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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Maligne Hyperthermie (1994)
    Springer
    Der Anaesthesist 43 (1994), S. 557-569 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-055X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter: Anästhesie – Maligne Hyperthermie – Succinylcholin – Volatile Anästhetika – Dantrolen ; Key words: Anaesthesia – Malignant hyperthermia – Succinylcholine – Volatile anaesthetics – Dantrolene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract. Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a rare, life-threatening pharmacogenetic disease. The genetic incidence is estimated to be 1 : 10 000. In predisposed individuals, MH is triggered by volatile anaesthetics and/or depolarizing muscle relaxants by an abnormal increase of intracellular calcium concentration in skeletal muscle cells. The clinical presentation may vary from abortive MH to the fulminant MH crisis. Early diagnosis, the use of electrocardiography and capnography for anaesthetic monitoring, immediate cessation of trigger agents and dantrolene treatment are essential components of an effective MH therapy. In some MH families, a genetic alteration of the ryanodine receptor gene (a calcium channel of the sarcoplasmic reticulum) on chromosome 19 has been identified as the potential cause of MH susceptibility. Recent molecular biological findings support the view of MH being a heterogenetic disease. At present, the diagnosis in potentially MH-susceptible individuals is still made using the in vitro halothane and caffeine muscle contracture test.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung. Die Maligne Hyperthermie (MH) ist eine seltene, akute, lebensbedrohende, pharmakogenetische Erkrankung. Die genetische Inzidenz wird auf 1 : 10 000 geschätzt. Durch die Verwendung volatiler Anästhetika und/oder depolarisierender Muskelrelaxanzien (sog. Triggersubstanzen) kann bei prädisponierten Personen eine MH als Folge einer akuten intrazellulären Kalziumstoffwechselstörung in der Skelettmuskulatur auftreten. Das klinische Bild ist nicht einheitlich, es kann von differentialdiagnostisch schwierigen Episoden bis zur fulminanten MH-Krise reichen. Eine frühzeitige Diagnose erfolgt dank der Monitorisierung der Patienten mit Elektrokardiographie (EKG) und Kapnographie. Neben einer raschen Diagnosestellung kann eine MH durch einen sofortigen Stopp der Triggersubstanzen und durch die Verabreichung von Dantrolen erfolgreich therapiert werden. In einigen MH-Familien wurde eine Veränderung auf dem Chromosom 19 im Bereich der Codierung des Ryanodinrezeptors (Kalziumkanal des sarkoplasmatischen Retikulums) gefunden. Neuere molekularbiologische Erkenntnisse unterstützen die Ansicht, daß die MH eine heterogenetische Erkrankung ist. Deshalb muß die präsymptomatische Diagnose und die Abklärung bei MH-verdächtigen Reaktionen immer noch mit der in-vitro-Muskelkontrakturtestung mit Halothan und Koffein erfolgen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001010050093
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A single-photon imaging system for the simultaneous quantitation of luminescent emissions from multiple samples
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Analytical Biochemistry 168 (1988), S. 462-469 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-2697
    Keywords: ATP bioluminescence ; granulocytes ; lucigenin ; luminescence ; microtiter plates ; phorbol myristate acetate ; photonic imaging ; superoxide ; tumor necrosis factor
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(88)90344-2
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of three different types of management on the elimination kinetics of volatile anaesthetics (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 48 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The effectiveness of three types of management on the elimination kinetics of volatile anaesthetics was studied prospectively in 45 patients randomised to one of three groups. Patients were anaesthetised using isoflurane. Inspiratory and expiratory isoflurane concentrations were measured. After reaching a steady-state isoflurane concentration, the vaporizer was turned off. In group I, only the fresh gas flow was increased from 40 to 120 ml.kg−1.mìn−1. Patients in group 2, in addition to the increase in the fresh gas flow, had a charcoal filter connected in the inspiratory limb of the circuit. Patients in group 3 had the fresh gas flow increased and the anaesthetic machine and breathing system changed. There was a statistically significant difference in the isoflurane washout from the anaesthetic machines between group 1 (90% elimination time 39 [10] s) and group 2 (90% elimination time 25 [5] s) (p 〈 0.01). However, there was no significant difference in the isoflurane washout from the patients in any of the groups. Thus the use of a charcoal filter or a change of the anaesthetic machine and breathing system proved to be of no clinical advantage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1993.tb07414.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laryngospasm during transtracheal high frequency jet ventilation (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 47 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A 74-year-old woman developed severe cardiovascular depression during percutaneous transtracheal high frequency jet ventilation for laser surgery of the epiglottis. This was found to be caused by acute airway obstruction secondary to severe laryngospasm. We recommend profound neuromuscular blockade during percutaneous transtracheal jet ventilation, in order to prevent this complication.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1992.tb03146.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxidative Burst in Human Epstein-Barr Virus-Transformed B-Cell Lines Triggered by Immobilized Specific Antigen (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 32 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Normal human B lymphocytes and Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B-cell lines can produce reactive oxygen species such as superoxide if treated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) or with the surface immunoglobulin cross-linking agents protein A and anti-immunoglobulin. Here, we investigated under which conditions specific antigen, the natural ligand of surface immunoglobulin, can stimulate an oxidative burst in monoclonal Epstein Barr virus-transformed B-cell lines producing antibodies of known specificities. After a short lag time of 1-2 min, exposure to the specific antigen stimulated a prolonged oxidative burst (tmax, 30-90 min). as measured by Lucigenin-enhanced, superoxide dismutase-inhibitable chemiluminescence, in the corresponding line only. The effect was induced in each line if the specific antigen was immobilized to a solid support. Except in one line in which antigen also stimulated an oxidative burst if presented at relatively high density on a soluble carrier, soluble antigen did not induce B-cell oxidase activation. This suggests that normal, non-transformed B lymphocytes also require interaction with relatively dense deposits of specific antigen for activation of their oxidase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1990.tb03208.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    B Lymphoblasts show Oxidase Activity in Response to Cross-Linking of Surface IgM and HLA-DR (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 35 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Human B lymphocytes express components of the superoxide generating system of phagocytes, NADPH oxidase. We studied regulation of this ‘B-cell oxidase’ during in vitro blast transformation, using Lucigenin-amplified chemiluminescence (CL) to detect superoxide release. While freshly isolated tonsil B lymphocytes showed no CL responses, culture with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and ionomycin induced susceptibility to CL triggering by anti-IgM and anti-HLA-DR. Maximal effects were observed after 3 days of culture with 0.4 ng/ml PMA+1μg/ml ionomycin. Cells from such B lymphoblast cultures showed no CL responses to opsonized zymosan. In contrast, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, where monocytes are the predominant oxidant source, showed CL responses to opsonized zymosan but not to anti-IgM and anti-HLA-DR, either before or afterculture with PMA+ionomycin.Culture of B cells with the surface immunoglobulin cross-linking agent staphylococcus aureus Cowan 1 also led to emergence of a CL response to anti-IgM, which was enhanced by interferon-γ. Interestingly, markedly fewer B blasts than freshly isolated B lymphocytes expressed cytochrome b-558 surface antigen. Thus, the B-cell oxidase is up-regulated during blast transformation and can be triggered via surface IgM and HLA-DR; however, this appears to be restricted to a subset of B lymphoblasts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1992.tb03255.x
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