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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Thermochimica Acta 134 (1988), S. 133-137 
    ISSN: 0040-6031
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 24 (1991), S. 715-720 
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The effect of selected organic pigments on the supermolecular structure of isotactic polypropylene (IPP) fibre has been investigated. For the present work, three organic pigments of different molecular and supermolecular constitution were selected. Undrawn fibres with a minimal technological degree of drawing and fibres at draw ratios of 2, 4 and 5 were examined. The supermolecular structure was explored using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). From the SAXS patterns the one-dimensional intensity function and the correlation function were determined. The parameters characterizing the supermolecular structure of the fibre, i.e. long period and invariant, were assessed. It was found that a lamellar structure develops during fibre formation. A regular lamellar structure is formed irrespective of the presence of pigments. On drawing fibres the high regularity of the lamellar structure decreases. In the drawing process the pigments are at the origin of micropore formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 261 (1983), S. 621-625 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Polyamide 6 ; crystallisation ; kinetics ; titania
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The kinetics of isothermal and nonisothermal crystallization of polyamide-6 (PA6) containing titania was studied by means of DSC. It was found thatTiO 2 causes an acceleration in the crystallization of polyamide-6 and lowers the value of the Avrami exponent,n. The presence of TiO2 does not affect equilibrium melting pointT m 0 , glass temperatureT g, or surface free energiesσ e andσ of the basal and lateral surfaces.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 268 (1990), S. 618-624 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Butadiene-styrene copolymers ; two-phase structure ; SAXS ; scanning electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) investigations for epoxidized butadiene-styrene (BS) block copolymers were performed. For unepoxidized copolymers, the SAXS curve exhibits a maximum which indicates that the copolymer has heterogeneity domain morphology. Using the standard theory for a two-phase system, mean distances between domains, the correlation length l p , and the thickness of the phase boundary were calculated from the SAXS data. It was found that the epoxidation of BS copolymers decreases the ability of the copolymer to separate the individual components. As the content of the epoxide groups increases, the dimensions of the domains decrease until they disappear, the boundary between domains and the matrix becomes less and less definite, and the copolymer composes a homogeneous system. The disappearance of the two-phase structure of the BS copolymers indicates an increase in the compatibility of polystyrene and epoxidized polybutadiene. According to the method of Van Krevelen, the solubility parameters of polystyrene and epoxypolybutadiene were calculated. Small differences between these parameters support the conclusions drawn from the SAXS investigations
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 36 (1990), S. 2269-2275 
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Mittels Thermoanalyse (TG, DTG) wurden Untersuchungen an Fellen von Polnischen Berg-, Flachland-, Merino- und Langfellschafen durchgeführt, um einen Zusammenhang zwischen der Gelbfärbung der Wollfasern und ihrer Struktur festzustellen. Die thermischen Untersuchungen wurden unter Berücksichtigung der oberen (gelben) und unteren (weißen) Rohwollteile an einzelnen Faserbüscheln durchgeführt.
    Notes: Abstract Thermal investigations (TG, DTG) were carried out on the wool of Polish Mountain, Polish Lowland, Polish Merino and Polish Long-fleeced sheep in order to find dependences between the yellowing of the wool fibres and their structure. The thermal investigations were made on a single lock, taking into account the upper (yellow) and the lower (white) parts of the staple.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 26 (1983), S. 225-231 
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Struktur von mit Trichloräthylen (TRI) und Tetrachloräthylen (PER) behandelten Wollfasern wurde differentialthermoanalytisch (DTA), differentialscanningkalorimetrisch (DSC) und röntgendiffraktometrisch untersucht. DieProben wurden mit TRI im Temperaturbereich von 40–87
    Abstract: РЕжУМЕ с пОМОЩьУ ДтА, Дск И РЕН тгЕНОВскОИ ДИФФРАктОМЕтРИИ Был О пРОВЕДЕНО ИжУЧЕНИЕ стРУктУРы ш ЕРстьНых ВОлОкОН, ОБР АБОтАННых тРИхлОРЁтИлЕНОМ И тЕ тРАхлОРЁтИлЕНОМ. ОБРАБОткА тРИххлОР Ё тИлЕНОМ пРОВОДИлАсь В ОБлАстИ тЕМпЕРАтУР 40–87
    Notes: Abstract Studies have been made on the structure of wool fibres treated with trichloroethylene (TRI) and tetrachloroethylene (PER) by means of differential thermal analysis (DTA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffractometry. The samples were treated with TRI at temperatures ranging from 40
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 26 (1983), S. 17-22 
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die in Wollfasern durch Behandlung mit flüssigen Ammoniak verursachten Veränderungen wurden mittels DTA, TG und DTG untersucht. Es wurde festgestellt, dass sich die thermische Stabilität der Wolle in Abhängigkeit von der Dauer der Behandlung mit flüssigen Ammoniak signifikant erhöht.
    Abstract: Резюме С помощью ДТА, ТГ и ДТГ б ыли исследованы изменения, произходя щие в шерстяных волокнах п ри обработке их аммиа ком. Установлено, что терм оустойчивость шерсти значительно у величивается в завис имости от продолжительности о бработки ее аммиаком.
