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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Molecular Structure 297 (1993), S. 425-437 
    ISSN: 0022-2860
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 6 (1995), S. 76-79 
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Bioceramic coatings with defined chemical composition and structure are often needed to satisfy specific biocompatibility properties in the prosthetic field. An example is hydroxyapatite (HA) for coatings, which, according to the Standard Specifications of the ASTM, must be crystalline and have a stoichiometric molar ratio Ca/P=1.67 with a 95% minimum amount of HA. Since the methods (plasma flame spray, ion beam sputtering, etc.) to obtain bioceramic coatings, in particular those for HA, induce changes in the chemical composition, structure and physical state of the coating, an alternative and innovative method (the so-called polymeric route) which provides bioceramic coatings under less severe conditions with controlled chemical composition and structure, was used in this work. The method was applied to the preparation not only of HA, but also, for the first time, of high-temperature-melting calcium phosphate bioactive glasses with a molar ratio CaO/P2O5=1 (calcium metaphosphate) and in the range 1–1.5 (calcium oligophosphates). The different phases of the process were characterized by vibrational FTIR spectra. The structure of the final glasses were also studied by Raman spectroscopy and compared with the spectra of the same products obtained by the traditional melting method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 192-195 (Sept. 2000), p. 251-254 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: SERS, SERRS and NIR FTSERS of emodin and hypericin are reported for the first time on aqueous silver colloid. Intense SERRS spectra can be obtained when using excitation lines at 514 nm for emodin and 598 nm for hypericin. FTIR and NIR FTRaman spectra from these molecules and their model compounds, anthrone and bianthrone, were recorded to assist in the assignment of the SERS bands. From the analysis of the SERS spectra a different orientation for each molecule can be deduced. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biospectroscopy 3 (1997), S. 241-249 
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: NMR ; vibrational spectroscopy ; 5-bromouridine ; base pairing ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: A multinuclear magnetic resonance and vibrational study on 5-bromouridine and its base pairing with guanosine and adenosine in deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide at different concentrations is reported. A dicarbonylic non-self-associated form is suggested for 5-bromouridine on the basis of the 1H-, 15N-NMR, and Raman data. When guanosine is added in equimolar amounts, a downfield shift of the (N3)H proton of 5-bromouridine and of the (N1)H and NH2 protons of guanosine is observed; these results can be interpreted, according to the Raman ones, considering that only a fraction of guanosine is “wobble base paired” with 5-bromouridine, whereas the remaining part is self-associated. When 5-bromouridine is mixed with adenosine, the proton chemical shift of the aminic NH2 of adenosine increases and the (N3)H iminic of 5-bromouridine moves downfield at a value higher than that observed for the 5-bromouridine-guanosine mixture. This behavior supports the hypothesis that 5-bromouridine interacts more with adenosine than with guanosine, but the results obtained are not able to establish which type of pairing (Watson-Crick or Hoogsteen) is present. Finally, the infrared spectrum of the solid 5-bromouridine: adenosine adduct, for which X-ray measurements of other authors suggested a Hoogsteen pairing, is reported and the observed bands are discussed. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biospect 3: 241-249, 1997
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 23 (1989), S. 523-528 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: A new acetabular cup prosthesis made of alumina and bioactive glass was studied and evaluated using nondestructive and noninvasive Raman laser spectroscopy. The prosthesis consists of an alumina socket coated with a double layer of alumina beads bonded to the prosthesis with a layer of glass. Raman spectroscopy showed that both the socket and the beads are composed of α-Al2O3 (corundum), while the bioactive glass (alkaline and alkaline earth alumosilicate with a small quantity of zirconium oxide) showed this to have an intermediate structure between that of vitreous silica and that of the alkaline and alkaline earth disilicate glasses. The Raman spectra of the contact surfaces between the bioactive glass and the alumina of the assembled prosthesis and of an alumina disk coated with the same glass showed the presence of new bands which may be correlated with a chemical interaction between the components of the prosthesis.