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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temporary partial breakdown of mlo-resistance in spring barley by sudden relief of soil water-stress under field conditions: the effects of genetic background and mlo allele (1998)
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant pathology 47 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: This study, carried out under field conditions, assessed the extent to which temporary breakdown of mlo-resistance, following relief of water-stress, was determined by genetic background and mlo allele. Commercial barley cultivars expressing the mlo gene for resistance to powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis (Blumeria graminis) f.sp. hordei) were tested as well as doubled haploid progeny from spring barley genotypes, a proportion of which were sown in the field in two successive years. Plants were protected from natural rain by a mobile rain shelter and either watered by trickle-irrigation or allowed to dry. Percentage mildew infection resulting from natural inoculum was recorded and the doubled haploid genotypes were classified as resistant, intermediate or susceptible on the basis of their control (watered) treatment scores. In each of the three designated classes, particular genotypes developed infection levels, following relief of water-stress, that were higher than those observed on the well-watered controls. This was found not to be related to the mlo allele as there was no significant difference between the increases observed on resistant plants carrying mlo9 and resistant plants carrying mlo11. Differences in the degree of breakdown of resistance were attributed to genetic background rather than to the specific mlo allele.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3059.1998.00261.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of salt tolerance of GPert and non-GPert barleys (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 116 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A salt tolerance experiment was performed to study the effect of the GPert mutation in different genetic backgrounds of spring barley, Hordeum vulgare. L. Twenty-one lines carrying GPert along with 20 related non-GPert lines were grown for 4 weeks in low salt (25 mol m−3 NaCI) and salt stress (175 mol m−3 NaCI) hydroponic cultures. Shoot Na+ content was taken as a measure of salt tolerance. Salt tolerance of the two groups (GPert versus non-GPert) was compared, as was the performance of individual GPert lines with their non-GPert parental lines. The results show that GPert has a general positive effect on salt tolerance in reducing shoot Na+ content, but that this is regulated by genetic background.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1997.tb02177.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic control over grain damage in a spring barley mapping population (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 123 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A genetic map was constructed using DNA-based markers in a barley mapping population derived from the cross ‘Tankard’בLivet’, that was developed to explore the genetic control over grain damage in spring barley cultivars. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) were located for husk skinning, gape between the lemma and palea and splitting of the fused pericarp/testa/aleurone tissues. The QTL accounted for 70% of the genetic variation in Split and 60% of the genetic variation in Gape and Skinning. The QTL were clustered on chromosomes 1H, 4H, 5H, 6H and 7H. QTL analysis indicates the possibility of transgressive segregation for grain splitting and so the breeding of lines with more extreme splitting. This is of concern to the malting industry as, without extensive phenotypic assessment, such lines could be commercialized, as was the case of Landlord, and put malting barley supplies at risk. These findings are discussed in relation to the genetic control over traits including grain length and width.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0179-9541.2003.00913.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Associations of simple sequence repeats with quantitative trait variation including biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in Hordeum spontaneum (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 122 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A total of 33 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) was analyzed in 52 genotypes of Hordeum spontaneum originally collected from two different soil types (Terra rossa and Basalt) at Tabigha in Israel. Data on the performance of developmental, morphological, and yield-related traits under well-watered control and water-stress conditions were available from previous experimentation, and powdery mildew susceptibility was scored. Regression analyses based on SSR allele class differences were performed. Highly significant associations were detected at the SSR loci Bmac181 (on chromosome 4H) and Bmac316 (6H) for water -stress tolerance and powdery mildew resistance, respectively. The study shows that association mapping using SSRs and genetically diverse germplasm provides an effective means of relating genotypes to complex quantitative phenotypes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2003.00841.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Susceptibility of oat cultivars to groat discoloration: causes and remedies (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 122 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Fungal isolations and fungicide efficacy trials were carried out to determine the possible causes of discoloration in oat groats and potential control measures. Alternaria species and Microdochium nivale were isolated from field samples, and Fusarium poae was found in glasshouse tests. Symptoms could be induced reliably in the field through the use of a mist irrigation system. The cultivar ‘Gerald’ was most resistant followed by ‘Jalna’. Cultivar ‘Image’ was most severely affected by discoloration and ‘Millennium’ was of intermediate susceptibility. None of the 28 fungicide-timing combinations used in the field trials affected the occurrence of discoloured groats. It was concluded that the best strategy for minimizing risk of discoloured groats would be screening new cultivars or breeding material in mist-irrigated field trials for genetically based resistance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2003.00779.