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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Defective regulation of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase gene expression in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients (1999)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 42 (1999), S. 358-364 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Hyperinsulinaemic clamp ; insulin receptor ; IRS-1 ; RT-PCR.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We investigated the regulation of the mRNA expression of the insulin receptor, insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) and p85α-phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI-3K), three major actors of insulin action, in skeletal muscle from 10 healthy lean volunteers, 13 obese patients with Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and 7 non-diabetic obese subjects. The in vivo regulation by insulin was studied using a 3-h euglycaemic, hyperinsulinaemic clamp. There were no differences in the basal concentrations of the three mRNAs in skeletal muscle between groups. Insulin infusion produced a twofold reduction in insulin receptor substrate-1 mRNA expression in the three groups (p 〈 0.02). In contrast, insulin increased p85α-phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase mRNA expression in muscle from non-diabetic subjects ( + 98 ± 22 % in lean and + 127 ± 16 % in obese, p 〈 0.02) but this effect was totally impaired in Type II diabetic patients ( + 5 ± 12 %, NS). A similar defect in insulin action on p85α-phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase mRNA expression was observed in abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue ( + 138 ± 25 %, p 〈 0.01 in lean and + 46 ± 14 %, p 〈 0.02 in obese and + 29 ± 11 %, NS in Type II diabetic patients). The lack of action of insulin on p85α-phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase mRNA in diabetic subjects was probably not due to a deleterious effect of hyperglycaemia since improvement of the glycaemic control for 10 days did not restore the response in muscle or in adipose tissue. This study provides evidence for a defect in the regulation by insulin of PI-3K gene expression in Type II diabetic patients, thus reinforcing the concept that alterations at the gene expression might be involved in the pathogeny of Type II diabetes. [Diabetologia (1999) 42: 358–364]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250051163
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulation of gene expression during severe caloric restriction: lack of induction of p85alpha phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase mRNA in skeletal muscle of patients with Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (2000)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 43 (2000), S. 356-363 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase, insulin receptor, Rad, hexokinase II, GLUT 4, lipoprotein lipase, insulin resistance.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Aims/hypothesis. Alterations in the regulation of gene expression could be involved in the development of Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus.¶Methods. We compared the mRNA concentrations of eight genes encoding proteins involved in insulin action and intermediary metabolism in skeletal muscle of healthy volunteers and Type II diabetic patients. The in vivo regulation of the expression of these genes was investigated after 5 days of hypocaloric diet (1045 kJ/day).¶Results. In the basal state, diabetic muscle showed reduced insulin receptor (–38 %), hexokinase II (–73 %), glycogen synthase (–45 %) and lipoprotein lipase (–70 %) mRNA expression. There was no difference in the mRNA abundances of IRS-1, GLUT 4, p85α phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (p85αPI3K) or Rad. In both groups, caloric restriction induced weight loss, reduced glycaemia and increased plasma ketone body concentrations. The diet also increased plasma concentrations of fatty acids and decreased whole-body insulin sensitivity in control subjects. In control subjects, the diet increased p85αPI3K ( + 146 %), insulin receptor ( + 100 %) and Rad ( + 40 %) mRNA concentrations in muscle. In Type II diabetic patients, the diet increased insulin receptor ( + 41 %) and Rad ( + 31 %) mRNAs but the expression of p85αPI3K was not modified.¶Conclusion/interpretation. The regulation of the expression of p85αPI3K is altered during caloric restriction in skeletal muscle of Type II diabetic patients. Because we have shown in an earlier study that there is also a defective regulation of p85αPI3K gene expression in response to insulin, these data support the hypothesis that alterations in the regulation of gene expression could be involved in the pathogenesis of Type II diabetes. [Diabetologia (2000) 43: 356–363]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250050054
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anaemia of renal failure: Differences between continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and haemodialysis (2000)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    Nephrology 5 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1797
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A cross-sectional study was performed to assess a series of parameters, especially those related to iron status, that may account for differences in the anaemia of patients treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and haemodialysis (HD). Patients on CAPD (n = 37) and on haemodialysis (n = 27) were selected on the basis of clinical stability and absence of factors that may interfere with iron metabolism. Parameters measured included routine haematological and biochemical profile; serum iron metabolism (serum iron, transferrin saturation capacity, transferrin saturation index, serum ferritin); erythrocyte ferritin; bone marrow erythroid components and semiqualitative analysis of iron deposits in the bone marrow. The CAPD patients showed higher levels of haemoglobin and transferrin saturation capacity as well as lower serum ferritin than patients on haemodialysis. In the bone marrow, CAPD patients had a higher percentage of red blood cells and in those with low iron-containing macrophages a higher percentage of sideroblasts than the haemodialysis group. Erythrocyte ferritin levels were similar in both groups. These data suggest more efficient iron metabolism in CAPD patients than in patients on haemodialysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1797.2000.00506.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dielectric differential thermal analysis (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 35 (1989), S. 1359-1364 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Mittels thermodielektrischer Analyse wurden einige gut charakterisierte Kaoline aus kubanischen Lagerstätten untersucht. Die Proben wurden mittels Thermoanalyse (TA), Röntgendiffraktion (XRD), Infrarotspektroskopie (IR), Elektronenmikroskopie (EM) und Elementaranalyse untersucht. Die Dielektrothermogramme zeigen, daß bei den hydratierten Versionen der augenscheinlichste Effekt der Wasserpeak ist. Der zweite dielektrische Effekt bei höheren Temperaturen wird mit der Kationenleitung in Zusammenhang gebracht, wodurch es möglich wird, Informationen über den K-Gehalt der Proben zu erlangen.
    Abstract: Резюме Для испытания очень х орошо охарактеризованных каолинов кубинского месторождения месторождения был использован терм одиэлектрический ан ализ. Образцы анализировались тер мическим анализом (ТА), рентгено диффракционным мето дом, ИК спектроскопией, элек тронной микроскопие й и химическим анализо м. Диэлектрические ди аграммы показали, что наиболе е доказанным эффектом является пи к воды процесса гидра тации. Второй диэлектричес кий эффект, наблюдаемый при высо ких температурах, свя зан с катионной проводимо стью, в связи с чем можно наблюдать связ ь его с содержанием ка лия в образце.
    Notes: Abstract Thermodielectric analysis has been used to test some very well-characterized kaolins from Cuban deposits. The samples were analysed by thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, infrared spectrometry, electron microscopy and chemical analysis. The dielectrical thermograms show that the most evident effect for the hydrated versions is the water peak. The second dielectric effect, at high temperatures, is related to the cationic conductions. A relation involving the K content of the sample was observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01912912
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