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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Treatment of active Crohn's disease with onercept (recombinant human soluble p55 tumour necrosis factor receptor): results of a randomized, open-label, pilot study (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 17 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background : Monoclonal antibodies to the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumour necrosis factor-α have shown efficacy in treating Crohn's disease, but can be immunogenic. Soluble tumour necrosis factor-binding proteins are being studied as potential alternative anti-tumour necrosis factor agents in Crohn's disease.Aim : To investigate the safety and efficacy of onercept, a recombinant form of the natural human soluble p55 tumour necrosis factor receptor, in the treatment of patients with active Crohn's disease.Methods : In a pilot study, 12 patients with active Crohn's disease were randomized to receive onercept at either 11.7 or 50 mg three times weekly for 2 weeks. Patients were followed up for 6 months after the end of treatment.Results : The Crohn's disease activity index decreased rapidly during treatment in both groups. Seven responses (Crohn's disease activity index decrease of 100 points) were observed over the first 6 weeks of the study, including five remissions (Crohn's disease activity index decrease of 150 points). Improvement was sustained for 2–4 months after stopping treatment. Treatment was well tolerated. No patients developed antibodies to onercept.Conclusions : Neutralizing the activity of tumour necrosis factor-α with its soluble p55 receptor may be valuable in the treatment of patients with Crohn's disease. Larger placebo-controlled trials are indicated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2003.01414.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Infliximab induces potent anti-inflammatory and local immunomodulatory activity but no systemic immune suppression in patients with Crohn’s disease (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 15 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Anti-TNFα therapy with infliximab is effective for Crohn’s disease. Infliximab neutralizes the biological activities of TNFα, a cytokine involved in host-defence against certain infections.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Aim:To evaluate the effects of infliximab on the gut and peripheral immune system functions.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods:Biopsies and blood samples from three clinical trials of infliximab in Crohn’s disease were analysed. Pharmacokinetics, changes in leucocyte counts and T cell subsets, T cell function, and cytokine profiles of lamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMC) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were analysed.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:Infliximab has a serum half-life of 9.5 days and is still detectable in serum 8 weeks after infusion. Leucocyte counts showed consistent changes from baseline toward normal values after therapy. Monocytes and lymphocytes were modestly increased, while neutrophils were decreased 4 weeks after treatment. Lymphocyte subsets and T cell proliferative responses were not altered after therapy. The proportion of PBMCs capable of producing IFNγ and TNFα did not change, while Th1 cytokine production by stimulated LPMC was decreased after infliximab therapy.〈section xml:id="abs1-5"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusion:The clinical efficacy of infliximab is based on local anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects in the bowel mucosa, without generalized suppression of systemic immune functions in Crohn’s disease patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2001.00956.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The impact of major depressive disorder on the short- and long-term outcome of Crohn's disease treatment with infliximab (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  Major depressive disorder is the most common psychiatric diagnosis in Crohn's disease. In other chronic diseases, evidence suggests that depression influences the course of the disease. Strong evidence of such a mediating role of major depressive disorder in Crohn's disease has never been found.Aim:  To assess the relationship between major depressive disorder and outcome of treatment of luminal Crohn's disease with infliximab.Methods:  In this prospective study, 100 consecutive unselected patients underwent assessment of psychosocial, demographical disease-related biological and clinical parameters at baseline and at 4 weeks after infliximab. Major depressive disorder was diagnosed using the Patient Health Questionnaire. Subsequently, the patients were followed up clinically until the next flare or during 9 months.Results:  The Crohn's disease responded in 75% of the patients, and remission was achieved in 60%. The presence of major depressive disorder at baseline predicted a lower remission rate (OR = 0.166, 95% CI = 0.049–0.567, P = 0.004). At follow-up, 88% of the patients needed retreatment. At univariate regression analysis, major depressive disorder significantly decreased time to retreatment (P = 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression confirmed major depressive disorder as an independent determinant of active disease both at baseline and at re-evaluation (hazard ratio = 2.271, 95% CI: 1.36–3.79, P = 0.002).Conclusion:  Major depressive disorder is a risk factor for failure to achieve remission with infliximab and for earlier retreatment in patients with active luminal Crohn's disease. Assessment and management of major depressive disorder should be part of the clinical approach to patients with Crohn's disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02535.