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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Homogeneous cultivation of animal cells for the production of virus and virus products (1969)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 11 (1969), S. 875-885 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Homogeneous technique facilitates the cultivation of large quantities of cells, reduces the risk of contamination by eliminating many manipulations, and makes practical the control of conditions such as pH and oxygen tension. Although most animal cells will not multiply in free suspension, certain cell lines have lost the requirement of being attached to a solid surface. These cells can be subcultured indefinitely but have some resemblance to cancer cells such as their abnormal karyotype. Certain cell linen developed from human embryonic tissue maintain their diploid character after repeated subculture and would seem to be ideal for the production of vaccines. However, strict regulations exist for viral products for human injection in that only cells taken from normal tissue and subcultured but once may be used.A microcarrier method in which cells adhere to DEAE-Sephadex beads permits a suspension culture which may be termed quasihomogeneous. The attached cells may be retained by sedimentation or by screening as the medium is replaced. Cell debirs from the original tissue is difficult to remove from microcarrier cultures; modifications of the trypsinization technique have alleviated but not solved this problem.Conditions for virus replication can be less critical than those for cell growth in that oxygen tension seems to have little influence on virus production. In cases where rate of virus production increases with specific growth rate of cells, homogeneous culture would have a advantage in maintaining a high cell mogeneous culture would have a valuble advantage in maintaining a high cell growth rate for a longer time. Some virus infections destroy cells, but others cause little change in cellular mteabolism except that virus is continually produced. The latter type can be conducted with a microcarrier in continuous culture with a virus titer exceeding 107 plaque forming units per milliliter for over 50 days with Rubella-infected BHK cells.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260110513
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A steam-sterilizable electrode of the galvanic type for the measurement of dissolved oxygen (1969)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 11 (1969), S. 549-560 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An oxygen probe is developed, using the principle of the silver-lead galvanic cell, covered with a plastic membrane. It is steam sterilizable while filled with water; after sterilization, water is easily exchanged for the electrolyte, potassium bicarbonate. Flat plastic membranes up to a thickness of about 0.1 mm can be applied. The membrane is secured and stretched in a special way, which guarantees a leakproof seal. The outer shape of the probe has a tulip-form and consists of polished stainless steel, except for the electrode face. The electrode is suitable for laboratory and industrial use and its components are completely standardized.Almost linear response for O2-partial pressures up to atmospheric is obtained with 0.001 in. and 0.002 in. FEP-Teflon membranes. 90% response time is of the order of 10-15 sec for the 0.001 in. membrane, Residual current is almost negligible (〈 1 μA).
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260110403
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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