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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CROSS-OVER COMPARISON OF NIFEDIPINE OROS® AND FELODIPINE EXTENDED RELEASE WITH BLIND 24 H AMBULATORY BLOOD PRESSURE ASSESSMENTS (1999)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 26 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of nifedipine Oros® and felodipine extended release (ER) in controlling 24 h ambulatory blood pressures (ABP) in hypertensive patients.2. The study was a randomized cross-over design with a 2 week open placebo run-in phase and two observer-blind treatment periods.3. Subjects were males and females, aged between 18 and 65 years, suffering from mild to moderate essential hypertension with a sitting mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) within the range of 95–114 mmHg. Twenty-three subjects were randomized to treatment; 15 patients completed the study.4. Treatment intervention was 2 weeks of placebo followed by either 30 mg nifedipine OROS once daily or 5 mg felodipine ER once daily for 6 weeks, which was titrated up to 60 mg nifedipine OROS daily or 10 mg felodipine ER daily after 2 weeks of treatment on the lower doses if the DBP was 〉 90 mmHg. The main outcome measure was 24 h ABP after 6 weeks of active treatment, evaluated by an independent observer blinded as to treatment allocation.5. Compared with placebo, mean (±SD) 24 h DBP was reduced by 6.2±6.8 and 5.2±5.1 mmHg after nifedipine and felodipine, respectively. The 24 h mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) fell by 11.8±10.9 and 10.1±8.2 mmHg for nifedipine and felodipine, respectively, compared with placebo. There were no significant differences between the two active treatments in the reduction of DBP or SBP during the 24 h period, daytime or night-time.6. Similar antihypertensive effects are achieved with nifedipine Oros® and felodipine ER when doses are individually titrated, with no significant differences between the two treatments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1681.1999.03164.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    REPRODUCIBILITY OF CONVENTIONAL AND POWER SPECTRAL MEASUREMENTS OF CARDIOVASCULAR SYMPATHETIC ACTIVATION IN NORMAL SUBJECTS (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 23 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. Normal subjects (n = 5; age 20-42 years; mean resting blood pressure (± 1 s.d.) 116±21/61±11 mmHg) underwent cardiovascular reflex testing five times each. On every occasion systolic blood pressure (SBP) responses to sustained handgrip (GRIP) and cold pressure (COLD) tests were measured and continuous non-invasive SBP and heart period (RRINT) data were analysed in the frequency domain using fast Fourier transforms. Power spectral (PS) density estimates of high frequency/total power (HF%; a measure of vagal activity), low frequency/HF ratio (LF/HF; a measure mainly of cardiovascular sympathetic activity for heart period) and low frequency/total power (LF%; a proposed measure of sympathetic activity for SBP) at rest, during and 2min after the end of stimuli were calculated.2. The data from the rest and recovery periods did not differ and showed that cardiovascular recovery to baseline measures following sympathetic stimulation occurred within 2 min.3. There was a significant rise in SBP with GRIP and COLD. The LF/HF(RRINT) rose significantly with GRIP, but not with COLD. The LF%(SBP) did not change significantly with GRIP or COLD.4. The SBP and PS analyses showed low intra-individual reproducibility of responses to reflex tests, with coefficients of variation for PS measures at rest of 25-41% and on sympathetic stimulation of up to 80%.5. The high variability of these observations indicates that PS methods may not be suitable for the analysis of transient cardiovascular reflexes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1996.tb01183.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Predictors of renal function in diabetic and non-diabetic renal disease
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Clinica Chimica Acta 133 (1983), S. 169-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-8981
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0009-8981(83)90402-3
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of the dose-response relationship for intra-nasal oxymetazoline hydrochloride in normal adults (1999)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 55 (1999), S. 509-513 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Dose-response relationship ; Acoustic rhinometry ; Nasal decongestant
