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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Vacuum sublimation and solvent extraction of polycyclic aromatic compounds adsorbed on carbonaceous materials (1981)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 53 (1981), S. 2067-2072 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Quelle: ACS Legacy Archives
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac00236a028
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Intrauterine 10μg and 20μg levonorgestrel systems in postmenopausal women receiving oral oestrogen replacement therapy: clinical, endometrial and metabolic response (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    BJOG 109 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Objective The clinical and endometrial efficacy and lipid response of two different doses of intrauterine levonorgestrel were assessed in comparison with sequential oral medroxyprogesterone acetate in postmenopausal women receiving continuous oral E2-valerate.Design One-year prospective multicentre randomised control trial.Setting Four outpatient clinics in Oulu, Helsinki and Jyväskylä, Finland.Population A total of 163 healthy volunteer postmenopausal women with climacteric complaints or already using hormone replacement therapy (HRT).Interventions Subjects were randomly allocated to receive a new intrauterine system releasing 10μg of levonorgestrel daily or an established intrauterine system (Mirena) releasing 20μg of levonorgestrel daily or sequential oral medroxyprogesterone acetate (5mg/day, 14/30 days). All three regimens were combined with an oral daily dose of 2mg of E2-valerate.Main outcome measures Bleeding patterns were assessed by diaries kept by the subjects. Endometrial effects were evaluated by histologic biopsies taken at the baseline and after six and 12 months of therapy. Serum concentrations of total, HDL and LDL cholesterol, triglycerides and lipoprotein(a) were determined at the baseline and after six and 12 months of therapy.Results Insertion of the smaller 10μg levonorgestrel system was easy in 70% and difficult in 4% and that of Mirena was easy in 46% and difficult in 21% of the subjects. After six months of therapy, 43 (95.6%) of the 47 subjects receiving 10μg levonorgestrel and 54 (98.2%) of the 55 subjects receiving 20μg levonorgestrel had no bleeding, while the sequential medroxyprogesterone acetate regimen produced typical cyclic withdrawal bleedings. Endometrial hyperplasia was not observed in any of the treatment groups during the 12-month study. After 12 months of therapy, strong endometrial suppression was found in 46/47 and 55/55 of the subjects receiving 10μg and 20μg of levonorgestrel, respectively, while the endometrium was proliferative in 18/47 of the subjects in the medroxyprogesterone acetate group. Serum total cholesterol decreased in all treatment groups. HDL cholesterol increased in women receiving medroxyprogesterone acetate or the smaller intrauterine dose of levonorgestrel.Conclusions Both intrauterine doses of levonorgestrel provided good endometrial protection in postmenopausal women on oestrogen replacement therapy. The advantage of the 10μg system with a smaller size is the easier insertion of the system and a minimal attenuation of the favourable effects of oral oestrogen on the serum lipid profile.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2002.01167.x
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effect of fuel polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content on the emissions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and other mutagenic substances from a gasoline-fueled automobile (1988)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Environmental science & technology 22 (1988), S. 925-930 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5851
    Quelle: ACS Legacy Archives
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Energietechnik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es00173a010
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Verifying Temporal Properties of Reactive Systems: A STeP Tutorial (2000)
    Springer
    Formal methods in system design 16 (2000), S. 227-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8102
    Schlagwort(e): temporal logic ; deductive verification ; verification diagrams ; model checking
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract We review a number of formal verification techniques supported by STeP, the Stanford Temporal Prover, describing how the tool can be used to verify properties of several versions of the Bakery Mutual exclusion algorithm for mutual exclusion. We verify the classic two-process algorithm and simple variants, as well as an atomic parameterized version. The methods used include deductive verification rules, verification diagrams, automatic invariant generation, and finite-state model checking and abstraction.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008700623084
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Deductive Model Checking (1999)
    Springer
    Formal methods in system design 15 (1999), S. 49-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8102
    Schlagwort(e): deductive verification ; model checking ; reactive systems
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract We present an extension of classical tableau-based model checking procedures to the case of infinite-state systems, using deductive methods in an incremental construction of the behavior graph. Logical formulas are used to represent infinite sets of states in an abstraction of this graph, which is repeatedly refined in the search for a counterexample computation, ruling out large portions of the graph before they are expanded to the state-level. This can lead to large savings, even in the case of finite-state systems. Only local conditions need to be checked at each step, and previously proven properties can be used to further constrain the search. Although the resulting method is not always automatic, it provides a flexible, general and complete framework that can integrate a diverse number of other verification tools.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008791913551
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Decameter storm radiation, I (1975)
    Springer
