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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrography and distribution dynamics of larval and juvenile fishes in the coastal waters of the Tanshui River estuary, Taiwan, with reference to estuarine larval transport (1993)
    Springer
    Marine biology 116 (1993), S. 205-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Distribution dynamics of fish larvae and juveniles in the coastal waters of the Tanshui River, Taiwan was studied fortnightly using surface horizontal tows with a larval net in daytime during the period from early April through early June 1991. Environmental factors, including water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, transparency and depth at sampling stations, were also monitored. A total of 10737 fish eggs and 1387 individuals, representing 43 families and 93 species, was collected during five cruises from 12 stations in the coastal waters. Most fish were estuarine-dependent marine species. Liza macrolepis, Ambassis gymnocephalus, Terapon jarbua, Mullidae and Gobiidae were the most dominant, making up 64.7% of the total catch. Early life stages, including egg, preflexion, flexion and postflexion larvae were abundant in surface samples. However, yolk-sac larvae were absent in the surface water, probably due to an ontogenetic behavioral shift as a consequence of a change in specific weight during early development. The species composition of fish larvae and juveniles was related to the microhabitats found in the coastal waters. The physico-chemical conditions, along with ontogenetic behavior, played an important role in larval fish distribution in the coastal waters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00350010
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Occurrence of the semi-catadromous European eel Anguilla anguilla in the Baltic Sea (2000)
    Springer
    Marine biology 137 (2000), S. 93-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Strontium (Sr) and calcium (Ca) contents in the otoliths of yellow and silver European eels [Anguilla anguilla (L.)] collected from coastal waters of the Baltic Sea and a freshwater lake in Sweden were examined by wavelength dispersive X-ray spectrometry with an electron microprobe. The mean Sr/Ca ratios from elver check to otolith edge were significantly higher for the eels from coastal waters (5.39 ± 1.09‰) than for those from the lake (0.71 ± 0.89‰). The evidence indicates that European eels in the Baltic Sea do not necessarily migrate into freshwater streams during the growth phase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270000330
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship between growth rate and age at recruitment ofAnguilla japonica elvers in a Taiwan estuary as inferred from otolith growth increments (1990)
    Springer
    Marine biology 107 (1990), S. 75-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The growth history and recruitment dynamics of eel (Anguilla japonica) elvers were studied. Observations were based on growth increments in sagittal otoliths of elvers collected from Shuang-Chi River estuary off northeastern Taiwan, from November 1985 to February 1986. Total lengths of elvers upon arrival at the estuary were similar in most case; mean total lengths were from 55.99 to 59.06 mm. Daily ages of elvers at arrival ranged from 112.8±9.4 (±SD) to 156.5±13.5 d, indicating that migration of eel larvae from their oceanic spawning ground to the estuary requires 4 to 5 mo. Elver hatching dates, back-calculated from estimated daily ages, indicated that the spawning season lasted 5 mo (from late June to early October). Furthermore, the earlier eels spawned, the earlier elvers reached the estuary. The transition in growth history during the larval stage was obvious, as indicated from the change in increment width in elver otoliths. The inverse correlation between daily age and mean daily growth rates of fish length and otolith indicated that the age of elvers upon arrival at the estuary was susceptible to larval growth rate. In other words, the time taken on migration from oceanic spawning ground to the estuary was shorter for fast-growing larvae than for slowgrowing ones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01313244
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature effects on the incorporation of strontium in otolith of Japanese eel Anguilla japonica (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 45 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The effects of temperature on somatic and otolith growth and the incorporation of strontium in otolith of the Japanese eel, were studied in laboratory-reared and field-caught eels. The somatic and otolith growth rates of the eel increased significantly with temperature and were estimated as approximately 0·096 mm t.l, (P〈0·01) and 0·36 μm in otolith diameter per degree-day (0·01〈P〈0·05), respectively. In contrast, the Sr/Ca ratio in the otoliths was negatively correlated with water temperature. The feasibility of using the otolith Sr/Ca ratio to reconstruct environmental temperature history of the eel is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1994.tb01072.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in otolith microchemistry of the Japanese eel, Anguitta japonica, during its migration from the ocean to the rivers of Taiwan (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 45 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The newly recruited Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica, elvers and 1-year-old eels collected in estuaries and in rivers, respectively, were studied. The microstructure and chemical composition of the sagittal otolith of these eels were examined by SEM and wavelength-dispersive spectrometer (WDS), A transition zone or‘elver mark’was observed in the otolith of the young eels. A comparison of the otoliths of elvers with those from the 1-year-old eels suggests that this transition zone was deposited during upstream migration, a change from a marine to freshwater environment. Strontium (Sr) content in the primordium of the otolith of both elvers and young eels was low, probably due to the maternal or freshwater origin of the oocyte. The concentration of Sr in the otolith increased gradually during marine life and reached a peak approximately 1 month before upstream migration. As the elvers entered the estuary, the Src concentration dramatically decreased and remained at a low level thereafter. These findings indicate that the history of the migratory environment of the eel can be reconstructed from a combined study of otolith microstructure and microchemistry analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1994.tb00933.