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 25 (1991), S. 23-38 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Variable alumina quantities were added to two types of calcium phosphate materials-hydroxyapatite ceramics with Ca/P = 1.67 and calcium metaphosphate glass with Ca/P = 1-in order to increase their mechanical properties. Raman spectroscopy shows that alumina interacts with the phosphate group of these materials, while thermomechanical analysis shows that their elastic modulus has a value similar to that of bone. Histological sections demonstrate that the surface in close contact with ceramic materials shows a good integration between bone and biomaterial. All ceramic specimens are penetrated by well-stained, presumably glycoprotein, matrix, that consistently forms a thin network in close contact with the implant. After 6 weeks bone growing on both ceramic and glass shows signs of maturation with a lamellar structure and an apparently normal mineralization. In the case of the glass, inside this newly formed bone, were often observed two layers, the internal one showing a well defined lamellar structure.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: The clinical use of a new ceramic composite material made up of multilayered alumina beads and adhered to a ceramic surface with a high-temperature-melting bioglass is proposed. The result is a structure characterised by a 27% porosity and an average pore diameter of 400 μm. The actual structure of the parts as well as their interface interaction were determined by Raman laser. The mechanical resistance of the adherence of this coating for the ceramic substratum was good enough to resist the stress to which it was submitted when used for a new model of prosthetic acetabulum. Experiments with rabbits revealed the good biocomatibility of the composite. The osteoproductive activity of the tissue surrounding the implant led to the gradual filling of the porosity with trabecular structures. The preliminary results of the clinical experience which began in November 1985, confirm the good compatibility of the ceramic composite.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Raman spectra were obtained directly in a non-destructive and non-invasive way from the biomaterials PMMA [poly(methyl methacrylate)], HDPE (high-density polyethylene), α-Al2O3 (alumina) and HA (hydroxyapatite) constituting the components (bone cement, acetabular cup, ball and stem coated with ceramic) of a hip prosthesis. The aim was to give an objective contribution at a molecular level to predict their biocompatibility. In particular, Raman spectra of explanted PMMA bone cements do not show the 1640 cm-1 band due to the stretching mode of C=C unsaturated centres. Moreover, conformational changes of PMMA following the implant appear in the spectra in the range 1100-500 cm-1, where conformational marker bands at 985, 968, 601 and 565 cm-1 are present. The limited number of HDPE explanted acetabular cups did not allow unequivocal Raman results to be obtained by means of band deconvolution in the region between 1500 and 1000 cm-1, regarding the changes in the crystalline, amorphous and interfacial contents of the acetabular cup surfaces following the implant. α-Al2O3 proved to be a ceramic with good biocompatibility as a biomaterial constituting a hip prosthesis. As regards the stem coating, Raman and Fourier transform IR spectra of HA pre-coating and HA coating on metal implants show spectroscopic modifications due to structural and chemical changes with formation of other calcium phosphates. The development of new bioactive coatings containing precursors of bone growth and able to promote osteogenesis is outlined.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 25 (1994), S. 105-108 
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Synthetic methods which provide alternatives to the oxide melting method for the preparation of inorganic glasses are described. These methods were monitored by Raman spectroscopy. The transformation products involved in two main synthetic methods, the ‘sol-gel’ method illustrated here for obtaining glassy SiO2 and the ‘polymeric’ route used for the first time in the preparation of calcium phosphate glasses (CaO.P2O5, calcium metaphosphate; xCaO.P2O5, calcium oligophosphates, where x ≤ 1.6) are characterized and discussed using their Raman spectra. These alternative methods allow vitreous materials to be prepared at moderate temperatures. They can therefore be important in the field of biomaterials for coating metal implants with bioactive glasses and ceramics. The melting method (for glasses) and the plasma spray technique (for ceramics) frequently induce changes of stoichiometry in the coating and also activation of the support material, metal or alloy, resulting in a lack of biocompatibility.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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