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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 2 (1965), S. 221-226 
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Summary The aim is to design a machine which is able to learn a number of idealised characters and to recognise them, irrespective of their size, position and context on an infinite retina. If the number of characters which such a machine can possibly learn to recognise is astronomical, it is not practical to use separate templates for every possible character. It is more economical to use, instead, templates for various parts, called features, of characters. In recognising a number of characters simultaneously, without scanning, the question arises of how to tell which feature belongs to which character of figure on the retina. In particular, if a given character is not present but all its features are included in nonsense figures simultaneously present on the retina then the machine must not indicate the presence of the given character. The technique which overcomes this difficulty employs overlapping features which must be mutually consistent for recognition. This consistency technique is assessed by comparison with a more conventional technique, and the work is restricted to closed line characters which are not subject to deformations or mutilations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 267 (1977), S. 733-733 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THIS collection of ten papers by different authors is concerned with the application of automatic pattern recognition to electrocardiograms, speech, Chinese ideograms, mathematical expressions, finger prints, remotely sensed imagery and parts of industrial assemblies. The central technical problem ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 257 (1975), S. 547-549 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] WHEN Christopher Columbus sailed westwards in 1492 he hoped to reach India, and that is why the indigenous native Americans are called Indians. In 1975 there is an undercurrent of opinion that, in its established usage, the term artificial intelligence (AI) is as much a misnomer as Indian is a ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 6 (1974), S. 319-332 
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Automatic pattern recognition is the subject of a large literature, much of it theoretical. The present review paper deals primarily with optical pattern recognition techniques, and concentrates on the principles of recognition rather than the detailed physics and technology of opto-electronic transduction. Mathematical, sequential, and interactive techniques are mentioned only briefly because they have already been well reviewed by various authors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 1 (1963), S. 91-100 
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé On décrit des modèles cybernétiques apprenant des connections sensitivo-motrices au cours d'une activité motrice arbitraire. Les connections nécessaires à atteindre un but prévu sont trouvées en relatant les impressions sensitives causées par l'activité motrice arbitraire, à l'état instantané des unités contrôlant les organes moteurs. Le but actuel ne doit pas avoir été atteint au cours de la période d'enseignement. Le système principal décrit ici comprend un membre à plusiers articulations, une rétine artificielle, et quelques éléments calculateurs. A la fin de la période d'enseignement, le membre est en mesure d'atteindre son but en utilisant des configurations qui n'ont pas été apprises elles-mêmes.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Es werden kybernetische Modelle beschrieben, in welchen sensorischmotorische Überleitungen im Laufe willkürlicher motorischer Tätigkeiten erlernt werden, Die Verbindungen, die zur Erreichung eines bestimmten Zieles erforderlich sind, lassen sich finden, indem sensorische Eindrücke, die durch willkürliche motorische Tätigkeit ausgelöst worden sind, auf den augenblicklichen Zustand der Einheiten, die motorischen Organe steuern, bezogen werden. Das gesteckte Ziel muss wührend der Lernperiode nicht erreicht worden sein. Das hier beschriebene System umfasst eine Gliedmaße mit mehreren Gelenken, eine künstliche Netzhaut und einige Rechenelemente. Nach Abschluss der Lernperiode ist die Gliedmaße in der Lage, das gesteckte Ziel erfolgreich zu erreichen, und zwar auf Wegen die selbst nicht gelernt worden sind.
    Notes: Abstract Cybernetic models are described in which sensory-motor connections are learnt in the course of random motor activity. The connections necessary for achieving a predecided goal are found by relating the sensory impressions caused by the random motor activity to the instantaneous states of the units controlling the motor organs. The actual goal need not be achieved during the learning phase. The principal system described comprises a many jointed limb, an artificial retina and some computation elements. After completion of the learning process the limb is able successfully to reach its goal using configurations which have not themselves been learnt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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