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scanning electron microscopic analysis of annulus microstructure in otolith of European eel, Anguilla anguilla (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 45 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: To validate the yearly periodicity of annulus formation in the otolith of the eel, the structure of annuli in otoliths of the European eel, Anguilla anguilla, stocked for 7 and 12 years in Lake Ommen on the east coast of southern Sweden, was examined. The population was stocked from elvers imported both from France (Bay of Biscay) in April 1979 and England (River Severn) in March–April 1984. The microstructure of an annulus consisted of single, double and/or composite tings depending on the location in the otolith. The counts of annuli in otoliths of these eels were approximately consistent with the expected age. However, supernumerary false annuli and/or annulus underestimation frequently occurred. The methodology for annulus discrimination with light and scanning electron microscopes is described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1994.tb01330.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relative abundance, sex ratio and population structure of the Japanese eel Anguilla japonica in the Tanshui River system of northern Taiwan (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 46 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: From the Gong-Shy-Tyan (GST) Stream and the Tanshui River, Taiwan, eels ranged from 5.53 cm t.l. (elvers) to 72.5 cm t.l. Anguilla japonica accounted for 93-99%, A. marmorata 1-7% and A. bicolor pacifica less than 1% of all eels caught. Mean eel lengths increased from 10 cm t.l. at the downstream sites to 50 cm t.l. at the upstream sites. Females made up 92.8% of the sex-determined eels. Population density, averaged approximately 0.14 eel m−2 (2.42 g m−2) and 0.25 eel m−2 (0.92 g m−2) in downstream sites of the GST and Tanshui River, respectively, and decreased substantially with upstream distance. Eels were rarely found in the heavily polluted and dam constructed areas in the midstream site of the Tanshui River.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1995.tb05961.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Otolith microstructure and daily age of Anguilla japonica, Temminck & Schlegel elvers from the estuaries of Taiwan with reference to unit stock and larval migration (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 40 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: To test the hypothesis that the Japanese eel, Anguillu japonica, elvers in the eastern and western coasts of Taiwan are recruited from two different spawning grounds and to increase the knowledge of the early life history of the eel, the otolith microstructure and daily age of elvers collected from five estuaries in the coast of Taiwan during December 1989 through February 1990 were examined by scanning electron microscopy. The total length of elvers at arrival in the estuaries was similar among estuaries, averaging c. 56.0 mm and showed a seasonal decrease. The maximum radius of the sagittal otolith of elvers ranged from 124.46 to 181.82μm with a mean of 143.15 ± 12.72 μm. The otolith from centre to edge included an organic-rich primordium (9.20 ± 2.02 μm in diameter), a diffusively calcified core (20.94 ± 1.99 μm), and the daily growth increments; these three layers were probably deposited during the embryonic, yolk sac and feeding period respectively. The growth rate of the otolith was higher at the beginning of early life (0.5−1.0 μm day −1), lowest at approximately 100-days old (〈0.5 μm day−1), and highest 1 month before arrival at the estuary (〉 1.0 pm day−1). The mean age for elvers arriving in the estuaries of the coasts of Taiwan was approximately 170.4 ± 21.02 days. Neither the growth pattern of the otolith nor the age of elvers arriving in the estuary were significantly different among estuaries, indicating that the elvers in both eastern and western Taiwan were probably recruited from the same spawning ground. The growth pattern of the otolith in relation to larval migration was analysed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1992.tb02631.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Daily growth increments in otoliths of milkfish, Chanos chanos (Forsskål), larvae (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 32 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The formation of daily growth increments of otoliths was studied in the reared larvae of milkfish. The first growth increment was formed during the yolk–sac reabsorption period c.2 days after hatching, and increment formation continued on a daily schedule regardless of growth rate. The initial incremental zone was of amorphous structure, and the subsequent incremental zone was of needle–shaped crystalline structure; the former structure was formed in the yolk–sac reabsorption period of the larva and the latter in the exogenous feeding period. Accordingly, ageing of milkfish larvae is possible by counting growth increments, and timings within the developmental stage of the larvae can be understood by examining the otolith microstructure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1988.tb05389.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of starvation on the formation of daily growth increments in the otoliths of milkfish, Chanos chanos (Forsskål), larvae (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 40 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The effects of starvation on daily growth and increment formation in the otolith were examined using a double oxytetracycline-labelling method on larval milkfish, Chanos chanos (Forsskål), reared under different feeding regimes. The results indicated that the differences in body and otolith growth between the larvae fed once and three times a day were not significant, and that the otolith growth increment was deposited daily in both groups of fed larvae. In contrast, the starved larvae grew at a slower rate than fed larvae in body length and otolith dimensions, and the otolith growth increment in the starved larvae was not deposited on a daily basis. After undergoing starvation, the larvae were unable to recover their normal growth either in otolith increment deposition or in body and otolith growth even though they were fed. Therefore, the application of ageing techniques based on counting otolith growth increments seems to be inaccurate for starved larvae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1992.tb02552.x
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