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The risk of post-operative complications associated with infliximab therapy for Crohn's disease: a controlled cohort study (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 19 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background : By temporarily suppressing the immune response, the anti-tumour necrosis factor agent, infliximab, may increase the risk of peri-operative complications.Aim : To test this hypothesis for intestinal resection in a cohort of 313 Crohn's disease patients treated with infliximab. Forty received one or more infusions prior to intestinal resection (31/40 within 12 weeks).Methods : The post-operative events of these patients were compared with those of a control group (infliximab naive) of 39 patients adjusted for age, gender and surgical procedure. Early (10 days) and late (3 months) major or minor complications were identified.Results : The incidence of early minor (15.0% vs. 12.8%) and major (12.5% vs. 7.7%) and late minor (2.5% vs. 5.1%) and major (17.5% vs. 12.8%) complications and the mean hospital stay after surgery (10.3 ± 4.0 days vs. 9.9 ± 5.5 days) were similar in both groups. A trend towards an increased early infection rate was found in infliximab pre-treated patients (6 vs. 1; P = 0.10), but more patients in this group received corticosteroids and/or immunosuppressives (29 vs. 16 patients; P 〈 0.05).Conclusion : The use of infliximab before intestinal resection does not prolong the hospital stay and does not increase the rate of post-operative complications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.01904.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of Reacting Polymer Systems by Temperature-Modulated Differential Scanning Calorimetry (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 54 (1998), S. 585-604 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Keywords: epoxy resin ; inorganic polymer glass ; reaction-induced phase separation ; reaction mechanism ; TMDSC ; unsaturated polyester resin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The benefits of temperature-modulated differential scanning calorimetry to characterize reacting polymers are illustrated for different experimental systems. The effects of combined isothermal and non-isothermal cure paths on (de)vitrification, mobility-restricted reactions, and relaxation during vitrification are discussed for anhydride- and amine-cured epoxies. The simultaneous measurement of heat capacity, heat flow, and heat flow phase provides an excellent tool for mechanistic interpretations. The influence of the metakaolinite particle size on the production of inorganic silicate-metakaolinite polymer glasses is treated as an example. These principles are further illustrated for primary and secondary amine-epoxy step growth reactions, and for styrene-cured unsaturated polyester chain growth reactions with ‘gel effect’. Finally, the effects of isothermal cure and temperature on reaction-induced phase separation in a polyethersulfone modified epoxy-amine system are highlighted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1010150711172
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    TMDSC and Dynamic Rheometry, Gelation, Vitrification and Autoacceleration in the Cure of an Unsaturated Polyester Resin (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 59 (2000), S. 305-318 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Keywords: autoacceleration ; dynamic rheometry ; gelation ; gel effect ; TMDSC ; unsaturated polyester resin ; vitrification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The free radical cross-linking copolymerization of an unsaturated polyester resin with styrene is studied in isothermal conditions using temperature modulated differential scanning calorimetry (TMDSC) and dynamic rheometry. The dynamic rheometry measurements show that gelation occurs at a conversion below 5%, while TMDSC measurements show that an important autoacceleration starts near 60% conversion, giving rise to a maximum cure rate closely before the (partial) vitrification of the system near 80%. This indicates that the autoacceleration is not due to the sharp increase in bulk viscosity at gelation, but rather to a change in molecular mobilities at higher conversion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1010112718501
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning and cryptography with quantum continuous variables (2002)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 18 (2002), S. 211-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Keywords: PACS. 03.67.Dd Quantum cryptography – 42.50.-p Quantum optics – 89.70.+c Information science
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: The cloning of quantum variables with continuous spectra is investigated. We define a Gaussian 1-to-2 cloning machine that copies equally well two conjugate variables such as position and momentum or the two quadrature components of a light mode. The resulting cloning fidelity for coherent states, namely F = 2/3, is shown to be optimal. An asymmetric version of this Gaussian cloner is then used to assess the security of a continuous-variable quantum key distribution scheme that allows two remote parties to share a Gaussian key. The information versus disturbance tradeoff underlying this continuous quantum cryptographic scheme is then analyzed for the optimal individual attack. Methods to convert the resulting Gaussian keys into secret key bits are also studied. Finally, the extension of the Gaussian cloner to optimal N-to-M continuous cloners is discussed, and it is shown how to implement these cloners for light modes using a phase-insensitive optical amplifier and beam splitters. In addition, a phase-conjugate input cloner is defined, yielding M clones and M' anticlones from N replicas of a coherent state and N' replicas of its phase-conjugate (with M' - M = N' - N). This novel kind of cloners is shown to outperform the standard N-to-M cloners in some cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e20020025
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics and mechanism of the pyrolysis of 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane in the presence of additives (1998)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 30 (1998), S. 359-366 
    Details
    ISSN: 0538-8066
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The thermal dehydrochlorination CF2ClCH3→CF2(DOUBLEBOND)CH2+HCl has been studied in a static system between 597 and 664 K in the presence of CCl4, C2Cl6, CF2(DOUBLEBOND)CH2, HCl, and CF3CH3. A kinetic radical and molecular reaction model has been developed. In addition to describing earlier results on the acceleration of the pyrolysis by CCl4 and the further acceleration by HCl, this model describes quantitatively up to conversions of 20% (i) the dependence of the catalytic effect of CCl4 at low concentrations, (ii) the stronger catalytic effect of C2Cl6, and (iii) the inhibitory effect of added CF2CH2 and CF3CH3 when CCl4 is used as a catalyst. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 30: 359-366, 1998
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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