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  • 1
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Notes: A finite-difference ground-water flow model linked to a particle-tracking routine was used to determine ground-water flow paths and residence times in the Cambrian-Ordovician sandstone aquifer of eastern Wisconsin. The modeled region was a cross section along an approximate flow line that included the boundary between unconfmed and confined conditions in the aquifer. Modeling results indicate that lower conductivity units within the sandstone aquifer produce vertically stratified flow in the confined region. These simulation results help explain chemical signatures of ground water in different parts of the aquifer. Three distinct regions of the flow system are identified: the unconfmed zone where vertical mixing across the aquifer yields a homogeneous chemistry, the shallow part of the confined zone where sodium and sulfate charged water from the Maquoketa Shale mixes with water that has migrated from the unconfmed area, and the deeper region of the confined aquifer, containing older water that entered the system in the unconfmed area. Radium activities in ground water increase with distance along flow paths predicted by the simulation, consistent with a low concentration source of solid phase uranium and release of decay products to ground water by desorption and dissolution throughout the sandstone aquifer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water 29 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Notes: Ground water from wells in the Cambrian-Ordovician sandstone aquifer of eastern Wisconsin often contains elevated concentrations of dissolved solids, chloride, and sulfate and locally approaches or exceeds the current drinking-water standard for combined radium activity. Samples were collected from wells located along an approximate flow line in order to gain an improved understanding of the chemical evolution of ground water in this system. The concentrations of chloride, sulfate, and sodium increase where the aquifer is confined by the Maquoketa Shale, and the highest combined radium activity is also found in this area. Charge balance calculations and geochemical modeling indicate that dissolution of trace evaporite minerals and cation exchange are important mechanisms controlling major ion distribution. Isotopic equilibrium calculations and analysis of well cuttings from one well with alpha-sensitive film indicate that the dissolved radionuclide activities are consistent with a uranium source occurring in shaly intervals of the sandstone aquifer at maximum local concentrations of 5 ppm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd.
    Journal of metamorphic geology 15 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1525-1314
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: One-dimensional advection-dispersion models predict that characteristic δ18O vs. distance and δ18O vs. δ13C profiles should be produced during isothermal metamorphic fluid flow under equilibrium conditions. However, the patterns of isotopic resetting in rocks that have experienced fluid flow are often different from the predictions. Two-dimensional advection-dispersion simulations in systems with simple geometries suggest that such differences may be as a result of fluid channelling and need not indicate disequilibrium, high dispersivities, or polythermal flow. The patterns of isotopic resetting are a function of: (1) the permeability contrast between more permeable layers (‘channels’) and less permeable layers (‘matrix’); (2) the width and spacing of the channels; (3) the width and spacing of discrete fractures; and (4) the orientation of the pressure gradient with respect to layering. In fractured systems, the efficiency of isotopic transport depends on the fracture aperture and the permeability of the surrounding rock. Resetting initially occurs along and immediately adjacent to the fractures, but with time isotopic resetting because of flow through the rock as a whole increases in importance. Application of the one-dimensional advection-dispersion equations to metamorphic fluid flow systems may yield incorrect estimates of fluid fluxes, intrinsic permeabilities, dispersivities, and permeability contrasts unless fluid flow occurred through zones of high permeability that were separated by relatively impermeable layers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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