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of Spring Barley Lines Produced by Single Seed Descent, Pedigree Inbreeding and Doubled Haploidy (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 97 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Samples of inbred lines of Hordeum vulgare produced by pedigree inbreeding, doubled haploidy and single seed descent have been compared for a range of agronomic characters. Differences between the means of the in bred s produced by single seed descent and pedigree breeding were due to differing levels of inbreeding. The present study confirmed chat recombinant inbred families which out-perform the higher scoring parent may be produced by either method. Caution should, however, be exercised when simply inherited characters controlled by major genes are fixed in early generations. Differences between the doubled haploid and single seed descent samples for the character thousand grain weight were attributable to coupling linkages involving epistatic genes. The production and evaluation of random inbred lines should be considered as an alternative to pedigree methods of barley breeding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1986.tb01045.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cross prediction studies on spring barley (1985)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 71 (1985), S. 550-555 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Barley ; Correlations ; Agronomic characters ; Selection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Additive genetic, dominance genetic and environmental correlations between pairs of agronomically important characters in five spring barley crosses were calculated from estimates of the components of variance and covariance, obtained by Triple Test Cross analysis. Phenotypic correlations were calculated from the Triple Test Cross family means and compared to the additive genetic correlations. Phenotypic correlations were generally lower than the additive genetic correlations and, occasionally, of different sign. The highest phenotypic correlations between single plant yield and its components were found with number of tillers whereas these were the lowest additive genetic correlations, thousand grain weight giving the highest. High dominance genetic correlations were found between single plant yield and both grain number and thousand grain weight thus indirect early generation selection for single plant yield using these two characters would be ineffective. Additive and dominance genetic correlations confirm association of the erectoides dwarfing gene with low thousand grain weight and plant yield.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00251204
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cross prediction studies on spring barley (1983)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 64 (1983), S. 353-358 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Cross prediction ; Genetical control ; Spring barley ; Yield ; Yield components
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The genetical and environmental control of yield and its components in spring barley, tillers per plant, grain number and grain weight has been investigated by triple test cross and linear modelfitting analyses. Additive and dominance effects were observed for both grain number and grain weight, but tiller number was almost totally controlled by environmental factors. Epistatic effects were usually absent, only grain number exhibited such effects. The heritabilities of the yield components varied from low (0.15) for tiller number to high (0.51) for grain weight. Yield itself, measured on a single plant basis was mainly under additive and dominance control, with little evidence for epistasis. The heritability for single plant yield was low (0.22). The possibilities for early generation selection for yield are discussed, and the relative contributions of each genetic and environmental component are described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00274179
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cross prediction studies on spring barley (1983)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 64 (1983), S. 345-352 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Cross prediction ; Genetical control ; Spring barley ; Height and maturity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The genetical and environmental control of three height characters, two maturity characters and neck length in five barley pair crosses was studied using both F2 triple test cross and model fitting analysis. Significant additive and dominance effects were found for all six characters with some evidence of epistasis for each character. Generally, dominance was incomplete for the height characters but was significantly directional for increased height in those crosses where dwarfing genes were segregating. Variable dominance effects were found for both the maturity characters. Complete dominance was found in three cases, otherwise incomplete dominance was found. Significant directional dominance for earliness was found for both maturity characters in one cross but this was attributed to the presence of a daylength insensitivity factor in one of the parents. Most of the genetic variation for neck length was additive, though some evidence of dominance was found. Broad sense and narrow sense heritability estimates generally were found to be high for the height and maturity characters but low for neck length. It was concluded that early generation selection for height at ear emergence, for final height and for awn emergence was worthwhile. Early generation selection for neck length was not recommended from the results of this study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00274178
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Competitive effects in monocultures and mixtures of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare) (1985)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 71 (1985), S. 443-450 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Hordeum vulgare ; Competition ; Plant breeding ; Monocultures ; Mixtures
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The presence of significant levels of intergenotypic competition amongst barley (Hordeum vulgare) genotypes has profound consequences for barley breeding programmes. Breeding programmes based on the pedigree system attempt to identify genotypes in genetically heterogeneous populations but the elite genotypes are grown in monoculture. Thus, to attain varietal status genotypes produced by this breeding strategy must perform well in mixtures as well as in pure stands. The effectiveness of early generation selection may be hampered by intergenotypic competition. To examine this problem in spring barley, a modified substitution experiment (Mather and Caligari 1981, 1983) was used and included genotypes sampled from a random set of inbred lines generated without conscious selection. This approach to the investigation of competitive effects in barley indicated the presence of significant levels of intergenotypic competition for a range of agronomic characters. The analyses allowed a distinction to be made between aggression (a) and response (r) with the component r displaying greater variation than a. The lack of correlation in the distribution of a and r suggested that they were under separate genetic control and hence adjustable by selection. The implications of these results for barley improvement, the use of varietal mixtures and mixed cropping are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00251185
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