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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 116 (1978), S. 575-582 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Chlorofluoromethanes ; Stratospheric chlorine ; Oceanographic tracers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Depth profiles of the chlorofluoromethanes (CFM), CFCl3 and CF2Cl2, have been obtained together with tritium profiles from water samples collected in the Norwegian Sea between surface and 2800 m depth. CFM analysis was performed by vacuum extraction of the dissolved gases from 500 ml samples of seawater and subsequent gaschromatographic measurement. The CFM concentration decreases with depth to about 10 percent of surface concentration at depths below 2000 m. The same behaviour is found for the tritium content. From a correlation of the CFM and tritium concentration the upper limit of the preindustrial atmospheric CFM levels can be estimated to ≤5 percent of the present day concentrations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 116 (1978), S. 545-553 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Chlorofluoromethanes ; Stratospheric chlorine ; Trace gas observation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Available data on halogenated molecules in the stratosphere will be reviewed. Presently vertical profiles of CFCl3 and CF2Cl2 in the stratosphere exist to 50 km altitude. Only measurements in the lower stratosphere are reported for the other major halocarbons, CCl4 and CH3Cl. Profiles of the product species ClO, Cl, HCl, and HF exist to about 35 km. Comparison with theoretical profiles from 1-D models shows generally good agreement except for ClO where the earliest measured concentrations exceed the calculated ones considerably.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have looked for genes for ferritin and its translational control protein that could account for anomalies in the expression of ferritin (FT) and the transferrin receptor in the duodenum of individuals with hemochromatosis (HC). We show that there are probably only two FTH-like sequences near the HC locus on the short arm of chromosome 6 and no FTL-like sequences. We report the cloning of the previously uncharacterized FTH sequence from 6p (FTHL15) and show that it is probably a processed pseudogene. This gene has been mapped with a panel of radiation hybrid cells to near 6p12. Additionally, we show that there are no sequences on chromosome 6p for a protein that coordinately regulates expression of ferritin and the transferrin receptor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Genomics 21 (1994), S. 464-472 
    ISSN: 0888-7543
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0888-7543
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 255 (1977), S. 808-808 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1433-0458
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Schwerhörigkeit ; Implantierbare Hörgeräte ; Elektronisches Hörimplantat ; TICA ; Key words Sensorineural hearing loss ; Implantable hearing aid ; Electronic hearing implant ; TICA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Recently, Zenner et al. implanted the first totally implantable electronic hearing devices in patients with SNHL (HNO 46 [1998] 844–852). In the present report, technical and audiological features of the implant TICA are published. The development of the piezoelectric transducer and the microphone for implantation in the posterior wall of the auditory canal as components for the present fully implantable hearing system has already been described (HNO 45, 1997, 792–880). Here we report about our experience with the electronic main module that completes the TICA LZ 3001 system. This module is suited for implantation in the mastoid bone and contains the signal-processing electronics and an integrated battery that can be recharged transcutaneously with a portable charger. The recharging time is around 2 h for an implant operating time of 50h. The microphone and transducer connectors allow for easy replacement of the main module when the battery lifetime is reached. This lifetime is around 3–5 years. A small wireless remote control allows volume adjustment, contains an on/off switch, and permits selection of four different individual hearing programs. The basic audiological features are provided by a flexible, digitally programmable 3-channel-AGC-system with a peak clipping function. The total bandwidth is around 10 kHz. To our knowledge this is the first fully implantable hearing system that has been in implanted in humans.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Kürzlich wurde über die Entwicklung eines elektromechanischen, piezoelektrischen Wandlers und eines Mikrofons zum subkutanen Einbau in die hintere Gehörgangswand als Komponenten eines zukünftigen vollständig implantierbaren Hörsystems für Innenohrschwerhörige berichtet (HNO 45, 1997, 792–880). Zwischenzeitlich konnte die Entwicklung eines elektronischen Hauptmoduls zur Implantation auf dem Planum mastoideum abgeschlossen werden, das diese Mikrofone und Wandler zu dem kompletten Hörimplantat TICA® LZ 3001 ergänzt. Dieses Hauptmodul enthält neben der signalverarbeitenden Elektronik eine spezielle Batterie, die transkutan mit einem portablen Ladegerät nachgeladen wird. Nach einer Volladung, die ca. 2 h benötigt, ist das Implantat für rund 50 h kontinuierlich betriebsbereit. Das Ladegerät wird ähnlich wie bei Mobiltelefonen in einer netzbetriebenen Station nachgeladen. Lösbare Steckverbindungen zu Mikrofon und Wandler ermöglichen den einfachen operativen Austausch des Hauptmoduls, wenn die Batterielebensdauer erreicht ist. Dies wird nach ca. 3–5 Jahren erwartet. Dem Patienten steht eine kleine, drahtlose Fernbedienung zur Verfügung, mit der Lautstärke, Ein/Aus sowie 4 Hörprogramme für unterschiedliche Hörsituationen eingestellt werden können. Die grundlegenden audiologischen Eigenschaften sind durch ein flexibel digital programmierbares 3-Kanal-AGC-System mit Peak-clipping-Funktion gegeben. Die gesamte Übertragungsbandbreite beträgt ca. 10 kHz. Das vollimplantierbare Hörsystem wurde im Rahmen der klinischen Erprobung Anfang Juni 1998 erstmals am Menschen angewendet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1573-0662
    Keywords: OH-radicals ; troposphere ; long path absorption spectroscopy ; sensitivity study ; formaldehyde ; measurements
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Using long path UV absorption spectroscopy we have measured OH concentrations close to the earth's surface. The OH values observed at two locations in Germany during 1980 through 1983 range from 0.7×106 to 3.2×106 cm-3. Simultaneously we measured the concentrations of O3, H2O, NO, NO2, CH4, CO, and the light non methane hydrocarbons. We also determined the photolysis rates of O3 and NO2. This allows calculations of OH using a zero dimensional time depdendent model. The modelled OH concentrations significantly exceed the measured values for low NO x concentrations. It is argued that additional, so far unidentified. HO x loss reactions must be responsible for that discrepancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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