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  • 1
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: attraction ; Allium ; EAG ; generations ; green leaf volatiles ; Hyponomeutoidea ; Lepidoptera ; leek moth ; walking behaviour ; olfactory responsiveness ; rearing conditions ; sensitivity variations ; sulphur volatiles
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Three strains of the leek moth, Acrolepiopsis assectella, were compared: two reared on leek leaves (Allium porrum) for which generations 10 to 12 (L) or generation 2 (G2) were used, the third one (D) reared on an artificial diet incorporating leek powder, for which generation ca 140 was examined. The walking behaviour (L and D) and the antennal responsiveness (L, G2 and D) were compared between individuals subjected to leek leaf odour and 4 volatiles identified in these leaves: 2 specific sulphur ones (dipropyl thiosulphinate and dipropyl disulphide) and 2 ‘general green leaf volatiles’ (cis-3-hexen-1-ol and trans-2-hexen-1-ol). The walking behavioural thresholds to leek odour, dipropyl thiosulphinate, and cis-3-hexen-1-ol were lower for L than for D females. The chemoanemotactic responses to dipropyl disulphide are almost identical, and trans-2-hexen-1-ol has nearly no activity. Accordingly, the olfactory sensitivity (assessed by EAG) to sulphur volatiles and cis-3-hexen-1-ol was higher for L and G2 females than for D ones. The threshold for thiosulphinate was at a concentration (v/v) of 4 × 10-4 M/l for D females, 4 × 10-5 M/l for L females and 4 × 10-8 M/l for G2 ones. It may be hypothesised that laboratory rearing conditions cause variations in the thresholds of antennal sensitivity and walking behaviour to specific and more efficient leek volatiles. This may result from the selective pressures experienced by the larvae reared in the laboratory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 80 (1996), S. 101-104 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: leek ; behaviour ; allelochemicals ; secondary plant metabolites ; sugar ; alkyl-cysteine-sulphoxide ; leaf surface
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 92 (1999), S. 335-337 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Asparagus fly ; Diptera ; olfactometry ; periodicity ; pheromone ; sexual attraction ; Tephritidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 15 (1972), S. 443-454 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The reproductive activity of the male leek moth, Acrolepia assectella, placed every day in the presence of new females, varies during the lifetime. This change in activity is not the result of exhaustion. The volume of the first spermatophores is much larger than that of the following ones, that depends upon the emission rank and not upon the time between two copulations. There is a correlation between the spermatozoa density in the different parts of the spermatheca and the spermatophore size. Oviposition and stimulation of vitellogenesis are functions of the male's age (copulation rank) which has little effect upon the fertility of the eggs; this remains always very high. Results obtained after incomplete copulations (in which spermatozoa without male secretions are emitted or the inverse) show that spermatozoa alone are necessary to stimulate vitellogenesis and release egg-laying but consequences of the reproductive activity of males on quantitative evolution of populations cannot be neglected.
    Notes: Abstract L'activité reproductrice des mâles d'Acrolepia assectella placés chaque jour en présence de nouvelles femelles varie au cours de la vie. Les effectifs de ponte et la vitellogénèse sont analysés en fonction du rang de copulation de la femelle, de l'âge du mâle, de la taille du spermatophore et de la densité de spermatozoïdes présents dans les différentes parties de la spermathèque. Les spermatozoïdes seuls semblent nécessaires au déclenchement de la ponte alors que la vitellogénèse est stimulée par un ensemble complexe de facteurs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: parasitoïde ; attraction ; activité locomotrice ; substances volatiles ; Allium ; Crucifères
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Searching the host habitat by the endoparasite wasp Diadromus pulchellus, considered to be a specialist of Acrolepiopsis assectella nymphs, is studied in females and males by analysis of locomotory behaviour in olfactometers. Thus, locomotor activity and attraction are studied in the presence or absence of air-borne volatiles emitted by plants able to shelter a potential host-moth. Stable and unstable sulphur compounds used do not release attraction in female and male ichneumonids whatever the type of olfactometer used. By contrast, phytophagous host adults are attracted by unstable specific sulphur compounds of the leek. Locomotor activities of D. pulchellus females and males are stimulated by various volatile sulphur compounds of synthetic origin or naturally occurring in Allium eaten by A. assectella larvae and in Crucifera. The effective compounds generally are stable and characterized by the active group R-S — in which the alkyl moiety must not be an allyl one. On the other hand, volatiles without sulphur, emitted by plants which do not belong to Cruciferae or Allium, do not stimulate the hymenopteran locomotor activity. These observations suggest that D. pulchellus is oligophagous, attracted to microlepidoptera developing on plants containing sulphur compounds and not only on Allium.