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objectives: To evaluate the dose-response relationship of increasing doses of oxymetazoline compared with placebo in normal subjects, and to determine the sensitivities of rhinomanometry, acoustic rhinometry and symptoms in discriminating between differing doses of oxymetazoline in normal subjects. Methods: The study had a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group, dose-response design. One hundred and twenty-five healthy volunteers with no nasal obstruction were randomized to administration of a single intra-nasal dose of oxymetazoline (6.25 μg, 12.5 μg, 25 μg or 50 μg) or placebo to each nasal cavity. Nasal airway resistance (NAR) was measured by active posterior rhinomanometry. Total minimum cross-sectional area (tMCA) and volume (tVOL) were measured by acoustic rhinometry. Symptoms of congestion (CON) were assessed on a visual analogue scale. Results: The two highest doses of oxymetazoline produced a significant decrease in NAR compared with placebo (P = 0.015) but not between placebo and 12.5 μg or 6.25 μg. There was a dose-response relationship for tVOL, which increased significantly after all doses compared with placebo (P 〈 0.001) and showed differences between 6.25-μg and 25-μg (P 〈 0.014) and 12.5-μg and 50-μg (P 〈 0.05) doses. tMCA increased compared with placebo after all treatments (P = 0.028), but there were no significant differences between any of the active doses. There were no significant changes in CON after any treatments compared with placebo. Conclusions: tVOL shows a clear dose-response relationship for the range of doses of oxymetazoline administered. tVOL provides a sensitive and discriminatory measure of small nasal changes after low doses of oxymetazoline. NAR is able to discriminate between doses, but is less sensitive than tVOL and tMCA, requiring a higher threshold dose before significant changes are seen in nasal patency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050665
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Korrelation corticaler und spinaler Aktivität nach wiederholter Cortexreizung (1954)
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 192 (1954), S. 620-635 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 1. In einer einleitenden Versuchsserie werden die Beobachtungen früherer Autoren über die Beziehung zwischen Dauer der corticalen Nachentladung und Reizdauer und Frequenz bestätigt. Nach diesen Ergebnissen ist eine Reizserie mit Frequenzen zwischen 20 und 30 per sec und 5 sec Dauer für die Auslösung langanhaltender corticaler Nachentladungen konstanter Dauer am zweckmäßigsten. 2. Während repetitiver Reizung entsteht ein auf die spinalen Motoneurone wirkender bahnender Effekt, der während des ersten Teils der poststimulatorischen Phase andauert. Diese Bahnung (geprüft an den monosynaptischen Reflexen) scheint Beziehung zu der poststimulatorischen, asynchronen, tonischen Ventralwurzelentladung zu haben, welche auch während der wiederholten Reizung aufgebaut wird. Dieser bahnende Effekt wird von einer auf den monosynaptischen Reflex wirkenden Depression gefolgt. 3. Die beim Affen durch corticale repetitive Reizung ausgelöste monosynaptische Antwort in den spinalen Motoneuronen ist während der poststimulatorischen Phase gebahnt oder getrennt, je nach der Art der gleichzeitig von der Cortex ausgelösten modifizierenden Effekte, welche während der corticalen Reizung aufgebaut werden und deren gegenseitiges Verhalten von der Dauer der repetitiven Reizung abhängig ist. 4. Der Verlauf der oben beschriebenen Erregbarkeitsveränderungen stimmt nicht mit dem Verlauf der gleichzeitig bestimmten Extinktionskurve überein. 5. Die spinalen Effekte, welche während der corticalen Reizung aufgebaut werden und dann als Restphänomen während der poststimulatorischen Phase fortlaufen, d. h. gleichzeitig mit der poststimulatorischen epileptiformen Nachentladung, brauchen nicht als Teilphänomen in einem epileptischen Anfall anderer Genese vorzukommen. Es wird deshalb betont, daß der poststimulatorische epileptiforme Anfall in bezug auf seine corticospinale Aktivität von epileptischen Anfällen anderer Genese unterschieden werden muß.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00344707
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