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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effective scattering angle of relativistic electron beams injected through an anode foil (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 64 (1988), S. 1781-1784 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The values of the effective scattering angle 〈θ〉 of a relativistic electron beam injected through an anode foil are analyzed by different methods in the light of reported values for various beam-plasma heating experiments. Wide variations in calculated 〈θ〉 are noted depending on the method used. It is argued that the 〈θ2〉1/2 expression corrected for Molière screening and the (1/e) equivalent from the Monte Carlo code give nearly the same average scattering angle and one of them should be used to determine 〈θ〉. It is also seen that a small variation in 〈θ〉 alters significantly the plasma temperature estimate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.341775
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relativistic electron beam heating of a hydrogen plasma in open confinement systems: Theoretical model (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 31 (1988), S. 606-611 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A one-dimensional theoretical model for predicting the heating of a hydrogen plasma in open confinement systems by a relativistic electron beam is presented. Direct energy transfer of beam electrons via interaction with large amplitude waves of the two-stream instability and Ohmic dissipation of plasma return current caused by classical and anomalous resistivities are considered as power input terms. For loss terms, various atomic processes and heat conduction mechanisms are considered. In the light of observed changes in the average scattering angle of the beam inside the plasma, criteria deciding the character of beam–plasma interaction and the estimation of direct power transfer are discussed. The numerical results are presented with a reference to the results of the beam–plasma heating experiments reported in the literature. Better agreement is observed between the experiment and the present analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.866843
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spatial and temporal distributions in exploding-wire plasmas (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 63 (1988), S. 2576-2582 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The effect of small energy pulses (τ∼0.1–10 ns) in exploding-wire plasmas has been analytically investigated in this study. It is shown that the deposited energy distribution is an increasing function of the radial distance in wire. The energy distribution is more pronounced with smaller τ and becomes uniform for τ〉10 ns for given wire radius ∼12.5 μm. The resulting fragments exhibit a distribution in sizes and are smaller towards the wire surface due to a higher energy density (E) than around the axis. For E∼Ee (the energy density needed for total evaporation), the fragment sizes range from μm to nm from axis towards surface, respectively. Subsequent to explosion, for E≥Ee, there are distributions in plasma temperature (Tp) and plasma density (Np) as well. Typically for E∼10 kJ/g in copper, Tp is more than a few percent higher at the leading end than in the trailing end. As compared to this, E(very-much-greater-than)Ee gives a uniform plasma with uniform Tp irrespective of τ. Consequently, uniform plasma can be obtained either with very large E, or in case of small E with large τ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.340993
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spatial and temporal characteristics of a vacuum-arc rail-gun plasma (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 82 (1997), S. 1539-1545 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The dynamics of a vacuum-arc operated rail-gun plasma were numerically simulated for the undercritically damped regime and confirmed in experiments. Analytical solutions of arc current, its velocity, and position also showed good agreement with the results. The spatial development of the arc is shown here to follow a linear behavior, even though the propulsion velocity followed an exponential-step function due to the sinusoidal nature of the arc current. Peak arc current ∼100 kA, 15 μs period was propelled to∼106 cm/s as indicated in time-of-flight measurements and simulations. The voltage signal induced on a B-dot probe by the dynamic sinusoidal arc was simulated, which compared well with the measured probe signal. A Gaussian current distribution inside the measured arc length∼1–2 cm, was established by unfolding the B-dot probe signal. A peak magnetic field of the order 1–5 kG was also interpreted inside the arc. The emerging plasma contained ion current over tens of amperes in the pulse duration encompassing the arc envelope. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.366275
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of thermal behavior of mixed bismaleimides for composites (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 34 (1999), S. 5907-5910 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Three types of bismaleimides viz., 4,4′-bismaleimido diphenyl methane (BDM), 4,4′-bismaleimido diphenyl ether (BDE) and hexa-methylene bismaleimide (HMBI) were synthesized. The thermal behavior of these bis monomers in neat and blended forms was studied by thermoanalytical techniques. All the monomer systems undergo thermal polymerization after the completion of melting. An eutectic type single lowest melting point is obtained for 60 : 40 imide formulations of BDM + HMBI and BDE + HMBI. The heat and kinetic parameters of polymerization are composition dependent and they show an increasing trend with the increase of HMBI. The thermal stability and char content decrease with the increase of hexamethylene bismaleimide whereas the thermal degradation kinetics show a reverse trend. The flexural and shear storage modulus values of the glass composite laminates made with the bismaleimides are also composition and temperature dependent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004743210352
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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