    Solar physics 42 (1975), S. 467-486 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Abstract A log-periodic array, 3 km long in the E-W direction is in operation at the Clark Lake Radio Observatory. The solar brightness distribution is swept once per second in the 65-20 MHz frequency range. The analysis of the interferometer records allows the determination of one dimensional solar burst positions, to an accuracy of 0.1 R ⊙ at 60 MHz and 0.3 R ⊙ at 30 MHz, approximately. Six long duration noise storms have been observed over an eight month period, extending from January to September, 1971. The storms are described and their relation to chromospheric active regions and flares is discussed. Decametric storms are found to be related to complexes of interacting active regions. The interaction is studied in terms of the number of ‘simultaneous’ flares observed to occur in the various active regions. On the average, twice as many ‘simultaneous’ flares are observed than would be expected if flares occurred at random. An analysis of coronal magnetic field maps computed from longitudinal photospheric fields shows magnetic arcades and some divergent field lines at the site of storm regions. Decimeter and meter wavelength sources are found to be associated with all decameter storms. At decimeter wavelengths double or multiple sources are often seen above individual active regions forming part of the chromospheric complex.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00149927
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The spectrum and position of solar noise storms at decameter wavelengths (1977)
    Springer
    Solar physics 55 (1977), S. 195-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Abstract Decametric storm radiation during the period July–August 1970 has been observed simultaneously with a high sensitivity spectrograph at Arecibo Observatory and with the log-periodic, swept-frequency array of the Clark Lake Radio Observatory. The observations complement each other; different types of fine structure emissions can be easily identified on the spectrograph records and their position can be determined from the swept-frequency recordings. We study the relative positions of the different emissions which have been observed during the storms. Four distinct sources appeared to be present. The continuum emission, the type I bursts and the flare-related type III's were all emitted at different locations. The storm type III bursts, type IIIb's and drift pairs overlapped in position, but appeared at different locations than the previously mentioned sources.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00150885
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Rab11 is associated with GLUT4-containing vesicles and redistributes in response to insulin (2000)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 43 (2000), S. 1518-1527 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Schlagwort(e): Keywords GLUT4 trafficking ; Rab11 ; cardiac muscle ; GLUT4-containing vesicles ; small GTP-binding proteins ; Zucker rats.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Aims/hypothesis. To identify a GTPase of 24 000 Mr which we recently found to co-localize with GLUT4 in cardiac muscle. Methods. A 24 000 Mr-GTP-binding fraction was purified from pig heart by a three-step chromatographic procedure, followed by two-dimensional electrophoresis and electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry. Subcellular distribution of the GTPase was assessed by western blotting. Co-localization with GLUT4 was assessed by continuous sucrose density gradient fractionation and immunoadsorption of GLUT4-containing vesicles. Results. The Rab11 protein was identified as a major component of the GTP-binding fraction and its expression in rat cardiac muscle was confirmed. In vivo insulin treatment resulted in the recruitment of Rab11 from the microsomal fraction to the plasma membrane. Subcellular fractionation indicated two immunoreactive GLUT4 pools. Most of the intracellular pool of Rab11 overlapped with the high-density GLUT4 pool and most of the transferrin receptor pool. The Rab11 protein also co-sedimented with the low-density, non-endosomal GLUT4 pool and substantially increased in this fraction after insulin treatment. It was specifically present in GLUT4-containing vesicles and insulin increased its abundance in these vesicles 2.2-fold relative to the amount of GLUT4. These vesicles also containend Rab4 and Akt-2, the latter being only associated after insulin stimulation. Insulin was unable to alter the cellular localization of Rab11 in insulin-resistant obese Zucker rats. Conclusion/interpretation. These results support the hypothesis that at least two GTPases of the Rab family participate in GLUT4-vesicle trafficking. We suggest that Rab11 is involved in the endosomal recycling, sorting and exocytotic movement of the glucose transporter. [Diabetologia (2000) 43: 1518–1527]
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250051563
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A decameter type II burst associated with a behind-the-limb flare (1976)
    Springer
    Solar physics 48 (1976), S. 357-360 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Abstract The characteristics of a decameter type II burst associated with a possible behind-the-limb flare are discussed. The burst source had an unusually high velocity. Assuming that the disturbance propagated as an MHD wave, the magnetic field strength at the 40 MHz plasma level is estimated to be 5.6 gauss.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00152001
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Fluorine deshielding in the proximity of a methyl group. An experimental and theoretical study (1991)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 29 (1991), S. 422-432 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-1581
    Schlagwort(e): 19F NMR ; 1-Alkyl-8-fluoronaphthalenes ; Fluorine deshielding ; 19F chemical shift theory ; Magnetic shielding tensor calculations ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: 19F chemical shifts are reported for a series of alkyl-substituted fluoronaphthalenes and related compounds that exhibit steric crowding around the fluorine atom due to the proximity of methyl groups. Comparisons of these chemical shifts with others measured in similar compounds but without the corresponding methyl groups show that this crowding effect produces a large low-field shift of the 19F signal. Similar effects, but with an even larger sensitivity to the steric crowding, were recently reported for 17O chemical shifts. The electronic origin for this proximity effect on 19F chemical shifts is analyzed within the molecular orbital theory, at the INDO level, using the inner projections of the polarization propagator technique. It is found that the presence of the methyl group produces an increase in the absolute value of the paramagnetic term of the magnetic shielding constant.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1260290504
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