immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy was done to detect precursor lesions of SL and to determine whether melanocytes or keratinocytes were first affected in the evolution of lesions.Results:  In 12 cases studied, the main findings show that clusters of perilesional keratinocytes accumulate melanin in large melanosomial complexes, and that melanocytes counts are increased respective to total length of section in lesional skin, but the increment is probably due to the development of characteristic epidermal rete ridges. Melanocytes had overall a normal ultrastructure, with mostly quiescent features in perilesional skin and melanosomial transport seeming more active in lesional skin.Conclusions:  Our data indicate that SL may represent a loss of epidermal melanin unit homeostasis due to chronic irradiation, where keratinocytic changes predominate over melanocytic changes. We hypothesize that abnormal pigment retention in keratinocytes is the primary defect in SL, which may partly explain the therapeutic effect of retinoids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0303-6987.2004.00210.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scoring of atopic dermatitis by SCORAD using a training atlas by investigators from different disciplines (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Pediatric allergy and immunology 8 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3038
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The ETAC (Early Treatment of the Atopic Child) study, a multi-national double-blind placebo-controlled randomized trial, has been in progress since 1994. Fifty-six centers in Europe and Canada participate in this study. A total of 817 children with atopic dermatitis [AD] were recruited. The severity of AD was scored using the SCORAD (objective criteria). Ninety-eight investigators (mostly pediatricians) were trained by three members of the European Task Force on Atopic Dermatitis [ETFAD] to standardize their objective SCORAD scoring (system developed by the ETFAD). The experts selected photographs and prepared a training atlas. The percentages of photographs assessed by the 98 non-expert investigators below, within and above the range of evaluations by the three experts were calculated. Taking over- and underscoring together, edema/papulation was the easie. st intensity item to score (82% within the range by the experts). The global symptom score, as well as lichenification. edema/papulation. oozing and excoriation registered by physicians with dermatological experience were not statistically significantly different from those by others. Erythema was statistically significantly better scored by those with dermatological experience. The results of the Euclidean Distance method showed that the item excoriations gave the largest distance. Erythema and excoriations were scored better by dermatologically experienced physicians (t-test, p=0.042 and p=0.063 respectively), but lichenification was better scored by non-dermatologically experienced physicians (p=0.013). The extent of surface area involved in the disease was calculated on 3 sets of photographs. Most evaluations by the 98 nonexpert investigators were within the range of the experts. Dermatologically experienced physicians scored significantly better than the others (Mest, p=0.006). This training program is useful for standardizing the scoring in AD and indicates that SCORAD can be used by investigators from different disciplines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3038.1997.tb00139.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Orf and Pregnancy (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of dermatology 27 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-4632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: : A 31-year-old woman presented with orf on the forefingers at 34 weeks of gestation. The disease, contracted after handling sheep a week before, was uncomplicated, and the patient gave birth at term to a normal baby. Although some cases with features suggestive of viremic spread had been described, the authors find an overall benign picture of orf in man and recommend symptomatic therapeutic measures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4362.1988.tb02331.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Patch test reactions to mite antigens: a GERDA* multicentre study (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 29 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We performed patch tests with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp) antigen from 2 different sources in 355 non-randomly selected patients with atopic dermatitis(AD) and 398 subjects of a control group. The study demonstrated that contact sensitization to mites occurred in an appreciable% of AD cases(20.8%). Using commonly available assay products. The differences recorded between the 2 materials tested were related to the concentration of P1 antigen. Non-atopic patients rarely showed positive reactions to Dp (0.75%), when strict criteria for readings were applied and if 2 readings were performed, Patients with positive patch tests did not necessarily show positive immediate skin tests. It would be useful to carry out tests systematically in atopic patients, even if it is not yet known what modern treatment would be best for the patient. Laboratories still do not provide standardized house dust mite preparations measuring and codifying their biological acitivity for use in patch of better test materials, in syringes with homogeneous dispersion and concentration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1993.tb03558.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Proteolytic Potential of Normal Human Melanocytes: Comparison With Other Skin Cells and Melanoma Cell Lines (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Periodontology 2000 9 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0757
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: To understand the contribution of epidermal melanocytes in the proteolytic potential of human skin, we have studied melanocytes grown in a low-serum medium deprived of phorbol esters, cholera toxin, and other non-physiological supplements. We focused on the plasminogen activation system and certain matrix metalloproteinases (gelatinases). Supposing that the proteolytic activity of cells can influence binding to collagen matrix and its reorganization, we have analyzed these parameters as well. We found that human melanocytes secreted tissue-type plasminogen activator and utilised it to generate cell-bound plasmin. No urokinase-type plasminogen activator was detected in the cultures but its receptor was found in cell extracts. Both the 72 kDa and 92 kDa gelatinases were secreted by the cells and in equal amounts. In addition, melanocytes secreted the wide-spectrum proteinase inhibitor alpha-2-macroglobulin. Melanocytes cast into collagen matrices retained a rounded morphology, did not extend processes, and were unable to contract collagen lattices. As a control, these parameters were investigated in parallel in cultures of human keratinocytes, dermal fibroblasts, and two melanoma cell lines.The obtained characteristics suggest that normal human melanocytes are proteolytically active cells. This function may pertain to skin physiology and pathophysiology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0749.1996.tb00115.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ex Vivo Reconstruction of the Epidermis With Melanocytes and the Influence of UVB (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Periodontology 2000 8 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0757
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: To study pigmentation, we have reconstructed an epidermis ex vivo with keratinocytes and melanocytes. Keratinocytes and melanocytes were grown first in primary cocultures and separately in secondary cultures, then seeded on a dead deepidermized dermis (Pruniéras type) at a 1:20 melanocyte/keratinocyte ratio. Reconstructed epidermis were grown in a special medium enriched with calcium and fetal bovine serum lifted for 15 days at the air-liquid interface. Using histology, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy we have shown an excellent level of differentiation of the reconstructed epidermis and a physiologic distribution of dendritic melanocytes in the basal layer capable of melanosome transfer to keratinocytes. UVB irradiation 0.15 J/cm2× 5 consecutive days increased melanocyte numbers and stimulated pigmentation as evidenced macroscopically and microscopically and at the biochemical level. Following UVB irradiation melanosome transfer was markedly increased and isolated or clumps of melanosomes were seen in the basal layers as well as in the stratum corneum. This model allows the study of the physiology of pigmentation ex vivo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0749.1995.tb00670.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hypothesis: from epidermal barrier dysfunction to atopic disorders (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 41 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The rôle of a genetically-impaired epidermal barrier as the primary cause of the rapid increase in prevalence of atopic dermatitis and respiratory atopy is proposed, based on available clinical and experimental data. The subsequently increased exposure to irritants and allergens postnatally in predisposed individuals would lead in a subset of these to a specific TH2 cell activation favouring the development of IgE responses to atopens. Other routes of sensitization are probably important, but skin offers a good target to implement prevention strategies, so far completely ignored in the prophylactic recommendations given to high-risk families. Candidate genes for skin-barrier impairment are possibly those associated with ichthyosis vulgaris and X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1999.tb06125.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mutations in SPINK5 , encoding a serine protease inhibitor, cause Netherton syndrome (2000)
    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature genetics 25 (2000), S. 141-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] We describe here eleven different mutations in SPINK5, encoding the serine protease inhibitor LEKTI, in 13 families with Netherton syndrome (NS, MIM256500). Most of these mutations predict premature termination codons. These results disclose a critical role of SPINK5 in epidermal barrier ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/75977
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