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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 308-311 (May 1999), p. 374-382 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 361 (1998), S. 697-700 
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The objective of the present study was the defined preparation and characterization of various oxide layers on titanium, Ti6Al7Nb and Ti6Al4V. Immobilization techniques for collagen and hydroxyapatite Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, the main components contacting an implant within the human body, were tested. The oxide layers were created by electrochemical polarization in phosphate buffer solutions. The thickness of the layers depended on the formation potential. We found a thickness/potential relation of approximately 2.2 nm/V. At formation potentials up to 80 V anatase was the only titanium dioxide modification traceable by Raman spectroscopy and XRD. The electrochemically assisted deposition of hydroxyapatite on these surfaces starts with an amorphous product which can be monitored by SEM, IR and Raman spectroscopy. The immobilization of collagen followed by anodic electrochemical polarization results either in partial integration of collagen fibrils into the oxide layer or at least in a strong increase of the interaction force between TiO2 and the collagen fibrils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. We examined the suitability of a TNF-β cytokine ELISpot assay for assessing various aspects of the T cell response to herpes simplex viruses. The number of T cells responding to HSV-1 or HSV-2 was measured by TNF-β ELISpot assay. The number of T cells producing TNF-β in response to HSV-1 was high, ranging from 76 to 222 per 105. HSV-1-specific TNF-β-secreting responder cell frequencies fluctuated over time in individual donors. Comparable fluctuations were not observed in the T cell frequencies to phytohemaglutinin (PHA). Responder cell frequencies to glycoproteins gB and gD of HSV-2 accounted for a large number of the HSV-2-specific T cells as measured using the TNF-β ELISpot assay. Type-specific and type-common components of the T cell response to HSV-1 and HSV-2 could be estimated with this assay. Type-common responder cells typically accounted for 25–30%. Finally, CD4 and CD8 TNF-β-producing T cells were stimulated by HSV-1 at a CD4:CD8 ratio of 2:1, indicating that both major subsets of T lymphocytes are activated by HSV.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: PWR type reactors ; water chemistry ; preoxidation treatments ; hydrazine decomposition ; 60Co deposition ; temperature dependence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The corrosion rate of stainless steel decreases with time of operation under conditions characteristic of the primary circuit of pressurized-water reactors. Due to this the concentration of corrosion products in solution rapidly increases during heating-up and decreases after reaching the operation product levels is up to about three orders of magnitude. By a preoxidation treatment using potassium dichromate, the corrosion product release can be essentially diminished. In order to describe the influence of corrosion products in solution we investigate the thermal decomposition of hydrazine as well as the deposition behavior of60Co. the half life of the thermal N2H4 decomposition at 300°C in borated water increases from about 1 to about 60 minutes, starting with glossy loop surfaces. Without adding boric acid to the water, half lives between 1 and 120 minutes were found; with an activation energy for the decomposition being estimated in the temperature region 270–310°C. The deposition behavior of60Co is characterized by a very fast primary step, followed by retarded secondary deposition steps. The primary deposition step can be described by half lives of about 5 seconds. The influence of preoxidation treatment and subsequent decrease of corrosion product concentration on decomposition of N2H4 and deposition of60Co is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 39 (1988), S. 465-476 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Application of impedance spectroscopy for investigating oxide layers on aluminium alloys submitted to different surface pretreatment and corrosion in high temperature waterReferring to investigations of the corrosion behaviour of AlNiFe and AlSiNi alloys in pressurized high temperature water (HTW) at 473 K, impedance measurements were put into practice in ammonium tartrate solution at 298 K for a variety of electrodes which had been submitted to hydrothermal, chemical or anodic pretreatment methods as well as to HTW corrosion tests. The impedance behaviour in the 10-3-105 Hz range proved to be mainly dependent on both the kind of pretreatment and the hydrodynamic conditions during corrosion.The analysis of the impedance spectra was accomplished by deconvolution and fitting methods on the basis of different equivalent circuit models. It was concluded that all the oxide types contain a thin nonporous sublayer, whereas diffusion control occurs within the pores of the covering layer on top.
    Notes: Ausgehend von Untersuchungen zum Korrosionsverhalten von AlNiFe- und AlSiNi-Legierungen in Hochtemperaturdruckwasser (HTDW) bei 473 K, wurden Impedanzmessungen in Ammoniumtartratlösung bei 298 K an einer Vielzahl von Behandlungszuständen vorgenommen. Die Impedanzspektren im Bereich 10-3-105 Hz wurden in erster Linie von der Art des Vorbehandlungsverfahrens sowie von den hydrodynamischen Bedingungen während der HTDW-Korrosionsbeanspruchung beeinflußt.Zur Analyse der Spektren wurden auf der Grundlage unterschiedlicher Ersatzschaltbild-Modelle Extrapolations- und Suchverfahren für die Parameterbestimmung herangezogen. Die bei überwiegend sehr guter Anpassung erhaltenen Ergebnisse belegen, daß in den Poren der z.T. kristallinen Deckschichten eine Diffusionshemmung auftritt und unabhängig vom Oxidtyp eine dünne porenfreie Unterschicht existiert.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 241 (1999), S. 511-517 
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract With the background of uranium mine restoration the adsorption of radium on different kinds of sandstone, claystone and lime marl was studied as a function of such parameters as water composition, acidity, phase contact time and the concentration of radium, barium and sulfate by static butch experiments at the mine temperature of 14 °C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 183 (1994), S. 139-145 
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Investigations are currently carried out in Saxony to study environmental impacts due to uranium-mining activities. Radioactive and other inorganic species were determined in both mining waters of different origin and leachates from mediumscale column experiments and batch-tests. Uranium concentrations were measured using γ-spectrometry, absorption spectrophotometry, square-wave polarography and inductively coupled mass spectrometry. For mining waters the concentration range was less than 1 to ca 4 mg·dm−3, in one case up to 7 mg·dm−3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 315 (1983), S. 113-117 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Ausgehend von der Analyse fluorwasserstoff- und salpetersäurehaltiger Beizlösungen, beschäftigt sich die Arbeit mit der Bestimmung der Zirkoniumkonzentration in verdünntem Medium (1–4,4 mM). Das Prinzip der Methode besteht in einer Umkomplexierung des überwiegend in Form von Fluorokomplexen vorliegenden gelösten Metalls mit EDTA (pH 5,5) sowie einer Rücktitration des überschüssigen Komplexbildners mit Pb(NO3)2, wobei eine zu Beginn durchgeführte Lösungskonditionierung auf störende Polymerisationsphänomene Bezug nimmt. Außerdem wurde nachgewiesen, daß die Umkomplexierung die Bildung von Teilchen bewirkt, die neben der regulären (1∶1)-Chelatgruppierung 2–3 Fluoridionen enthalten. Die Art des zur Rücktitration verwendeten Metallions ist von wesentlicher Bedeutung. Reproduzierbarkeit und Richtigkeit der Methode werden beurteilt.
    Notes: Summary A method for the determination of 1–4.4 mM zirconium has been worked out for the analysis of HF and HNO3 containing pickling solutions. The principle consists of recomplexing the fluoro-complexed Zr(IV) with EDTA at pH 5.5, followed by back-titration with Pb(NO3)2. An acidification and a thermal treatment are carried out in the beginning to avoid errors due to polymerization phenomena. In addition to the choice of the optimal conditions, it was detected that the recomplexed ions still contain fluoride besides the chelate group. Reproducibility and accuracy of the method were assessed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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