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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A test station facility for research and development on fuel cell components and materials (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 68 (1997), S. 3540-3543 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: This work describes the characteristics of a bench station designed for both the control of the operational parameters of a unitary, low temperature fuel cell and the data acquisition for performance evaluation. The controlled parameters are the current through the cell, the pressure and the flow of the reactants, and the temperature of the cell and of the gaseous reactants. The system measures the potential drop across the cell and the potential of each electrode with respect to a reference, as a function of the current, which is varied on a predetermined interval. The program plots the results and fits the experimental curve to a theoretical expression, which allows the determination of the cell resistance and the Tafel kinetic parameters of the cell reactions. The test station provides a rapid route to the work with single/half cells in the evaluation of materials and fuel cell performance. The computer controlled procedures, data acquisition, and analyses proposed here substitute with advantages time consuming manual procedures. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1148334
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dependence of performance of solid polymer electrolyte fuel cells with low platinum loading on morphologic characteristics of the electrodes (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 21 (1991), S. 597-605 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract This paper describes the results of transmission electron microscopic, scanning electron microscopic and/or Rutherford backscattering spectroscopic analyses of platinum electrocatalysts supported on carbon, and of low catalyst loading gas-diffusion electrodes used in proton-exchange-membrane (PEM) fuel cells. We looked for correlations between the performance of PEM fuel cells and the morphology of low-catalyst-loading electrodes, taking into account the thickness of the catalyst layers, the crystallite sizes of the platinum electrocatalyst supported on carbon and the increased Pt catalyst content near the front of the electrodes. We reached the conclusion that the use of electrodes with thin catalyst layers (made by using platinum on carbon electrocatalysts with a high Pt/C weight ratio) and with more platinum localized near the front surface had the effect of diminishing the overpotentials in PEM fuel cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01024847
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development and electrochemical studies of gas diffusion electrodes for polymer electrolyte fuel cells (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 26 (1996), S. 297-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Electrochemical studies on low catalyst loading gas diffusion electrodes for polymer electrolyte fuel cells are reported. The best performance is obtained with an electrode formed from 20 wt% Pt/C, 0.4 mg Pt cm−2 and 1.1 mg Nafion® cm−2 in the catalyst layer and 15% PTFE in a diffusion layer of 50 µm thickness, for both the cathode and the anode. However, it is also observed that the platinum requirement can be diminished to values close to 0.2 mg Pt cm−2 in the cathode and 0.1 mg pt cm−2 in the anode, without appreciably affecting the good characteristics of the fuel cell response. The experimental fuel cell data were analysed using theoretical models of the electrode structure and of the fuel cell system. It is seen that most of the electrode systems present limiting currents and some also show linear diffusion components arising from diffusion limitations in the gas channels and/or in the thin film of electrolyte covering the catalyst particles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00242099
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation and characterization of matrices for phosphoric acid fuel cells (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 27 (1997), S. 19-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract In this work results on the preparation, characterization and single cell testing of matrices for phosphoric acid fuel cells are reported. The matrices were produced using mixtures of powders of silicon carbide with zirconium silicate or niobium carbide, by deposition of an aqueous emulsion of the powders on top of the catalyst layer of the gas diffusion electrodes, or by making a self-supported film of the materials. The physical characterization of the powders and of the matrices included the distribution of particle size and shape of the powders and the thickness, electrical resistance, and pore size distribution in the matrices. The matrices were evaluated under operation, using standard supported platinum on carbon gas diffusion electrodes in a H2O2 single fuel cell setup operating with phosphoric acid at 180. The results of the cell potential; current density characteristics were analysed to separate the contribution of the structural properties of the matrices on the total polarization losses of the single cells. It was found that a single cell operating with a self-supported matrix composed of 50wt% NbC+SiC has a much better performance than that observed with SiC alone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026406730131
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A modelling approach to the optimizaton of lead-acid battery electrodes (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 23 (1993), S. 1151-1161 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract A resistive grid model was used to study the current and ohmic overpotential distributions along the surface of lead-acid battery electrodes. Analyses were made under two different regimes: the initial behaviour at high current densities and the response with time at low current densities. At high discharge currents the theoretical results show that the geometry of the electrodes and the position of the lug play the most important role in controlling the magnitude of ohmic losses. The best geometry is a square grid with the lug positioned at the upper centre of the electrode. At low discharge currents the model was used to follow the current distribution along the electrode surface as a function of time. In this last study the appearance, for long discharge times, of short-circuited concentration microcells localized in certain regions of the electrode surface was noted. The other regions of the electrode supply the external discharge current and the excess current necessary to charge the internal microcell.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00625589
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of temperature on the water electrolysis reactions on nickel and nickel-based codeposits (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 18 (1988), S. 894-898 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Usually, an increase in the temperature of operation leads to a reduction in the voltage of operation of commercial water electrolyzers. The present work analyzes this effect in connection with the overpotential of the hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions on electrodeposited nickel and some nickel-based codeposits which under normal operational conditions have shown good electrocatalytic characteristics. Results on pure nickel are also presented for comparison. A pressure chamber, adequate for electrochemical studies at high temperatures and pressures is described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01016047
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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