    Notes: Résumé La recherche de l'habitat d'un hôte potentiel par D. pulchellus, endoparasite considéré comme spécialiste des nymphes d'A. assectella, est abordée chez les adultes femelles et mâles, en olfactométrie, par l'étude de leur comportement locomoteur. L'activité locomotrice et l'attraction sont ainsi analysées en présence de substances allélochimiques issues ou non de végétaux pouvant abriter un hôte. Que les composés soufrés testés soient stables ou non, ils ne déclenchent pas d'attraction chez les hyménoptères quel que soit leur sexe et le type d'olfactomètre utilisé, contrairement aux imagos du phytophage-hôte, A. assectella, attirés par les composés soufrés instables spécifiques du poireau. L'activité locomotrice des hyménoptères des deux sexes est stimulée par divers composés volatils soufrés de synthèse ou émis naturellement par les Crucifères et par les Allium consommés par les larves d'A. assectella. Les substances efficaces sont généralément stables et sont caractérisées par le groupement actif R-S-, à condition que R ne soit pas un allyle. Par ailleurs, des composés volatils non soufrés contenus dans des végétaux autres que les Allium et les Crucifères ne stimulent pas le comportement locomoteur des hyménoptères. Ces différentes observations permettent d'envisager que D. pulchellus est un spécialiste inféodé à des microlépidoptères s'alimentant sur des végétaux soufrés et non sur les seuls Allium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Placed one night with two males, only some females mate two times, especially females with a first interrupted or incomplete mating. The short-term inhibition of female receptivity is provoked by filling of the bursa because the sperm reaches the spermatheca only a few hours after the end of the first mating. Mating of one male with two different females on 2 consecutive days results in the production of two different spermatophores; inseminated females with little spermatophores remate more frequently when placed with a new male. At long term, study of the bursa, the volume of which depends upon that of the spermatophore, and of the spermatheca, shows that females with little secretion in the bursa or with few spermatozoa in the spermatheca are those which mate two times. As there is a relation between longevity of females and the age at which they remate, de-inhibition of receptivity is provoked by female senescence and by heterogeneity of male reproductive power. Egg-laying and oögenesis are not stimulated by a second mating. Generally this second mating is not followed by migration of the spermatozoa.
    Notes: Résumé Placées quotidiennement avec un nouveau mâle, seules certaines femelles déjà fécondées, notamment les plus vieilles acceptent une deuxième copulation. Les séquences comportementales sont alors tout à fait normales. L'examen de la bourse copulatrice et de la spermathèque montre que ce sont les femelles qui ont les bourses les moins distendues ou les spermathèques les moins pleines qui copulent à nouveau. La ponte et la production ovarienne ne sont pas stimulées par un deuxième accouplement, celui-ci n'étant généralement pas suivi de la migration des spermatozoïdes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 25 (1979), S. 342-345 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The leek-moth males, able to respond to the female sex pheromones the night following emergence, can copulate only once in 24 hr. Inhibition of post-copulatory sexual receptivity is related to emptying of the male simplex and accessory glands. Kept in competition with virgin males, mated males maintain all their sexual potentialities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 47 (1988), S. 231-237 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Acrolepiopsis assectella ; Hyponomeutoïdea ; teigne du poireau ; Allium ; attraction ; alfactomètre ; larve ; substances allélochimiques ; composés soufrés ; Acrolepiopsis assectella ; Hyponomeutoïdea ; leek-moth ; Allium ; attraction ; olfactometer ; larvae ; allelochemicals ; sulfar volatiles
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary An olfactometer with two parallel air currents containing a Y-shaped nylon fiber was used to study the attraction of first and fifth instar larvae of the leekmoth. Host-plant, non host plants and emitted volatiles were tested. In 5th instars, leek alone is attractive, whereas Iris was ineffective, and tomato, bean and cabbage leaves repellent. These larvae seem more sensitive to the disulfides than to the thiosulfinates and thiosulfonates. Among the general green leaf volatiles, hexanol-1 alone was attractive while alkyl isothiocyanate, thiocyanate and limonene were repellent. In the first instar larvae, leek, disulfide and thiosulfinate were also attractive, but the high concentrations of the latter were repellent. These results are compared with those obtained earlier on the larval phagostimulation and adult attraction.
