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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Frontal brain asymmetry and emotional reactivity: A biological substrate of affective style (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Psychophysiology 30 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-8986
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Individuals differ dramatically in the quality and intensity of their response to affectively evocative stimuli. On the basis of prior theory and research, we hypothesized that these individual differences are related to variation in activation of the left and right frontal brain regions. We recorded baseline brain electrical activity from subjects on two occasions 3 weeks apart. Immediately following the second recording, subjects were exposed to brief positive and negative emotional film clips. For subjects whose frontal asymmetry was stable across the 3-week period, greater left frontal activation was associated with reports of more intense positive affect in response to the positive films, whereas greater right frontal activation was associated with more intense reports of negative affect in response to the negative film clips. The methodological and theoretical implications of these data are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.1993.tb03207.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Task-dependent changes in frontal brain asymmetry: Effects of incentive cues, outcome expectancies, and motor responses (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Psychophysiology 38 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-8986
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: The current study was designed to clarify the psychological functions most closely associated with frontal brain asymmetry. Electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded from 60 participants while they performed a delayed reaction time (RT) task that included manipulations of incentive, expectancy, and response. Significant alpha asymmetry effects were reflected in topographic differences across anterior EEG sites. Variations in monetary incentives resulted in parametric changes in anterior frontal alpha asymmetry. Manipulations of outcome expectancies were related to mid-frontal EEG changes that differed for men and women. Varied response requirements were related to central asymmetry patterns. Taken together, the findings suggest that regionally specific patterns of frontal asymmetry are functionally related to particular aspects of approach–withdrawal tendencies involved in the temporal guidance and regulation of goal-directed behavior.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1469-8986.3830500
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Psychometric Properties of Resting Anterior EEG Asymmetry: Temporal Stability and Internal Consistency (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Psychophysiology 29 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-8986
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: We examined whether resting anterior electroencephalographic (EEG) asymmetry in the alpha frequency band has psychometric properties that would be expected of a measure assessing individual differences. In each of two experimental sessions, separated by three weeks, resting EEG in midfrontal and anterior temporal sites was recorded from 85 female adults during eight 60-s baselines. Resting alpha asymmetry demonstrated acceptable test-retest stability and excellent internal consistency reliability. Analyses including other frequency bands indicated that degree of stability varied somewhat as a function of band and region. In addition, asymmetry was less stable than absolute power. Discussion focuses on the implications of the present findings for the measurement and conceptualization of resting anterior asymmetry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.1992.tb02034.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Early- and late-onset startle modulation in unipolar depression (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Psychophysiology 41 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-8986
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: In two experimental sessions, we assessed early- and late-onset acoustic startle eyeblink modulation and subjective ratings of emotional pictures by nondepressed participants and by unipolar depressed participants. Depressed participants were assessed before and after treatment with the antidepressant medication Bupropion SR. Both depressed and nondepressed participants exhibited arousal-dependent startle modulation to early probes occurring 300 ms after picture onset. Nondepressed participants demonstrated the expected valence-dependent startle modulation to late probes (3,500–4,500 ms post-onset). In contrast, the late-probe blink magnitudes of depressed patients were unrelated to picture valence. This pattern of group differences was not moderated by treatment. There were no between-group differences in self-report ratings to pictures. These results suggest that depression may be characterized by anomalous responses to affective stimuli and that startle modulation can be a more sensitive index of affective response deficits linked to depression than self-report measures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.00162.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING: Strengths, Limitations, and Misconceptions (2005)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Clinical Psychology (2005) 1 (2005), S. 31-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 1548-5943
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Because structural equation modeling (SEM) has become a very popular data-analytic technique, it is important for clinical scientists to have a balanced perception of its strengths and limitations. We review several strengths of SEM, with a particular focus on recent innovations (e.g., latent growth modeling, multilevel SEM models, and approaches for dealing with missing data and with violations of normality assumptions) that underscore how SEM has become a broad data-analytic framework with flexible and unique capabilities. We also consider several limitations of SEM and some misconceptions that it tends to elicit. Major themes emphasized are the problem of omitted variables, the importance of lower-order model components, potential limitations of models judged to be well fitting, the inaccuracy of some commonly used rules of thumb, and the importance of study design. Throughout, we offer recommendations for the conduct of SEM analyses and the reporting of results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.1.102803.144239
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The concurrent validity of three self-report measures of borderline personality (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment 15 (1993), S. 255-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3505
    Keywords: borderline personality ; construct validity ; assessment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Psychology
    Notes: Abstract The recent accumulation of self-report measures of borderline personality disorder (BPD) affords the opportunity to evaluate both the construct validity of the concept and the quality of these measures. This study examines the relationship among three recently developed self-report instruments for assessing BPD from the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI; Morey, 1991), the MMPI Personality Disorders Scales (MPD; Morey, Waugh, & Blashfield, 1985), and the Bell Object Relations Inventory (BORI: Bell, Billington, & Becker, 1986). Data on the three measures were provided by 119 undergraduate subjects from a southeastern university. A correlational analysis addresses the convergence of these measures of BPD, their divergence from measures of different but related traits, and their independence from variance due to method. Application of the Campbell-Fiske (1959) criteria indicates adequate convergence for all the BPD measures but a lack of discriminant validity for the BORI scales. The fit of the data to a structural model of construct validity is tested using confirmatory factor analysis, and these results are consistent with the hypothesis of a latent borderline trait factor independent of measurement method factors. In sum, the construct validity of the borderline personality concept using self-report methodologies receives support, and a strong association between borderline personality and paranoid phenomena is also suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01371382
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of differential self-monitoring and level of mastery on sports performance: Brain power bowling (1982)
    Springer
    Cognitive therapy and research 6 (1982), S. 335-341 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2819
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Psychology
    Notes: Abstract On the basis of laboratory research on self-regulation, it was hypothesized that positive self-monitoring, more than negative self-monitoring or comparison and control procedures, would improve the bowling averages of unskilled league bowlers (N =60). Conversely, negative self-monitoring was expected to produce the best outcome for relatively skillful league bowlers (N =67). In partial support of these hypotheses, positive self-monitors significantly improved their bowling averages from the 90-game baseline to the 9- to 15-game postintervention assessment (Ximprovement = 11 pins) more than all other groups of low-skilled bowlers; higher skilled bowlers' groups did not change differentially. In conjunction with other findings in cognitive behavior therapy and sports psychology, the implications of these results for delineating the circumstances under which positive self-monitoring facilitates self-regulation are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01173581
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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