    Notes: Abstract The changes caused in wool fibres by treatment with liquid ammonia were investigated with DTA, TG and DTG. It was established that the thermal stability of wool undergoes a significant increase, depending on the duration of treatment with liquid NH3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 29 (1994), S. 660-663 
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Using the wide-angle X-ray scattering method, the degree of crystallinity of suspension copolymers and terpolymers of acrylonitrile (AN) and divinylbenzene (DVB) were determined. Copolymers with various degrees of cross-linking (5%–50% DVB) were prepared in the presence of thermodynamically different solvents added in order to obtain porous structure. It was found that copolymers with a degree of cross-linking of 0.1% DVB have a crystallinity index below 0.2, although the crystallinity index of PAN obtained under the same conditions is 0.5. Owing to the solvation conditions, even in copolymers with a degree of cross-linking of 20% DVB, ordered regions occur, and dilution of the polymerization mixture with poor solvents cause a decrease in the degree of crystallinity of these copolymers. Terpolymers AN, butyl acrylate (BA) or vinyl acetate (VA) have less ordered structure for the same amount of DVB. Methacrylonitrile and DVB copolymers obtained under the same conditions as AN and DVB are amorphous.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 35 (1989), S. 751-763 
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Mit Hilfe der Avrami Gleichung wurde der Einfluß einiger ausgewählter organischer Pigmente auf die kinetischen Parameter der isothermen Kristallisation gefärbter Polyamide 6 im Temperaturbereich 468–478 K untersucht. B Blue und BB Red erwiesen sich als aktive Keimbilder, was mit Hilfe ihrer kristallinen Struktur erklärt werden kann. Bei niedrigeren Temperaturen und geringeren Konzentrationen wird die Kristallisation von PA 6 durch G Orange leicht beschleunigt, unter anderen Bedingungen kann das Gegenteil beobachtet werden. Die isothermen Daten wurden durch die Ergebnisse bei nichtisothermer Kristallisation bekräftigt. In diesem Falle wurde das dem DSC Peak entsprechende Maß an Unterkühlung untersucht. Es wurde gefunden, daß B Blue und BB Red die freie Energie zur Bildung von Keimen kritischer Größe um 20 bzw. 12% herabsetzen, was sich in den Kristallisationsgeschwindigkeiten widerspiegelt.
    Abstract: Резюме Исходя из уравнения А врами, исследовано влияние некоторых ор ганических пигментов на кинетич еские параметры изот ермической кристаллизации окра шенного полиамида-6 в интервал е температур 468–478 К. Уста новлено, что голубой Б и красны й ББ являются активными ц ентрами кристаллиза ции, что обусловлено их собст венной кристаллической стр уктурой. Пигмент оран жевый Ж при более низких темпера турах и концентрациях в мало й мере ускоряет крист аллизацию, тогда как в других усл овиах он вызывает противоположный эфф ект. Изотермические д анные подтверждены данным и неизотермической кристаллизации. Изме рена степень переохл аждения соответствующего пи ка кривой ДСК. Найдено, что пигменты голубой Б и красный ББ понижают свободную энергию об разования центров кристаллиза ции критической вели чины, соответственно, на 20 и 12%, что отражается на скоростях кристалли зации.
    Notes: Abstract In terms of the Avrami equation, the effects of selected organic pigments on the kinetic parameters of the isothermal crystallization of coloured polyamide 6 were examined in the temperature range 468–478 K. It was found that B Blue and BB Red are active nucleating agents, which is acribed to their crystalline structure. G Orange slightly accelerates the crystallization of PA 6 at lower temperatures and concentrations, whereas in other conditions its effect is the opposite. The isothermal data were confirmed by the results of non-isothermal crystallization. The degree of supercooling corresponding to the peak of the DSC curve was the measured feature in this case. It was found that B Blue and BB Red reduce the free energy of formation of criticalsize nuclei by 20 and 12%, respectively, which is reflected in the rates of crystallization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 173 (1989), S. 37-45 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Der Einfluß organischer Pigmente auf die Überstruktur von massegefärbten PA-Fasern wurde mittels Röntgenstreuung (Kleinwinkel- und Weitwinkelstreuung) untersucht. Es wurde festgestellt, daß die vor der Faserbildung in die Schmelze eingeführten Farbstoffmoleküle an der Bildung der Überstruktur der Faser beteiligt sind. Die Anwesenheit dieser Moleküle verursacht Veränderungen der polymorphen Formen des Polyamids, einen Anstieg des Kristallinitäts-Index der Fasern und eine Zunahme der Übergangsschichten zwischen kristallinen und amorphen Bereichen. Diese Veränderungen hängen sowohl vom Farbstoffgehalt als auch vom chemischen Aufbau der Pigmente ab.
    Notes: The effect of organic pigments on the supermolecular structure of mass coloured PA fibres has been investigated by means of small-angle and wide-angle X-ray scattering methods. It has been found that the dye molecules introduced in polymer melt before the fibre is formed take part in the formation of the supermolecular structure of the fibres. The presence of these molecules causes changes of the weight fractions of the polymorphic forms of the polyamide, the increase of the crystallinity index of the fibres and the increase of the thickness of the transition layers between crystalline and amorphous regions. Changes which have been observed are dependent both on the content of pigments and on their chemical nature.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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