    Notes: Abstract Un olfactomètre a deux flux d'air parallèles comportant un fil en Y est décrit et utilisé pour édudier l'attraction des larves néonates et de 5ème stade de la teigne du poireau par la plante-hôte, les composés volatils soufrés qu'elle émet et quelques odeurs originaires d'autres végétaux. Le poreau, les disulfures, les thiosulfinates et les thiosulfonates sont attractifs. L'action des composés soufrés dépend de la concentration utilisée et du stade larvaire. Les résultats sont comparés à ceux obtenus antérieurement sur la phagostimulation larvaire et sur l'attraction des adultes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 30 (1981), S. 293-300 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Attraction ; Plante-hôte ; Composés soufrés ; Sexe ; Age ; Lépidoptère
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary To find the leek, Acrolepiopsis assectella uses olfactory stimulants from the hostplant, and specially the specific sulphur compounds. The attractiveness of the leek “smell” and of different thiosulfinates and disulfides found in this plant were studied and compared in an olfactometer. The behaviour of ♂ ♂, and virgin or mated ♀ ♀ was observed during the scotophase according to to the age of the adults. In a clean air current the insects orient and remain stationary. The majority of ♂ ♂ and virgin or mated ♀ ♀ move upwind when the air current bears the leek “smell” or the voltile sulphur compounds. The sensitivity to the hostplant “smell” seems to change with the age of the insect, old ♂ ♂ and young ♀ ♀ being most attracted. Once mated, the ♀ ♀ retain a high sensitivity. When the responsiveness to the leek “smell” is highest (at 1 day and 5 days) the thiosulfinates have a greater effect than the disulfides in both ♂ ♂ and virgin ♀ ♀. The propyl moiety is more active than the methyl one. The labile dipropyl thiosulfinate (propyl propanethiosulfinate), very profuse in the leek, seems to have the major role.
    Notes: Résumé Pour rechercher le poireau, Acrolepiopsis assectella doit utiliser des stimulus olfactifs issus du végétal-hôte et notamment les substances soufrées spécifiques. Le pouvoir attractif de l'«odeur» du poireau et celui de différents thiosulfinates et disulfures trouvés dans cette plante sont donc étudiés et comparés par olfactométrie. Le comportement de mâles et de femelles vierges et fécondées est observé, en fonction de l'âge des imagos, pendant la scotophase. Alors qu'un courant d'air sans «odeur» significative déclenche essentiellement l'orientation et l'immobilisation des insectes face au flux, la plus part des mâles et des femelles quel que soit leur état sexuel sont attirés par le courant d'air lorsque celui-ci transporte l'«odeur» du poireau ou les substances volatiles étudiées. La sensibilité à l'«odeur» de la plante-hôte semble se modifier avec l'âge des insectes, les mâles âgés et les jeunes femelles étant les plus attirés. Cependant, ces dernières conservent une forte sensibilité une fois fécondées. Aux âges où l'«odeur» du poireau est la plus efficace, les thiosulfinates déclenchent chez les mâles et les femelles vierges une attraction plus importante que les disulfures, le radical propyle étant plus actif que le méthyle. Le thiosulfinate de dipropyle, labile, très abondant dans le poireau, semble donc avoir un rôle informationnel prépondérant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 34 (1983), S. 71-77 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Ponte ; Contact ; Spécificité ; Extraits végétaux ; Plante-hôte ; Lepidoptère oligophage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Leek moth females oviposit only when in contact with plants of the genus Allium (Liliaceae). The possible reasons for this specific stimulation were investigated using extracts of different plant species. The bioassay with filter paper and isolated mated females is described. Methanol extracts were more effective than hexane or methylene dichloride ones: 80% of eggs laid were on methanol extracts of leaves of leek, the major host plant. Other methanolic extracts tested were from Cruciferae (cabbage, colza and garlic mustard) and Umbelliferae (Asafoetida) which contain sulphur compounds similar to those in Allium, as well as Liliaciae (Allium species, iris, tulip and day-lily). Oviposition was only stimulated by Allium species (leek, onion and garlic) and mostly by leek and onion which are the plants most damaged in the field by A. assectella. The substances eliciting leek moth oviposition behaviour were non-sulphur-containing and non-volatile compounds specific to the genus Allium. It is also possible that assaying fractions of the methanol extract might indicate that substances which inhibit oviposition are in low concentration in the host-plants.
    Notes: Résumé La ponte de la teigne du poireau est examinée sur papiers filtres imprégnés d'extraits méthanoliques de différents végétaux. La technique par femelle fécondée isolée est décrite. Elle permet d'obtenir environ 80% des pontes observées sur feuille de poireau. Les autres végétaux utilisés sont essentiellement des Crucifères qui contiennent comme les Allium des substances soufrées et des Liliacées. Seules les espèces appartenant au genre Allium stimulent la ponte. Des substances chimiques spécifiques de ces seules plantes sont donc nécessaires au déclenchement de la ponte de la teigne du poireau. Un essai de fractionnement de l'extrait méthanolique pourrait indiquer que des substances inhibitrices de la ponte seraient également présentes dans les Allium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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